SettingsCold War leaders
Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab
Field Marshal Abdel Rahman Suwar al-Dahab (otherwise known as Suwar al-Dahab or al-Dahab; born 1934) (عبد الرحمن سوار الذهب) was the President of Sudan from April 6, 1985 to May 6, 1986.
Field Marshal Abdel Rahman Suwar al-Dahab (otherwise known as Suwar al-Dahab or al-Dahab; born 1934) (عبد الرحمن سوار الذهب) was the President of Sudan from April 6, 1985 to May 6, 1986.
Abel Muzorewa
Bishop Abel Tendekayi Muzorewa served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia from the Internal Settlement to the Lancaster House Agreement in 1979.
Bishop Abel Tendekayi Muzorewa served as Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia from the Internal Settlement to the Lancaster House Agreement in 1979.
Adolfo Calero
Adolfo Calero Portocarrero (born December 22, 1931) was a Nicaraguan businessman, and leader of the Nicaraguan Democratic Force, which was the largest contra rebel group opposing the Sandinista ...
Adolfo Calero Portocarrero (born December 22, 1931) was a Nicaraguan businessman, and leader of the Nicaraguan Democratic Force, which was the largest contra rebel group opposing the Sandinista ...
Adolfo Suárez, 1st Duke of Suárez
Adolfo Suárez y González, 1st Duke of Suárez, Grandee of Spain, KOGF is a Spanish lawyer and politician.
Adolfo Suárez y González, 1st Duke of Suárez, Grandee of Spain, KOGF is a Spanish lawyer and politician.
Agostinho Neto
António Agostinho Neto served as the first President of Angola, leading the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola in the war for independence and the civil war.
António Agostinho Neto served as the first President of Angola, leading the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola in the war for independence and the civil war.
Ahmad Shah Massoud
Ahmad Shah Massoud was a political and military leader in Afghanistan.
Ahmad Shah Massoud was a political and military leader in Afghanistan.
Ahmed Ben Bella
Ahmed Ben Bella was an Algerian soldier and revolutionary who was the first President of Algeria from 1963 to 1965.
Ahmed Ben Bella was an Algerian soldier and revolutionary who was the first President of Algeria from 1963 to 1965.
Ahmed Sékou Touré
Ahmed Sékou Touré was an African political leader and President of Guinea from 1958 to his death in 1984.
Ahmed Sékou Touré was an African political leader and President of Guinea from 1958 to his death in 1984.
Alcide De Gasperi
Alcide De Gasperi was an Italian statesman and politician and founder of the Christian Democratic Party.
Alcide De Gasperi was an Italian statesman and politician and founder of the Christian Democratic Party.
Alec Douglas-Home
Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, KT, PC was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister from October 1963 to October 1964.
Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, KT, PC was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister from October 1963 to October 1964.
Alfredo Stroessner
Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda, was a Paraguayan military officer and dictator from 1954 to 1989.
Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda, was a Paraguayan military officer and dictator from 1954 to 1989.
Anastasio Somoza Debayle
Anastasio Somoza Debayle was a Nicaraguan leader and officially the 73rd and 76th President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979.
Anastasio Somoza Debayle was a Nicaraguan leader and officially the 73rd and 76th President of Nicaragua from 1 May 1967 to 1 May 1972 and from 1 December 1974 to 17 July 1979.
Anastasio Somoza García
Anastasio Somoza García was officially the President of Nicaragua from 1 January 1937 to 1 May 1947 and from 21 May 1950 to 29 September 1956, but ruled effectively as dictator from 1936 until h...
Anastasio Somoza García was officially the President of Nicaragua from 1 January 1937 to 1 May 1947 and from 21 May 1950 to 29 September 1956, but ruled effectively as dictator from 1936 until h...
Anthony Eden
Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative politician, who was Prime Minister from 1955 to 1957.
Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative politician, who was Prime Minister from 1955 to 1957.
Antonio Thrasybule Kebreau
Antonio Thrasybule Kebreau (1909-1963) was Chairman of the Military Council and President of the Republic of Haiti from 14 June - 22 October 1957.
Antonio Thrasybule Kebreau (1909-1963) was Chairman of the Military Council and President of the Republic of Haiti from 14 June - 22 October 1957.
Antonín Novotný
Antonín Novotný was General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1968, and also held the post of President of Czechoslovakia from 1957 to 1968.
Antonín Novotný was General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1953 to 1968, and also held the post of President of Czechoslovakia from 1957 to 1968.
António de Oliveira Salazar
António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE was a Portuguese professor and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968.
António de Oliveira Salazar, GColIH, GCTE, GCSE was a Portuguese professor and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968.
António de Spínola
António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola, GCTE, ComA was a Portuguese soldier, conservative politician and author, who was important in the transition to democracy following the Portuguese Carnation...
António Sebastião Ribeiro de Spínola, GCTE, ComA was a Portuguese soldier, conservative politician and author, who was important in the transition to democracy following the Portuguese Carnation...
Anwar Sadat
Anwar El Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.
Anwar El Sadat was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.
Augusto Pinochet
Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, more commonly known as Augusto Pinochet,; North American English:, Commonwealth English: ).
Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, more commonly known as Augusto Pinochet,; North American English:, Commonwealth English: ).
B. J. Vorster
Balthazar Johannes Vorster, better known as John Vorster, served as the Prime Minister of South Africa from 1966 to 1978 and as the fourth State President of South Africa from 1978 to 1979.
Balthazar Johannes Vorster, better known as John Vorster, served as the Prime Minister of South Africa from 1966 to 1978 and as the fourth State President of South Africa from 1978 to 1979.
Boun Oum
Prince Boun Oum (also Prince Boun Oum Na Champassak) (December 12, 1912 - March 17, 1980) was the son of King Ratsadanay, and was the hereditary prince of Champassack (replaced the "king" ...
Prince Boun Oum (also Prince Boun Oum Na Champassak) (December 12, 1912 - March 17, 1980) was the son of King Ratsadanay, and was the hereditary prince of Champassack (replaced the "king" ...
Brian Mulroney
Martin Brian Mulroney, was the 18th Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984, to June 25, 1993 and was leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1983 to 1993.
Martin Brian Mulroney, was the 18th Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984, to June 25, 1993 and was leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1983 to 1993.
Bửu Đồng
John-Baptiste Bửu Đồng (surname: Nguyễn) was a Vietnamese Roman Catholic priest from the city of Huế who was executed by the Viet Cong during the Tet Offensive of 1968.
John-Baptiste Bửu Đồng (surname: Nguyễn) was a Vietnamese Roman Catholic priest from the city of Huế who was executed by the Viet Cong during the Tet Offensive of 1968.
Camille Chamoun
Camille Nimr Chamoun was President of Lebanon from 1952 to 1958, and one of the country's main Christian leaders during most of the Lebanese Civil War.
Camille Nimr Chamoun was President of Lebanon from 1952 to 1958, and one of the country's main Christian leaders during most of the Lebanese Civil War.
Carlos Andrés Pérez
Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez, also known as CAP and often referred to as El Gocho, was a Venezuelan politician, President of Venezuela from 1974 to 1979 and again from 1989 to 1993.
Carlos Andrés Pérez Rodríguez, also known as CAP and often referred to as El Gocho, was a Venezuelan politician, President of Venezuela from 1974 to 1979 and again from 1989 to 1993.
Carlos Castillo Armas
Carlos Castillo Armas was a Guatemalan Colonel who came to power in a CIA-orchestrated coup in 1954.
Carlos Castillo Armas was a Guatemalan Colonel who came to power in a CIA-orchestrated coup in 1954.
Chiang Ching-kuo
Chiang Ching-kuo, Kuomintang politician and leader, was the son of President Chiang Kai-shek and held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China.
Chiang Ching-kuo, Kuomintang politician and leader, was the son of President Chiang Kai-shek and held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China.
Clement Attlee
Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC, FRS (3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967) was a British Labour politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to...
Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC, FRS (3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967) was a British Labour politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to...
Clifford Dupont
Clifford Walter Dupont, GCLM ID (6 December 1905 – 28 June 1978) was a British-born Rhodesian politician who served in the internationally unrecognised positions of Officer Administrating the Go...
Clifford Walter Dupont, GCLM ID (6 December 1905 – 28 June 1978) was a British-born Rhodesian politician who served in the internationally unrecognised positions of Officer Administrating the Go...
Corazon Aquino
Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino was the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office.
Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino was the 11th President of the Philippines and the first woman to hold that office.
Daniel arap Moi
Daniel Toroitich arap Moi (born 2 September 1924) is a Kenyan politician who was the President of Kenya from 1978 to 2002.
Daniel Toroitich arap Moi (born 2 September 1924) is a Kenyan politician who was the President of Kenya from 1978 to 2002.
Daniel Fignolé
Pierre-Eustache Daniel Fignolé (1913–1986) was a Haitian politician who became Haiti's provisional head of state for three weeks in 1957.
Pierre-Eustache Daniel Fignolé (1913–1986) was a Haitian politician who became Haiti's provisional head of state for three weeks in 1957.
Daniel François Malan
Daniel François Malan (; 22 May 1874 – 7 February 1959), more commonly known as D.F. Malan, was the Prime Minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954.
Daniel François Malan (; 22 May 1874 – 7 February 1959), more commonly known as D.F. Malan, was the Prime Minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954.
David Ben-Gurion
Dafeed Bin Ghuriyyun, born David Grün; 16 October 1886 – 1 December 1973 was the main founder and the first Prime Minister of Israel.
Dafeed Bin Ghuriyyun, born David Grün; 16 October 1886 – 1 December 1973 was the main founder and the first Prime Minister of Israel.
David Dacko
David Dacko was the first President of the Central African Republic, from August 14, 1960 to January 1, 1966, and the third president of the CAR from September 21, 1979 to September 1, 1981.
David Dacko was the first President of the Central African Republic, from August 14, 1960 to January 1, 1966, and the third president of the CAR from September 21, 1979 to September 1, 1981.
Denis Sassou Nguesso
Denis Sassou Nguesso is a Congolese politician who has been the President of Congo-Brazzaville since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992.
Denis Sassou Nguesso is a Congolese politician who has been the President of Congo-Brazzaville since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992.
Duong Van Minh
Dương Văn Minh (16 February 1916 – 6 August 2001), popularly known as “Big Minh”, was a Vietnamese general and politician.
Dương Văn Minh (16 February 1916 – 6 August 2001), popularly known as “Big Minh”, was a Vietnamese general and politician.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961.
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower was the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961.
Edward Heath
Sir Edward Richard George "Ted" Heath, KG, MBE, PC (9 July 1916 – 17 July 2005) was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1970–74) and as Leader o...
Sir Edward Richard George "Ted" Heath, KG, MBE, PC (9 July 1916 – 17 July 2005) was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1970–74) and as Leader o...
Efraín Ríos Montt
José Efraín Ríos Montt is a former de facto President of Guatemala, dictator, army general, and former president of Congress.
José Efraín Ríos Montt is a former de facto President of Guatemala, dictator, army general, and former president of Congress.
Eisaku Satō
Eisaku Satō was a Japanese politician and the 39th Prime Minister of Japan, elected on November 9, 1964, and re-elected on February 17, 1967, and January 14, 1970, serving until July 7, 1972.
Eisaku Satō was a Japanese politician and the 39th Prime Minister of Japan, elected on November 9, 1964, and re-elected on February 17, 1967, and January 14, 1970, serving until July 7, 1972.
Enrique Bermúdez
Enrique Bermúdez Varela (December 11, 1932 – February 16, 1991) was a Nicaraguan who founded and commanded the Nicaraguan Contras.
Enrique Bermúdez Varela (December 11, 1932 – February 16, 1991) was a Nicaraguan who founded and commanded the Nicaraguan Contras.
Enver Hoxha
Enver Hoxha was the leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania.
Enver Hoxha was the leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania.
Ernst Reuter
Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter was the German mayor of West Berlin from 1948 to 1953, during the time of the Cold War.
Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter was the German mayor of West Berlin from 1948 to 1953, during the time of the Cold War.
Faisal of Saudi Arabia
Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (1906 – March 25, 1975) (فيصل بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود ') was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975.
Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (1906 – March 25, 1975) (فيصل بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود ') was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975.
Ferdinand Marcos
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino dictator who held the title of President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos (September 11, 1917 – September 28, 1989) was a Filipino dictator who held the title of President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986.
Fidel Castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to...
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (; born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban revolutionary and politician, having held the position of Prime Minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976, and then President from 1976 to...
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco y Bahamonde, better known under the name of Franco, was a Spanish general, dictator and the leader of the Nationalist military rebellion in the Spanish Civil War, and tota...
Francisco Franco y Bahamonde, better known under the name of Franco, was a Spanish general, dictator and the leader of the Nationalist military rebellion in the Spanish Civil War, and tota...
Francisco Macías Nguema
Francisco Macías Nguema (1 January 1924 – 29 September 1979) was the first President of Equatorial Guinea, from 1968 until his overthrow in 1979.
Francisco Macías Nguema (1 January 1924 – 29 September 1979) was the first President of Equatorial Guinea, from 1968 until his overthrow in 1979.
François Duvalier
François Duvalier (14 April 1907 21 April 1971) was the President of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971.
François Duvalier (14 April 1907 21 April 1971) was the President of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971.
François Mitterrand
François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (; 26 October 1916 – 8 January 1996) was the 21st President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra, serving from 1981 until 1995.
François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (; 26 October 1916 – 8 January 1996) was the 21st President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra, serving from 1981 until 1995.
Fulgencio Batista
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar was the United States-aligned Cuban President, dictator and military leader who served as the leader of Cuba from 1940 to 1944 and from 1952 to 1959, before being ov...
Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar was the United States-aligned Cuban President, dictator and military leader who served as the leader of Cuba from 1940 to 1944 and from 1952 to 1959, before being ov...
Félix Houphouët-Boigny
Félix Houphouët-Boigny, affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was the first President of Côte d'Ivoire.
Félix Houphouët-Boigny, affectionately called Papa Houphouët or Le Vieux, was the first President of Côte d'Ivoire.
Gaafar Nimeiry
Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise spelled in English as Jaafar Nimeiry, Gaafar Nimeiry or Ga'far Muhammad an-Numayri; 1 January 1930 – 30 May 2009) (جعفر محمد النميري) was ...
Gaafar Muhammad an-Nimeiry (otherwise spelled in English as Jaafar Nimeiry, Gaafar Nimeiry or Ga'far Muhammad an-Numayri; 1 January 1930 – 30 May 2009) (جعفر محمد النميري) was ...
Gamal Abdel Nasser
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death.
Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death.
George H. W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States (1989–93).
George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States (1989–93).
George Marshall
George Catlett Marshall (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American military leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of State, and the third Secretary of Defense.
George Catlett Marshall (December 31, 1880 – October 16, 1959) was an American military leader, Chief of Staff of the Army, Secretary of State, and the third Secretary of Defense.
Georgios Papadopoulos
Colonel Georgios Papadopoulos was the head of the military coup d'état that took place in Greece on 21 April 1967 and leader of the military government that ruled the country from 1967 to 1974.
Colonel Georgios Papadopoulos was the head of the military coup d'état that took place in Greece on 21 April 1967 and leader of the military government that ruled the country from 1967 to 1974.
Gerald Ford
Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974.
Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974.
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (; born Gheorghe Gheorghiu; November 8, 1901, Bârlad - March 19, 1965, Bucharest) was the Communist leader of Romania from 1948 until his death in 1965.
Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (; born Gheorghe Gheorghiu; November 8, 1901, Bârlad - March 19, 1965, Bucharest) was the Communist leader of Romania from 1948 until his death in 1965.
Gnassingbé Eyadéma
General Gnassingbé Eyadéma (born Étienne Eyadéma, December 26, 1937 – February 5, 2005), was the President of Togo from 1967 until his death in 2005.
General Gnassingbé Eyadéma (born Étienne Eyadéma, December 26, 1937 – February 5, 2005), was the President of Togo from 1967 until his death in 2005.
Golda Meir
Golda Meir was a teacher, kibbutznik and politician who became the fourth Prime Minister of Israel.
Golda Meir was a teacher, kibbutznik and politician who became the fourth Prime Minister of Israel.
Habib Bourguiba
Habib Bourguiba was a Tunisian statesman, the Founder and the first President of the Republic of Tunisia from July 25, 1957 until 7 November 1987.
Habib Bourguiba was a Tunisian statesman, the Founder and the first President of the Republic of Tunisia from July 25, 1957 until 7 November 1987.
Hafez al-Assad
Hafez ibn 'Ali ibn Sulayman al-Assad or more commonly Hafez al-Assad (حافظ الأسد ', 6 October 1930 – 10 June 2000) was the President of Syria for three decades.
Hafez ibn 'Ali ibn Sulayman al-Assad or more commonly Hafez al-Assad (حافظ الأسد ', 6 October 1930 – 10 June 2000) was the President of Syria for three decades.
Haile Selassie I
Haile Selassie I, born Tafari Makonnen, was Ethiopia's regent from 1916 to 1930 and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974.
Haile Selassie I, born Tafari Makonnen, was Ethiopia's regent from 1916 to 1930 and Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974.
Harold Macmillan
Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC, FRS was Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 10 January 1957 to 18 October 1963.
Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC, FRS was Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 10 January 1957 to 18 October 1963.
Harold Wilson
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, FSS, PC (11 March 191624 May 1995) was a British Labour politician and Leader of the Labour Party.
James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, FSS, PC (11 March 191624 May 1995) was a British Labour politician and Leader of the Labour Party.
Hastings Banda
Hastings Kamuzu Banda was the leader of Malawi and its predecessor state, Nyasaland, from 1961 to 1994.
Hastings Kamuzu Banda was the leader of Malawi and its predecessor state, Nyasaland, from 1961 to 1994.
Helmut Kohl
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; born 3 April 1930) is a German conservative politician and statesman.
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; born 3 April 1930) is a German conservative politician and statesman.
Helmut Schmidt
Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt is a German Social Democratic politician who served as Chancellor of West Germany from 1974 to 1982.
Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt is a German Social Democratic politician who served as Chancellor of West Germany from 1974 to 1982.
Hendrik Verwoerd
Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (8 September 1901 – 6 September 1966), commonly identified as H.F. Verwoerd, was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 until his assassination in 1966.
Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd (8 September 1901 – 6 September 1966), commonly identified as H.F. Verwoerd, was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958 until his assassination in 1966.
Henrique N'zita Tiago
Henrique N'zita Tiago is President of the Armed Forces of Cabinda, a rebel group that fights for the independence of Cabinda from Angola.
Henrique N'zita Tiago is President of the Armed Forces of Cabinda, a rebel group that fights for the independence of Cabinda from Angola.
Henry Boimah Fahnbulleh
Henry Boimah Fahnbulleh (born 1949) is a Liberian politician and diplomat.
Henry Boimah Fahnbulleh (born 1949) is a Liberian politician and diplomat.
Hirohito
Hirohito, posthumously in Japan officially called Emperor Shōwa or the Shōwa Emperor, was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order, reigning from December 25, 1...
Hirohito, posthumously in Japan officially called Emperor Shōwa or the Shōwa Emperor, was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order, reigning from December 25, 1...
Hissène Habré
Hissène Habré (حسين حبري; born September 13, 1942), also spelled Hissen Habré, was the leader of Chad from 1982 until he was deposed in 1990.
Hissène Habré (حسين حبري; born September 13, 1942), also spelled Hissen Habré, was the leader of Chad from 1982 until he was deposed in 1990.
Ho Chi Minh
Hồ Chí Minh, born Nguyễn Sinh Cung and also known as Nguyễn Tất Thành and Nguyễn Ái Quốc, was a Vietnamese Marxist-Leninist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and pres...
Hồ Chí Minh, born Nguyễn Sinh Cung and also known as Nguyễn Tất Thành and Nguyễn Ái Quốc, was a Vietnamese Marxist-Leninist revolutionary leader who was prime minister and pres...
Houari Boumediene
Houari Boumediène (also written Houari Boumedienne, هواري بومدين, 23 August 1932 – 27 December 1978) (also known as Mohammed Ben Brahim Boukharouba) served as Algeria's Chairman of the Rev...
Houari Boumediène (also written Houari Boumedienne, هواري بومدين, 23 August 1932 – 27 December 1978) (also known as Mohammed Ben Brahim Boukharouba) served as Algeria's Chairman of the Rev...
Houari Boumediène
Houari Boumediène (also written Houari Boumedienne, هواري بومدين, 23 August 1932 – 27 December 1978) (also known as Mohammed Ben Brahim Boukharouba) served as Algeria's Chairman of the Rev...
Houari Boumediène (also written Houari Boumedienne, هواري بومدين, 23 August 1932 – 27 December 1978) (also known as Mohammed Ben Brahim Boukharouba) served as Algeria's Chairman of the Rev...
Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco
Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (; September 20, 1897 - July 18, 1967) was a Brazilian military leader and politician.
Marshal Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (; September 20, 1897 - July 18, 1967) was a Brazilian military leader and politician.
Ian Smith
Ian Douglas Smith GCLM ID (8 April 1919 – 20 November 2007) was a politician active in the government of Southern Rhodesia, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Rhodesia, Zimbabwe Rho...
Ian Douglas Smith GCLM ID (8 April 1919 – 20 November 2007) was a politician active in the government of Southern Rhodesia, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Rhodesia, Zimbabwe Rho...
Imre Nagy
Imre Nagy was a Hungarian communist politician who was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Hungary on two occasions.
Imre Nagy was a Hungarian communist politician who was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the People's Republic of Hungary on two occasions.
Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term.
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms and a fourth term.
Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa
Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, GCB, GCMG (عيسى بن سلمان آل خليفة; June 3, 1933 – March 6, 1999) was the monarch or emir of Bahrain from 1961 until his death.
Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa, GCB, GCMG (عيسى بن سلمان آل خليفة; June 3, 1933 – March 6, 1999) was the monarch or emir of Bahrain from 1961 until his death.
Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán
Colonel Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán (; 14 September 1913 – 27 January 1971) was a Guatemalan military officer and politician who served as Defense Minister of Guatemala from 1944 to 1951, and as ...
Colonel Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán (; 14 September 1913 – 27 January 1971) was a Guatemalan military officer and politician who served as Defense Minister of Guatemala from 1944 to 1951, and as ...
James Callaghan
Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC, was a British Labour politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 19...
Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC, was a British Labour politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 19...
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru, often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian lawyer, politician and statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for...
Jawaharlal Nehru, often referred to with the epithet of Panditji, was an Indian lawyer, politician and statesman who became the first Prime Minister of independent India and became noted for...
Jean-Bédel Bokassa
Jean-Bédel Bokassa (; 22 February 1921 – 3 November 1996, also known as Bokassa I of Central Africa and Salah Eddine Ahmed Bokassa), a military officer, was the head of state o...
Jean-Bédel Bokassa (; 22 February 1921 – 3 November 1996, also known as Bokassa I of Central Africa and Salah Eddine Ahmed Bokassa), a military officer, was the head of state o...
Jean-Claude Duvalier
Jean-Claude Duvalier, nicknamed "Bébé Doc" or "Baby Doc" (born July 3, 1951), was the President of Haiti from 1971 until his overthrow by a popular uprising in 1986.
Jean-Claude Duvalier, nicknamed "Bébé Doc" or "Baby Doc" (born July 3, 1951), was the President of Haiti from 1971 until his overthrow by a popular uprising in 1986.
Jeremias Chitunda
Jeremias Kalandula Chitunda served as the Vice President of UNITA until his assassination in Luanda, as part of the Halloween Massacre shortly after the first round of the presidential election,...
Jeremias Kalandula Chitunda served as the Vice President of UNITA until his assassination in Luanda, as part of the Halloween Massacre shortly after the first round of the presidential election,...
Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States (1977–1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Pr...
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States (1977–1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Pr...
Joe Clark
Charles Joseph "Joe" Clark, is a Canadian statesman, businessman, and university professor, and former journalist and politician.
Charles Joseph "Joe" Clark, is a Canadian statesman, businessman, and university professor, and former journalist and politician.
Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom
Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom, (also spelled Strydom) commonly called JG Strydom or Hans Strydom (14 July 1893 – 24 August 1958), nicknamed the Lion of the North, was Prime Min...
Johannes Gerhardus Strijdom, (also spelled Strydom) commonly called JG Strydom or Hans Strydom (14 July 1893 – 24 August 1958), nicknamed the Lion of the North, was Prime Min...
John Diefenbaker
John George Diefenbaker, PC, CH, QC (September 18, 1895 – August 16, 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from June 21, 1957, to April 22, 1963.
John George Diefenbaker, PC, CH, QC (September 18, 1895 – August 16, 1979) was the 13th Prime Minister of Canada, serving from June 21, 1957, to April 22, 1963.
John F. Kennedy
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy, often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.
John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy, often referred to by his initials JFK, was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.
John Turner
John Napier Wyndham Turner, PC, CC, QC is an English Canadian lawyer and retired politician, who served as the 17th Prime Minister of Canada from June 30 to September 17, 1984.
John Napier Wyndham Turner, PC, CC, QC is an English Canadian lawyer and retired politician, who served as the 17th Prime Minister of Canada from June 30 to September 17, 1984.
Jorge Rafael Videla
Jorge Rafael Videla Redondo (; born 2 August 1925) is a former senior commander in the Argentine Army who was the de facto President of Argentina from 1976 to 1981.
Jorge Rafael Videla Redondo (; born 2 August 1925) is a former senior commander in the Argentine Army who was the de facto President of Argentina from 1976 to 1981.
Joseph Kasa-Vubu
Joseph Kasa-Vubu was the first President of the Republic of the Congo, today called Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Joseph Kasa-Vubu was the first President of the Republic of the Congo, today called Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин; born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, Иосиф Виссарионович Джугашвили; 18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was the Premier of t...
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин; born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili, Иосиф Виссарионович Джугашвили; 18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was the Premier of t...
Josip Broz Tito
Marshal Josip Broz Tito (; born Josip Broz; Cyrillic: Јосип Броз Тито; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles from 1945 until his dea...
Marshal Josip Broz Tito (; born Josip Broz; Cyrillic: Јосип Броз Тито; 7 May 1892 – 4 May 1980) was a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles from 1945 until his dea...
José Eduardo dos Santos
José Eduardo dos Santos is an Angolan politician and the current President of Angola, having come to power in 1979.
José Eduardo dos Santos is an Angolan politician and the current President of Angola, having come to power in 1979.
José Napoleón Duarte
José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes was a Salvadoran political figure who, from March 3, 1980 to 1982, led the civil-military Revolutionary Government Junta that took power in a 1979 coup d'état.
José Napoleón Duarte Fuentes was a Salvadoran political figure who, from March 3, 1980 to 1982, led the civil-military Revolutionary Government Junta that took power in a 1979 coup d'état.
Juan Carlos Onganía
Juan Carlos Onganía was de facto president of Argentina from 29 June 1966 to 8 June 1970.
Juan Carlos Onganía was de facto president of Argentina from 29 June 1966 to 8 June 1970.
Julius Nyerere
Julius Kambarage Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician who served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1961 until his retirement in 1985.
Julius Kambarage Nyerere was a Tanzanian politician who served as the first President of Tanzania and previously Tanganyika, from the country's founding in 1961 until his retirement in 1985.
János Kádár
János Kádár was a Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, presiding over the country from 1956 until his retirement in 1988.
János Kádár was a Hungarian communist leader and the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, presiding over the country from 1956 until his retirement in 1988.
Kafundanga Chingunji
"Kafundanga" Chingunji (died January 1974) served as the first Chief of Staff in the government of UNITA, pro-Western rebels, during the Angolan Civil War (1975-2002).
"Kafundanga" Chingunji (died January 1974) served as the first Chief of Staff in the government of UNITA, pro-Western rebels, during the Angolan Civil War (1975-2002).
Kakuei Tanaka
Kakuei Tanaka was a Japanese politician and the 64th and 65th Prime Minister of Japan from 7 July 1972 to 22 December 1972 and from 22 December 1972 to 9 December 1974 respectively.
Kakuei Tanaka was a Japanese politician and the 64th and 65th Prime Minister of Japan from 7 July 1972 to 22 December 1972 and from 22 December 1972 to 9 December 1974 respectively.
Kaysone Phomvihane
Kaysone Phomvihane was the leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party from 1955, though Souphanouvong served in a figurehead role.
Kaysone Phomvihane was the leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party from 1955, though Souphanouvong served in a figurehead role.
Kenneth Kaunda
Kenneth David Kaunda (born April 28, 1924), also known as KK, served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991.
Kenneth David Kaunda (born April 28, 1924), also known as KK, served as the first President of Zambia, from 1964 to 1991.
Kim Il-sung
Kim Il-sung was the leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, commonly referred to as "North Korea", from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.
Kim Il-sung was the leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, commonly referred to as "North Korea", from its establishment in 1948 until his death in 1994.
Klement Gottwald
Klement Gottwald was a Czechoslovakian Communist politician, longtime leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, prime minister and president of Czechoslovakia.
Klement Gottwald was a Czechoslovakian Communist politician, longtime leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, prime minister and president of Czechoslovakia.
Konstantin Chernenko
Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko was a Soviet politician and the fifth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Konstantin Ustinovich Chernenko was a Soviet politician and the fifth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Kwame Nkrumah
The Rt. Hon. Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, P.C., was the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from 1951 to 1966.
The Rt. Hon. Dr. Kwame Nkrumah, P.C., was the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from 1951 to 1966.
Kyuichi Tokuda
Kyuichi Tokuda was a Japanese politician and first chairman of the Japanese Communist Party from 1945 until his death in 1953.
Kyuichi Tokuda was a Japanese politician and first chairman of the Japanese Communist Party from 1945 until his death in 1953.
Leonid Brezhnev
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (; Леоні́д Іллі́ч Бре́жнєв, 19 December 1906 (O.S. 6 December) – 10 November 1982) was the General Secretary of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of t...
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (; Леоні́д Іллі́ч Бре́жнєв, 19 December 1906 (O.S. 6 December) – 10 November 1982) was the General Secretary of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of t...
Lester B. Pearson
Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson, PC, OM, CC, OBE was a Canadian professor, historian, civil servant, statesman, diplomat, and politician, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for organizing the Un...
Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson, PC, OM, CC, OBE was a Canadian professor, historian, civil servant, statesman, diplomat, and politician, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for organizing the Un...
Lon Nol
Lon Nol (លន់ នល់; November 13, 1913 – November 17, 1985) was a Cambodian politician and general who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia twice, as well as serving repeatedly as Defense Minister.
Lon Nol (លន់ នល់; November 13, 1913 – November 17, 1985) was a Cambodian politician and general who served as Prime Minister of Cambodia twice, as well as serving repeatedly as Defense Minister.
Louis St. Laurent
Louis Stephen St. Laurent, PC, CC, QC, was the 12th Prime Minister of Canada from 15 November 1948, to 21 June 1957.
Louis Stephen St. Laurent, PC, CC, QC, was the 12th Prime Minister of Canada from 15 November 1948, to 21 June 1957.
Ludwig Erhard
Ludwig Wilhelm Erhard was a German politician and Chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966.
Ludwig Wilhelm Erhard was a German politician and Chancellor of West Germany from 1963 until 1966.
Luis Somoza Debayle
Luis Anastasio Somoza Debayle was the President of Nicaragua from 29 September 1956 to 1 May 1963, but was effectively dictator of the country from 1956 until his death.
Luis Anastasio Somoza Debayle was the President of Nicaragua from 29 September 1956 to 1 May 1963, but was effectively dictator of the country from 1956 until his death.
Luís Cabral
Luís Severino de Almeida Cabral (11 April 1931 – 30 May 2009) was the first President of Guinea-Bissau.
Luís Severino de Almeida Cabral (11 April 1931 – 30 May 2009) was the first President of Guinea-Bissau.
Lyndon B. Johnson
Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963–1969), a position he assumed after his ser...
Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973), often referred to as LBJ, was the 36th President of the United States (1963–1969), a position he assumed after his ser...
Léopold Sédar Senghor
Léopold Sédar Senghor was a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who for two decades served as the first president of Senegal.
Léopold Sédar Senghor was a Senegalese poet, politician, and cultural theorist who for two decades served as the first president of Senegal.
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung, and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political phil...
Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung, and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political phil...
Marcelo Caetano
Marcelo José das Neves Alves Caetano, GCTE, GCC, also spelled Marcello Caetano (; Lisbon, 17 August 1906 – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26 October 1980), was a Portuguese politician and s...
Marcelo José das Neves Alves Caetano, GCTE, GCC, also spelled Marcello Caetano (; Lisbon, 17 August 1906 – Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 26 October 1980), was a Portuguese politician and s...
Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher,, née Roberts is a British politician and the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century, and the only woman ever to have held t...
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher,, née Roberts is a British politician and the longest-serving British prime minister of the 20th century, and the only woman ever to have held t...
Marien Ngouabi
Marien Ngouabi (or N'Gouabi) (December 31, 1938 – March 18, 1977) was the military President of the Republic of the Congo from January 1, 1969 to March 18, 1977.
Marien Ngouabi (or N'Gouabi) (December 31, 1938 – March 18, 1977) was the military President of the Republic of the Congo from January 1, 1969 to March 18, 1977.
Masayoshi Ōhira
Masayoshi Ōhira (大平 正芳 Ōhira Masayoshi; March 12, 1910 – June 12, 1980) was a Japanese politician and the 68th and 69th Prime Minister of Japan from December 7, 1978 to June 12, 1980.
Masayoshi Ōhira (大平 正芳 Ōhira Masayoshi; March 12, 1910 – June 12, 1980) was a Japanese politician and the 68th and 69th Prime Minister of Japan from December 7, 1978 to June 12, 1980.
Mathieu Kérékou
Mathieu Kérékou, (born 2 September 1933) was President of Benin from 1972 to 1991 and again from 1996 to 2006.
Mathieu Kérékou, (born 2 September 1933) was President of Benin from 1972 to 1991 and again from 1996 to 2006.
Maurice Bishop
Maurice Rupert Bishop (29 May 1944 – 19 October 1983) was a Grenadian politician and revolutionary who seized power in a coup in 1979 from Eric Gairy and served as Prime Minister of the People's...
Maurice Rupert Bishop (29 May 1944 – 19 October 1983) was a Grenadian politician and revolutionary who seized power in a coup in 1979 from Eric Gairy and served as Prime Minister of the People's...
Menachem Begin
Menachem Begin was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel.
Menachem Begin was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel.
Mengistu Haile Mariam
Mengistu Haile Mariam (መንግስቱ ኃይለ ማርያም, pronounced ; born 21 May 1937) is an Ethiopian politician who was the most prominent officer of the Derg, the Communist military junta that governed Ethiop...
Mengistu Haile Mariam (መንግስቱ ኃይለ ማርያም, pronounced ; born 21 May 1937) is an Ethiopian politician who was the most prominent officer of the Derg, the Communist military junta that governed Ethiop...
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (; born 2 March 1931) is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the l...
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (; born 2 March 1931) is a former Soviet statesman, having served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991, and as the l...
Milton Obote
Apolo Milton Obote was a Ugandan socialist political leader who led Uganda towards independence from the British colonial administration in 1962.
Apolo Milton Obote was a Ugandan socialist political leader who led Uganda towards independence from the British colonial administration in 1962.
Mitterrand and the far right
François Mitterrand and the far right has been the theme of a number of books, films and television programmes since 1990, generating many column inches and much debate, not to mention rumours ...
François Mitterrand and the far right has been the theme of a number of books, films and television programmes since 1990, generating many column inches and much debate, not to mention rumours ...
Mobutu Sese Seko
Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga, commonly known as Mobutu or Mobutu Sese Seko, was the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1965 to 1997.
Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga, commonly known as Mobutu or Mobutu Sese Seko, was the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1965 to 1997.
Mohammad Mosaddegh
Mohammad Mosaddegh or Mosaddeq (محمد مصدق, *), also spelled Mossadegh, Mossadeq, Mosadeck, or Musaddiq (16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967), was the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 u...
Mohammad Mosaddegh or Mosaddeq (محمد مصدق, *), also spelled Mossadegh, Mossadeq, Mosadeck, or Musaddiq (16 June 1882 – 5 March 1967), was the Prime Minister of Iran from 1951 u...
Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi, commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brot...
Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi, commonly known as Muammar Gaddafi or Colonel Gaddafi, was the official ruler of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then the "Brot...
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, was the 4th Chief Martial Law Administrator and the sixth President of Pakistan from July 1977 to his death in August 1988.
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, was the 4th Chief Martial Law Administrator and the sixth President of Pakistan from July 1977 to his death in August 1988.
Nguyen Cao Ky
Nguyễn Cao Kỳ served as the chief of the Vietnam Air Force in the 1960s, before leading the nation as the prime minister of South Vietnam in a military junta from 1965-67.
Nguyễn Cao Kỳ served as the chief of the Vietnam Air Force in the 1960s, before leading the nation as the prime minister of South Vietnam in a military junta from 1965-67.
Nguyen Lac Hoa
Father Augustine Nguyen Lac Hoa (1908-c.
Father Augustine Nguyen Lac Hoa (1908-c.
Nguyễn Cao Kỳ
Nguyễn Cao Kỳ (born September 8, 1930) served as the Chief of the Vietnam Air Force in the 1960s, before leading the nation as the Prime Minister of South Vietnam in a military junta from 1965 ...
Nguyễn Cao Kỳ (born September 8, 1930) served as the Chief of the Vietnam Air Force in the 1960s, before leading the nation as the Prime Minister of South Vietnam in a military junta from 1965 ...
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; April 5, 1923 – September 29, 2001) was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) who went on to become the President of South Vietnam (1965–75), fi...
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; April 5, 1923 – September 29, 2001) was a general in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) who went on to become the President of South Vietnam (1965–75), fi...
Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (, – September 11, 1971) led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War.
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (, – September 11, 1971) led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War.
Noboru Takeshita
Noboru Takeshita was a Japanese politician and the 74th Prime Minister of Japan from November 6, 1987 to June 3, 1989.
Noboru Takeshita was a Japanese politician and the 74th Prime Minister of Japan from November 6, 1987 to June 3, 1989.
Nobusuke Kishi
Nobusuke Kishi was a Japanese politician and the 56th and 57th Prime Minister of Japan from February 25, 1957 to June 12, 1958 and from then to July 19, 1960.
Nobusuke Kishi was a Japanese politician and the 56th and 57th Prime Minister of Japan from February 25, 1957 to June 12, 1958 and from then to July 19, 1960.
Norodom Sihanouk
Norodom Sihanouk regular script was the King of Cambodia from 1941 to 1955 and again from 1993 until his semi-retirement and voluntary abdication on 7 October 2004 in favor of his son, the cur...
Norodom Sihanouk regular script was the King of Cambodia from 1941 to 1955 and again from 1993 until his semi-retirement and voluntary abdication on 7 October 2004 in favor of his son, the cur...
Omar Torrijos
Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 – July 31, 1981) was the Commander of the Panamanian and National Guard and the de facto leader of Panama from 1968 to 1981.
Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 – July 31, 1981) was the Commander of the Panamanian and National Guard and the de facto leader of Panama from 1968 to 1981.
P. W. Botha
Pieter Willem Botha, commonly known as "P. W." and Die Groot Krokodil, was the prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and the first executive state president from 1984 ...
Pieter Willem Botha, commonly known as "P. W." and Die Groot Krokodil, was the prime minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and the first executive state president from 1984 ...
Pa Kao Her
Pa Kao Her (Paj Kaub Hawj) was the leader of the Hmong Chao Fa movement in Laos after the communist Lao People's Revolutionary Party took power in 1975.
Pa Kao Her (Paj Kaub Hawj) was the leader of the Hmong Chao Fa movement in Laos after the communist Lao People's Revolutionary Party took power in 1975.
Park Chung-hee
Park Chung-hee was a Republic of Korea Army general and the President of South Korea from 1961 to 1979.
Park Chung-hee was a Republic of Korea Army general and the President of South Korea from 1961 to 1979.
Patrice Lumumba
Patrice Émery Lumumba was a Congolese independence leader and the first legally elected Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo after he helped win its independence from Belgium in June 1960.
Patrice Émery Lumumba was a Congolese independence leader and the first legally elected Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo after he helped win its independence from Belgium in June 1960.
Phạm Văn Đồng
Phạm Văn Đồng (March 1, 1906 – April 29, 2000) was an associate of Hồ Chí Minh.
Phạm Văn Đồng (March 1, 1906 – April 29, 2000) was an associate of Hồ Chí Minh.
Pierre Trudeau
Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau, usually known as Pierre Trudeau or Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and...
Joseph Philippe Pierre Yves Elliott Trudeau, usually known as Pierre Trudeau or Pierre Elliott Trudeau, was the 15th Prime Minister of Canada from April 20, 1968 to June 4, 1979, and...
Plaek Phibunsongkhram
Field Marshal Plaek Pibulsongkram (แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; July 14, 1897-June 11, 1964), often known as Phibun Songkhram or simply Phibun in English, was Prime Minister and virtual milita...
Field Marshal Plaek Pibulsongkram (แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; July 14, 1897-June 11, 1964), often known as Phibun Songkhram or simply Phibun in English, was Prime Minister and virtual milita...
Plaek Pibulsonggram
Field Marshal Plaek Pibunsongkhram (แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; July 14, 1897-June 11, 1964), often known as Phibun Songkhram or simply Phibun in English, was Prime Minister and virtual milit...
Field Marshal Plaek Pibunsongkhram (แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; July 14, 1897-June 11, 1964), often known as Phibun Songkhram or simply Phibun in English, was Prime Minister and virtual milit...
Plaek Pibunsongkhram
Field Marshal Plaek Pibulsongkram (แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; July 14, 1897-June 11, 1964), often known as Phibun Songkhram or simply Phibun in English, was Prime Minister and virtual milita...
Field Marshal Plaek Pibulsongkram (แปลก พิบูลสงคราม ; July 14, 1897-June 11, 1964), often known as Phibun Songkhram or simply Phibun in English, was Prime Minister and virtual milita...
Pol Pot
Saloth Sar, better known as Pol Pot, was a Cambodian Maoist revolutionary who led the Khmer Rouge from 1963 until his death in 1998.
Saloth Sar, better known as Pol Pot, was a Cambodian Maoist revolutionary who led the Khmer Rouge from 1963 until his death in 1998.
Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II, born Karol Józef Wojtyła, reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 1978 until his death in 2005.
Blessed Pope John Paul II, born Karol Józef Wojtyła, reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 1978 until his death in 2005.
Pope Pius XII
The Venerable Pope Pius XII, born Eugenio Marìa Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, reigned as Pope, head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State, from 2 March 1939 until his dea...
The Venerable Pope Pius XII, born Eugenio Marìa Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, reigned as Pope, head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City State, from 2 March 1939 until his dea...
Rafael Trujillo
Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina, nicknamed El Jefe, ruled the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961.
Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina, nicknamed El Jefe, ruled the Dominican Republic from 1930 until his assassination in 1961.
Rafi Daham al-Tikriti
Rafi' Dahham Mejwel Al-Tikriti (رافع دحام مجول التكريتي) Saddam Hussein's second cousin, Member of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council, Director of the Iraqi Intelligence Service, the former...
Rafi' Dahham Mejwel Al-Tikriti (رافع دحام مجول التكريتي) Saddam Hussein's second cousin, Member of the Iraqi Revolutionary Command Council, Director of the Iraqi Intelligence Service, the former...
Ramon Magsaysay
Ramón Magsaysay y del Fierro was the seventh President of the Republic of the Philippines, serving from 30 December 1953 until his death in a 1957 aircraft disaster.
Ramón Magsaysay y del Fierro was the seventh President of the Republic of the Philippines, serving from 30 December 1953 until his death in a 1957 aircraft disaster.
Robert Menzies
Sir Robert Gordon Menzies, was an Australian politician and the 12th Prime Minister of Australia.
Sir Robert Gordon Menzies, was an Australian politician and the 12th Prime Minister of Australia.
Roberto D'Aubuisson
Major Roberto D'Aubuisson Arrieta, also known as Blowtorch Bob, was the Salvadoran Army officer and political leader who founded the Nationalist Republican Alliance, which he led from 1980 to 1985.
Major Roberto D'Aubuisson Arrieta, also known as Blowtorch Bob, was the Salvadoran Army officer and political leader who founded the Nationalist Republican Alliance, which he led from 1980 to 1985.
Rodrigues Mingas
Rodrigues Mingas is the leader of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC), a guerrilla separatist organization fighting Last...
Rodrigues Mingas is the leader of the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (FLEC), a guerrilla separatist organization fighting Last...
Ronald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States, serving from 1981 to 1989.
Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States, serving from 1981 to 1989.
Ruhollah Khomeini
Sayyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini was an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran.
Sayyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini was an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran.
Ryoichi Sasakawa
Ryoichi Sasakawa (笹川 良一 Sasakawa Ryōichi) (May 4, 1899 – July 18, 1995) was a Japanese businessman, politician and philanthropist born in Minoh, Osaka.
Ryoichi Sasakawa (笹川 良一 Sasakawa Ryōichi) (May 4, 1899 – July 18, 1995) was a Japanese businessman, politician and philanthropist born in Minoh, Osaka.
Rómulo Betancourt
Rómulo Ernesto Betancourt Bello (22 February 1908 – 28 September 1981), known as "The Father of Venezuelan Democracy", was President of Venezuela from 1945 to 1948 and again from 1959 to 1964, a...
Rómulo Ernesto Betancourt Bello (22 February 1908 – 28 September 1981), known as "The Father of Venezuelan Democracy", was President of Venezuela from 1945 to 1948 and again from 1959 to 1964, a...
Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.
Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.
Salvador Allende
Salvador Allende Gossens (; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and politician who is generally considered the first democratically elected Marxist to become president of ...
Salvador Allende Gossens (; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and politician who is generally considered the first democratically elected Marxist to become president of ...
Samora Machel
Samora Moisés Machel was a Mozambican military commander, revolutionary socialist leader and eventual President of Mozambique.
Samora Moisés Machel was a Mozambican military commander, revolutionary socialist leader and eventual President of Mozambique.
Samuel Doe
Samuel Kanyon Doe (May 6, 1951 – September 9, 1990) was the 21st President of Liberia, holding office from 1986 until his assassination in 1990.
Samuel Kanyon Doe (May 6, 1951 – September 9, 1990) was the 21st President of Liberia, holding office from 1986 until his assassination in 1990.
Shigeru Yoshida
Shigeru Yoshida, KCVO was a Japanese diplomat and politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1946 to 1947 and from 1948 to 1954.
Shigeru Yoshida, KCVO was a Japanese diplomat and politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from 1946 to 1947 and from 1948 to 1954.
Shintaro Ishihara
Shintaro Ishihara is a Japanese author and politician.
Shintaro Ishihara is a Japanese author and politician.
Shintarō Ishihara
Shintarō Ishihara is a Japanese author, actor, politician and the governor of Tokyo since 1999.
Shintarō Ishihara is a Japanese author, actor, politician and the governor of Tokyo since 1999.
Siad Barre
Mohamed Siad Barre was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991.
Mohamed Siad Barre was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991.
Son Sann
Son Sann was a Cambodian politician and anti-communist resistance leader.
Son Sann was a Cambodian politician and anti-communist resistance leader.
Souphanouvong
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 — January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the “Three Princes” who represented respec...
Prince Souphanouvong (July 13, 1909 — January 9, 1995) was, along with his half-brother Prince Souvanna Phouma and Prince Boun Oum of Champasak, one of the “Three Princes” who represented respec...
Souvanna Phouma
Prince Souvanna Phouma was the leader of the neutralist faction and prime minister of the Kingdom of Laos several times, from 1951–1954, 1956–1958, 1960 and 1962-1975.
Prince Souvanna Phouma was the leader of the neutralist faction and prime minister of the Kingdom of Laos several times, from 1951–1954, 1956–1958, 1960 and 1962-1975.
Suharto
Suharto was the second President of Indonesia, having held the office for 31 years from 1967 following Sukarno's removal until his resignation in 1998.
Suharto was the second President of Indonesia, having held the office for 31 years from 1967 following Sukarno's removal until his resignation in 1998.
Sylvanus Olympio
Sylvanus Epiphanio Olympio (6 September 1902 – 13 January 1963) was a Togolese political figure who served as Prime Minister, and then President, of Togo from 1958 until his assassination i...
Sylvanus Epiphanio Olympio (6 September 1902 – 13 January 1963) was a Togolese political figure who served as Prime Minister, and then President, of Togo from 1958 until his assassination i...
Syngman Rhee
Syngman Rhee or Yi Seungman (; ; March 26, 1875 – July 19, 1965) was the first president of South Korea.
Syngman Rhee or Yi Seungman (; ; March 26, 1875 – July 19, 1965) was the first president of South Korea.
Sōsuke Uno
Sōsuke Uno was a Japanese politician and the 75th Prime Minister of Japan from June 3, 1989 to August 10, 1989.
Sōsuke Uno was a Japanese politician and the 75th Prime Minister of Japan from June 3, 1989 to August 10, 1989.
Takeo Miki
Takeo Miki (三木 武夫 Miki Takeo March 17, 1907 November 4, 1988) was a Japanese politician and the 41st Prime Minister of Japan.
Takeo Miki (三木 武夫 Miki Takeo March 17, 1907 November 4, 1988) was a Japanese politician and the 41st Prime Minister of Japan.
Taro Nakayama
Taro Nakayama is a Japanese doctor and politician serving in the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature) as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Taro Nakayama is a Japanese doctor and politician serving in the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature) as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party.
Teruaki Masumoto
Teruaki Masumoto (増元照明, b. October 5, 1955 in Kagoshima Prefecture -) is the secretary general of the Japanese Association of the Families of Victims Kidnapped by North Korea, which advoc...
Teruaki Masumoto (増元照明, b. October 5, 1955 in Kagoshima Prefecture -) is the secretary general of the Japanese Association of the Families of Victims Kidnapped by North Korea, which advoc...
Thanom Kittikachorn
Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn (August 11, 1911 - June 16, 2004, Thai ถนอม กิตติขจร, ) was a military dictator of Thailand.
Field Marshal Thanom Kittikachorn (August 11, 1911 - June 16, 2004, Thai ถนอม กิตติขจร, ) was a military dictator of Thailand.
Todor Zhivkov
Todor Hristov Zhivkov; was the communist president of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989.
Todor Hristov Zhivkov; was the communist president of the People's Republic of Bulgaria from March 4, 1954 until November 10, 1989.
Tony da Costa Fernandes
Tony da Costa Fernandes (born c. 1943) served as the Foreign Minister of UNITA, a rebel group in Angola.
Tony da Costa Fernandes (born c. 1943) served as the Foreign Minister of UNITA, a rebel group in Angola.
Toshiki Kaifu
Toshiki Kaifu is a Japanese politician who was the 76th and 77th Prime Minister of Japan from 1989 to 1991.
Toshiki Kaifu is a Japanese politician who was the 76th and 77th Prime Minister of Japan from 1989 to 1991.
Trương Như Tạng
Trương Như Tảng (born 1923, Cholon, Vietnam) is a Vietnamese lawyer and politician living in France.
Trương Như Tảng (born 1923, Cholon, Vietnam) is a Vietnamese lawyer and politician living in France.
Urho Kekkonen
Urho Kaleva Kekkonen, was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland and later as the eighth President of Finland.
Urho Kaleva Kekkonen, was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland and later as the eighth President of Finland.
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing (; born 2 February 1926) is a French centre-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981.
Valéry Marie René Georges Giscard d'Estaing (; born 2 February 1926) is a French centre-right politician who was President of the French Republic from 1974 until 1981.
Wang Yunwu
Wang Yun Wu (王雲五) was born 1888 in Shanghai and was a famous Chinese scholar of history and political science, he was also a politician and invented Shih Chiao Hao Ma, a method of Chinese lexico...
Wang Yun Wu (王雲五) was born 1888 in Shanghai and was a famous Chinese scholar of history and political science, he was also a politician and invented Shih Chiao Hao Ma, a method of Chinese lexico...
William Lyon Mackenzie King
William Lyon Mackenzie King, PC, OM, CMG, also commonly known as Mackenzie King, was the dominant Canadian political leader from the 1920s through the 1940s.
William Lyon Mackenzie King, PC, OM, CMG, also commonly known as Mackenzie King, was the dominant Canadian political leader from the 1920s through the 1940s.
Willy Brandt
Willy Brandt, born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm (; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992), was a German politician, Mayor of West Berlin 1957–1966, Chancellor of West Germany 1969–1974...
Willy Brandt, born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm (; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992), was a German politician, Mayor of West Berlin 1957–1966, Chancellor of West Germany 1969–1974...
Wilson dos Santos
Fernando Wilson dos Santos (died 1991) served as the representative of UNITA, a rebel group in Angola, to Portugal.
Fernando Wilson dos Santos (died 1991) served as the representative of UNITA, a rebel group in Angola, to Portugal.
Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a British Conservative politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War.
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, was a British Conservative politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War.
Wojciech Jaruzelski
Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski is a retired Polish military officer and Communist politician.
Wojciech Witold Jaruzelski is a retired Polish military officer and Communist politician.
Yasuhiro Nakasone
Yasuhiro Nakasone is a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from November 27, 1982 to November 6, 1987.
Yasuhiro Nakasone is a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan from November 27, 1982 to November 6, 1987.
Yun Bo-seon
Yun Bo-seon was a Korean former independence activist and politician, and the President of South Korea from 1960 to 1962.
Yun Bo-seon was a Korean former independence activist and politician, and the President of South Korea from 1960 to 1962.
Yun Chi-Young
Yun Chi-Young was an Independent Activitist and politician of South Korea.
Yun Chi-Young was an Independent Activitist and politician of South Korea.
Yuri Andropov
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov was a Soviet politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 12 November 1982 until his death fifteen months later.
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov was a Soviet politician and the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 12 November 1982 until his death fifteen months later.
Zenko Suzuki
Zenko Suzuki (鈴木 善幸 Suzuki Zenkō; January 11, 1911 – July 19, 2004) was a Japanese politician and the 70th Prime Minister of Japan from July 17, 1980 to November 27, 1982.
Zenko Suzuki (鈴木 善幸 Suzuki Zenkō; January 11, 1911 – July 19, 2004) was a Japanese politician and the 70th Prime Minister of Japan from July 17, 1980 to November 27, 1982.
Zenkō Suzuki
Zenko Suzuki (鈴木 善幸 Suzuki Zenkō; January 11, 1911 – July 19, 2004) was a Japanese politician and the 70th Prime Minister of Japan from July 17, 1980 to November 27, 1982.
Zenko Suzuki (鈴木 善幸 Suzuki Zenkō; January 11, 1911 – July 19, 2004) was a Japanese politician and the 70th Prime Minister of Japan from July 17, 1980 to November 27, 1982.
Zhou Enlai
Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.
Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that, 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973.
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that, 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973.