SettingsCriminology
Acting out
Acting out is a psychological term from the parlance of defense mechanisms and self-control, meaning to perform an action in contrast to bearing and managing the impulse to perform it.
Acting out is a psychological term from the parlance of defense mechanisms and self-control, meaning to perform an action in contrast to bearing and managing the impulse to perform it.
Agent provocateur
Traditionally, an agent provocateur is an agent employed by the police or other entity to act undercover to entice or provoke another person to commit an illegal act.
Traditionally, an agent provocateur is an agent employed by the police or other entity to act undercover to entice or provoke another person to commit an illegal act.
Aging offender
An aging offender or an elderly offender in an individual over the age of 55 who breaks the law or is in prison.
An aging offender or an elderly offender in an individual over the age of 55 who breaks the law or is in prison.
Angel of Death (criminology)
An Angel of Death in criminal psychology refers to a specific type of serial killer, typically in health care, who murders patients under their care or whom they otherwise have access to as part...
An Angel of Death in criminal psychology refers to a specific type of serial killer, typically in health care, who murders patients under their care or whom they otherwise have access to as part...
Anthropological criminology
Anthropological criminology (sometimes referred to as criminal anthropology, literally a combination of the study of the human species and the study of criminals) is a field of offender pr...
Anthropological criminology (sometimes referred to as criminal anthropology, literally a combination of the study of the human species and the study of criminals) is a field of offender pr...
Anthropometry
Anthropometry (Greek anthropos (άνθρωπος - "man") and metron (μέτρον - "measure") therefore "measurement of man") refers to the measurement of the human individual.
Anthropometry (Greek anthropos (άνθρωπος - "man") and metron (μέτρον - "measure") therefore "measurement of man") refers to the measurement of the human individual.
Anti-social behaviour
Anti-social behaviour is behaviour that lacks consideration for others and may cause damage to the society, whether intentionally or through negligence.
Anti-social behaviour is behaviour that lacks consideration for others and may cause damage to the society, whether intentionally or through negligence.
Antisocial personality disorder
Antisocial personality disorder is described by the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fourth edition, as an Axis II personality disorder characterized by ...
Antisocial personality disorder is described by the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fourth edition, as an Axis II personality disorder characterized by ...
Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring
Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring, or ADAM, was a survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice to gauge the prevalence of alcohol and illegal drug use among prior arrestees.
Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring, or ADAM, was a survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice to gauge the prevalence of alcohol and illegal drug use among prior arrestees.
Battered woman defense
The battered woman defense is a defense used in court that the person accused of an assault / murder was suffering from battered person syndrome at the material time.
The battered woman defense is a defense used in court that the person accused of an assault / murder was suffering from battered person syndrome at the material time.
Battery (crime)
Battery is a criminal offense involving unlawful physical contact, distinct from assault which is the fear of such contact.
Battery is a criminal offense involving unlawful physical contact, distinct from assault which is the fear of such contact.
Berl Kutchinsky
Berl Kutchinsky (1935 - 1995) was a Danish Professor of Criminology at the University of Copenhagen.
Berl Kutchinsky (1935 - 1995) was a Danish Professor of Criminology at the University of Copenhagen.
Biosocial criminology
Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring both biological factors and environmental factors.
Biosocial criminology is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain crime and antisocial behavior by exploring both biological factors and environmental factors.
Blue-collar crime
In criminology, blue-collar crime is any crime committed by an individual from a lower social class as opposed to white-collar crime which is associated with crime committed by individuals of a ...
In criminology, blue-collar crime is any crime committed by an individual from a lower social class as opposed to white-collar crime which is associated with crime committed by individuals of a ...
Brain lesion theory
Brain lesion theory generally refers to the theory that brain tumors and seizures are associated with aggressive and/or violent behavior.
Brain lesion theory generally refers to the theory that brain tumors and seizures are associated with aggressive and/or violent behavior.
Broken windows theory
The broken windows theory is a criminological theory of the norm setting and signaling effect of urban disorder and vandalism on additional crime and anti-social behavior.
The broken windows theory is a criminological theory of the norm setting and signaling effect of urban disorder and vandalism on additional crime and anti-social behavior.
Causes and correlates of crime
Many different causes and correlates of crime have been proposed with varying degree of empirical support.
Many different causes and correlates of crime have been proposed with varying degree of empirical support.
Causes of sexual violence
There is no single theory that conclusively explains the causes of sexual violence; the motives of perpetrators can be multi-factorial and are the subject of debate.
There is no single theory that conclusively explains the causes of sexual violence; the motives of perpetrators can be multi-factorial and are the subject of debate.
Cesare Lombroso
Cesare Lombroso, born Ezechia Marco Lombroso was an Italian criminologist and physician, founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology.
Cesare Lombroso, born Ezechia Marco Lombroso was an Italian criminologist and physician, founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology.
Chicago school (sociology)
In sociology and later criminology, the Chicago School was the first major body of works emerging during the 1920s and 1930s specialising in urban sociology, and the research into the urban envi...
In sociology and later criminology, the Chicago School was the first major body of works emerging during the 1920s and 1930s specialising in urban sociology, and the research into the urban envi...
Classical school
The Classical School in criminology is usually a reference to the 18th-century work during the Enlightenment by the utilitarian and social contract philosophers Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria.
The Classical School in criminology is usually a reference to the 18th-century work during the Enlightenment by the utilitarian and social contract philosophers Jeremy Bentham and Cesare Beccaria.
Classification System for Serial Criminal Patterns
The Classification System for Serial Criminal Patterns is an artificial intelligence computer system that assists law enforcement officials in identifying links between serial crimes.
The Classification System for Serial Criminal Patterns is an artificial intelligence computer system that assists law enforcement officials in identifying links between serial crimes.
Clearance rate
In criminal justice, clearance rate is calculated by dividing the number of crimes that are "cleared" (a charge being laid) by the total number of crimes recorded.
In criminal justice, clearance rate is calculated by dividing the number of crimes that are "cleared" (a charge being laid) by the total number of crimes recorded.
Computational criminology
Computational criminology is an interdisciplinary field which uses computing science methods to formally define criminology concepts, improve our understanding of complex phenomena, and generate...
Computational criminology is an interdisciplinary field which uses computing science methods to formally define criminology concepts, improve our understanding of complex phenomena, and generate...
Conflict criminology
Largely based on the writings of Karl Marx, conflict criminology claims that crime is inevitable in capitalist societies, as invariably certain groups will become marginalised and unequal.
Largely based on the writings of Karl Marx, conflict criminology claims that crime is inevitable in capitalist societies, as invariably certain groups will become marginalised and unequal.
Constitutive criminology
Constitutive criminology is an affirmitive criminology theory posited by Stuart Henry and Dragan Milovanovic in Constitutive criminology: beyond postmodernism(1996) which was inspired by Ant...
Constitutive criminology is an affirmitive criminology theory posited by Stuart Henry and Dragan Milovanovic in Constitutive criminology: beyond postmodernism(1996) which was inspired by Ant...
Control fraud
Control fraud occurs when a trusted person in a high position of responsibility in a company, corporation, or state subverts the organization and engages in extensive fraud for personal gain.
Control fraud occurs when a trusted person in a high position of responsibility in a company, corporation, or state subverts the organization and engages in extensive fraud for personal gain.
Control theory (sociology)
Control Theory in sociology can either be classified as centralized or decentralized or neither.
Control Theory in sociology can either be classified as centralized or decentralized or neither.
Copycat crime
A copycat crime is a criminal act that is modelled or inspired by a previous crime that has been reported in the media or described in fiction.
A copycat crime is a criminal act that is modelled or inspired by a previous crime that has been reported in the media or described in fiction.
Corporate crime
In criminology, corporate crime refers to crimes committed either by a corporation, or by individuals acting on behalf of a corporation or other business entity.
In criminology, corporate crime refers to crimes committed either by a corporation, or by individuals acting on behalf of a corporation or other business entity.
Correlates of crime
Many different causes and correlates of crime have been proposed with varying degree of empirical support.
Many different causes and correlates of crime have been proposed with varying degree of empirical support.
Crime
Crime is the breach of rules or laws for which some governing authority (via mechanisms such as legal systems) can ultimately prescribe a conviction.
Crime is the breach of rules or laws for which some governing authority (via mechanisms such as legal systems) can ultimately prescribe a conviction.
Crime analysis
Crime analysis is a law enforcement function that involves systematic analysis for identifying and analyzing patterns and trends in crime and disorder.
Crime analysis is a law enforcement function that involves systematic analysis for identifying and analyzing patterns and trends in crime and disorder.
Crime mapping
Crime mapping is used by analysts in law enforcement agencies to map, visualize, and analyze crime incident patterns.
Crime mapping is used by analysts in law enforcement agencies to map, visualize, and analyze crime incident patterns.
Crime prevention
Crime prevention is the attempt to reduce victimization and to deter crime and criminals.
Crime prevention is the attempt to reduce victimization and to deter crime and criminals.
Crime prevention through environmental design
Crime prevention through environmental design is a multi-disciplinary approach to deterring criminal behavior through environmental design.
Crime prevention through environmental design is a multi-disciplinary approach to deterring criminal behavior through environmental design.
Crime science
Crime science is the study of crime in order to find ways to prevent it.
Crime science is the study of crime in order to find ways to prevent it.
Criminal psychology
Criminal psychology is the study of the wills, thoughts, intentions and reactions of criminals, all that partakes in the criminal behavior.
Criminal psychology is the study of the wills, thoughts, intentions and reactions of criminals, all that partakes in the criminal behavior.
Criminalization
Criminalization or criminalisation, in criminology, is "the process by which behaviors and individuals are transformed into crime and criminals".
Criminalization or criminalisation, in criminology, is "the process by which behaviors and individuals are transformed into crime and criminals".
Criminaloid
A criminaloid (from the word "criminal" and suffix -oid, meaning criminal-like) is a person who projects a respectable, upright facade, in an attempt to conceal a criminal personality.
A criminaloid (from the word "criminal" and suffix -oid, meaning criminal-like) is a person who projects a respectable, upright facade, in an attempt to conceal a criminal personality.
Criminology
Criminology (from Latin crīmen, "accusation"; and Greek, -logia) is the scientific study of the nature, extent, causes, and control of criminal behavior in both the individual and in so...
Criminology (from Latin crīmen, "accusation"; and Greek, -logia) is the scientific study of the nature, extent, causes, and control of criminal behavior in both the individual and in so...
Critical criminology
Critical criminology is a theoretical perspective in criminology which sees crime as a product of oppression.
Critical criminology is a theoretical perspective in criminology which sees crime as a product of oppression.
CSI effect
The CSI effect, is not known as the CSI syndrome and the CSI infection, is any of several ways in which the exaggerated portrayal of forensic science on crime television shows such a...
The CSI effect, is not known as the CSI syndrome and the CSI infection, is any of several ways in which the exaggerated portrayal of forensic science on crime television shows such a...
Cui bono
Cui bono ("To whose benefit?", literally "as a benefit to whom?", a double dative construction), also rendered as Cui prodest, is a Latin adage that is used either to suggest a hid...
Cui bono ("To whose benefit?", literally "as a benefit to whom?", a double dative construction), also rendered as Cui prodest, is a Latin adage that is used either to suggest a hid...
Cultural criminology
Cultural criminology is a theoretical, methodological, and interventionist approach to the study of crime that seeks to place crime and control in the context of its culture (Ferrell, Hayward, a...
Cultural criminology is a theoretical, methodological, and interventionist approach to the study of crime that seeks to place crime and control in the context of its culture (Ferrell, Hayward, a...
Dark figure of crime
The dark figure of (or for) crime is a term employed by criminologists and sociologists to describe the amount of unreported or undiscovered crime, which calls into question the reliability of o...
The dark figure of (or for) crime is a term employed by criminologists and sociologists to describe the amount of unreported or undiscovered crime, which calls into question the reliability of o...
Defensible Space Theory
The Defensible Space Theory of architect and city planner Oscar Newman encompasses ideas about crime prevention and neighborhood safety.
The Defensible Space Theory of architect and city planner Oscar Newman encompasses ideas about crime prevention and neighborhood safety.
Defensible space theory
The defensible space theory of architect and city planner Oscar Newman encompasses ideas about crime prevention and neighborhood safety.
The defensible space theory of architect and city planner Oscar Newman encompasses ideas about crime prevention and neighborhood safety.
Dei delitti e delle pene
Dei delitti e delle pene ( English: "On Crimes and Punishments") is a seminal treatise on legal reform written by the Italian philosopher and thinker Cesare Beccaria between 1763 and 1764.
Dei delitti e delle pene ( English: "On Crimes and Punishments") is a seminal treatise on legal reform written by the Italian philosopher and thinker Cesare Beccaria between 1763 and 1764.
Deterrence (psychological)
Deterrence is a theory from behavioral psychology about preventing or controlling actions or behavior through fear of punishment or retribution.
Deterrence is a theory from behavioral psychology about preventing or controlling actions or behavior through fear of punishment or retribution.
Deviance (sociology)
Deviance in a sociological context describes actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms including formally-enacted rules as well as informal violations of social norms.
Deviance in a sociological context describes actions or behaviors that violate cultural norms including formally-enacted rules as well as informal violations of social norms.
Differential association
In criminology, Differential Association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motive...
In criminology, Differential Association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motive...
Differential identification
Differential identification is a criminological theory which states that crime and/or deviance develops when the individual identifies more with the deviant group than with conforming members of...
Differential identification is a criminological theory which states that crime and/or deviance develops when the individual identifies more with the deviant group than with conforming members of...
Disorganized offender
In criminology, a disorganized offender, also sometimes called a maniac, is a classification of serial killer.
In criminology, a disorganized offender, also sometimes called a maniac, is a classification of serial killer.
Edward Morrell
Edward H. Morrell (1868–1946), commonly known as Ed Morrell, was an accomplice to the Evans and Sontag gang that robbed the Southern Pacific Railroad in California's San Joaquin Valley in the 1890s.
Edward H. Morrell (1868–1946), commonly known as Ed Morrell, was an accomplice to the Evans and Sontag gang that robbed the Southern Pacific Railroad in California's San Joaquin Valley in the 1890s.
Electronic harassment
Electronic harassment is a term referring to the use of electronic devices to harass, torture, and/or physically harm a person, not to be confused with cyberstalking.
Electronic harassment is a term referring to the use of electronic devices to harass, torture, and/or physically harm a person, not to be confused with cyberstalking.
Environmental criminology
Environmental criminology focuses on criminal patterns within particular built environments and analyzes the impacts of these external variables on people's cognitive behavior.
Environmental criminology focuses on criminal patterns within particular built environments and analyzes the impacts of these external variables on people's cognitive behavior.
Evil Genes
Evil Genes (ISBN 159102580X, ISBN 978-1591025801) is a book by Barbara Oakley, a systems engineer, about the neurological and social factors contributing to chronic antisocial behavior.
Evil Genes (ISBN 159102580X, ISBN 978-1591025801) is a book by Barbara Oakley, a systems engineer, about the neurological and social factors contributing to chronic antisocial behavior.
Fear of crime
The fear of crime refers to the fear of being a victim of crime as opposed to the actual probability of being a victim of crime.
The fear of crime refers to the fear of being a victim of crime as opposed to the actual probability of being a victim of crime.
Feminist school of criminology
The feminist school of criminology developed in the late 1960s and into the 1970s as a reaction against the gender distortions and stereotyping within traditional criminology.
The feminist school of criminology developed in the late 1960s and into the 1970s as a reaction against the gender distortions and stereotyping within traditional criminology.
Forensic science
Forensic science is the application of a broad spectrum of sciences to answer questions of interest to a legal system.
Forensic science is the application of a broad spectrum of sciences to answer questions of interest to a legal system.
Gang
A gang is a group of people who, through the organization, formation, and establishment of an assemblage, share a common identity.
A gang is a group of people who, through the organization, formation, and establishment of an assemblage, share a common identity.
Gender and crime
Attempts in various fields have tried to explore a possible relation between gender and crime.
Attempts in various fields have tried to explore a possible relation between gender and crime.
General strain theory
General strain theory is a theory of criminology developed by Robert Agnew.
General strain theory is a theory of criminology developed by Robert Agnew.
Geographic profiling
Geographic profiling is a criminal investigative methodology that analyzes the locations of a connected series of crimes to determine the most probable area of offender residence.
Geographic profiling is a criminal investigative methodology that analyzes the locations of a connected series of crimes to determine the most probable area of offender residence.
Glove prints
Glove prints, also sometimes described as gloveprints or glove marks, are latent prints that are transferred to a surface or object by an individual who is wearing gloves.
Glove prints, also sometimes described as gloveprints or glove marks, are latent prints that are transferred to a surface or object by an individual who is wearing gloves.
Illegitimate opportunity
Illegitimate opportunity theory holds that individuals commit crimes when the chances of being caught are low.
Illegitimate opportunity theory holds that individuals commit crimes when the chances of being caught are low.
Immigration and crime
Immigration and crime refers to perceived or actual relationships between crime and immigration.
Immigration and crime refers to perceived or actual relationships between crime and immigration.
Incarceration
Incarceration is the detention of a person in prison, typically as punishment for a crime (custodial sentence).
Incarceration is the detention of a person in prison, typically as punishment for a crime (custodial sentence).
Incivility
Incivility is a general term for social behaviour lacking in civility or good manners, on a scale from rudeness or lack of respect for elders, to vandalism and hooliganism, through public dr...
Incivility is a general term for social behaviour lacking in civility or good manners, on a scale from rudeness or lack of respect for elders, to vandalism and hooliganism, through public dr...
Inquest
An inquest is a judicial investigation in common law jurisdictions, conducted by a judge, jury, or government official.
An inquest is a judicial investigation in common law jurisdictions, conducted by a judge, jury, or government official.
Insanity defense
In criminal trials, the insanity defense is where the defendant claims that he or she was not responsible for his or her actions due to mental health problems (psychiatric illness or mental hand...
In criminal trials, the insanity defense is where the defendant claims that he or she was not responsible for his or her actions due to mental health problems (psychiatric illness or mental hand...
Integrative criminology
Integrative Criminology reacts against single theory or methodology approaches, and adopts an interdisciplinary paradigm for the study of criminology and penology.
Integrative Criminology reacts against single theory or methodology approaches, and adopts an interdisciplinary paradigm for the study of criminology and penology.
International Crime Victims Survey
Why victims surveys Reliable Crime statistics are hard to come by.
Why victims surveys Reliable Crime statistics are hard to come by.
Investigative psychology
Investigative psychology is the term given to a new area of applied psychology.
Investigative psychology is the term given to a new area of applied psychology.
Italian school of criminology
The Italian school of criminology was founded at the end of the 19th century by Cesare Lombroso (1835–1909) and two of his Italian disciples, Enrico Ferri (1856–1929) and Raffaele Garofalo (1851...
The Italian school of criminology was founded at the end of the 19th century by Cesare Lombroso (1835–1909) and two of his Italian disciples, Enrico Ferri (1856–1929) and Raffaele Garofalo (1851...
Juvenile delinquency
Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, or youth crime, is participation in illegal behavior by minors.
Juvenile delinquency, also known as juvenile offending, or youth crime, is participation in illegal behavior by minors.
Juvenile delinquency in the United States
This page is primarily concerned with juvenile delinquency in the United States.
This page is primarily concerned with juvenile delinquency in the United States.
Labeling theory
Labeling theory is closely related to social-construction and symbolic-interaction analysis.
Labeling theory is closely related to social-construction and symbolic-interaction analysis.
Left realism
Left Realist Criminology emerged out of Critical Criminology as a reaction against what was perceived to be the Left's failure to take a practical interest in everyday crime, leaving it to the R...
Left Realist Criminology emerged out of Critical Criminology as a reaction against what was perceived to be the Left's failure to take a practical interest in everyday crime, leaving it to the R...
Legalization
Legalization is the process of removing a legal prohibition against something which is currently not legal.
Legalization is the process of removing a legal prohibition against something which is currently not legal.
Legalized abortion and crime effect
The effect of legalized abortion on crime is the theory that legal abortion reduces crime.
The effect of legalized abortion on crime is the theory that legal abortion reduces crime.
Lockdown
There are several definitions for the term lockdown, the most common of which pertains to a state of containment or a restriction of progression.
There are several definitions for the term lockdown, the most common of which pertains to a state of containment or a restriction of progression.
Lockdown drill
Lockdown drills are means of practicing preparedness in a business in the event of an intruder or criminal act.
Lockdown drills are means of practicing preparedness in a business in the event of an intruder or criminal act.
Marginal deterrence
Marginal deterrence is a principle in theory of criminal justice, stating that a more severe crime should be punished harder than a lesser crime, and that a criminal committing multiple crimes s...
Marginal deterrence is a principle in theory of criminal justice, stating that a more severe crime should be punished harder than a lesser crime, and that a criminal committing multiple crimes s...
Market reduction approach
The Market reduction approach (MRA) has its origins in a 1995 British Journal of Criminology paper: Supply by Theft that was followed by a 1998 United Kingdom Government Home Office researc...
The Market reduction approach (MRA) has its origins in a 1995 British Journal of Criminology paper: Supply by Theft that was followed by a 1998 United Kingdom Government Home Office researc...
Marxist criminology
Marxist criminology is one of the schools of criminology.
Marxist criminology is one of the schools of criminology.
Meadow's law
Meadow's Law was a precept much in use until recently in the field of child protection, specifically by those investigating cases of multiple cot or crib death — SIDS — within a single family.
Meadow's Law was a precept much in use until recently in the field of child protection, specifically by those investigating cases of multiple cot or crib death — SIDS — within a single family.
Media violence research
Research into the media and violence examines whether links between consuming media violence and subsequent aggressive and violent behavior exists.
Research into the media and violence examines whether links between consuming media violence and subsequent aggressive and violent behavior exists.
Mike Sutton (criminologist)
Michael "Mike" Sutton (born 1959) is the originator of the Market Reduction Approach (MRA) to theft.
Michael "Mike" Sutton (born 1959) is the originator of the Market Reduction Approach (MRA) to theft.
Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment
The Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment was a study done in 1981-1982, led by Lawrence W. Sherman, to evaluate the effectiveness of various police responses to domestic violence calls in Mi...
The Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment was a study done in 1981-1982, led by Lawrence W. Sherman, to evaluate the effectiveness of various police responses to domestic violence calls in Mi...
Modus operandi
Modus operandi is a Latin phrase, approximately translated as "mode of operation".
Modus operandi is a Latin phrase, approximately translated as "mode of operation".
Moral enterprise
Moral enterprise, a concept theory taken from the book Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance by Howard S. Becker within labelling theory, is an interest in how rules are produced a...
Moral enterprise, a concept theory taken from the book Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance by Howard S. Becker within labelling theory, is an interest in how rules are produced a...
Murder conviction without a body
Conviction for murder in the absence of a body is possible; although historically, cases of this type have been hard to prove, the prosecution must rely on other evidence, usually circumstantial.
Conviction for murder in the absence of a body is possible; although historically, cases of this type have been hard to prove, the prosecution must rely on other evidence, usually circumstantial.
National Museum of Crime & Punishment
The National Museum of Crime & Punishment is a privately owned museum dedicated to the history of criminology and penology in America.
The National Museum of Crime & Punishment is a privately owned museum dedicated to the history of criminology and penology in America.
Neo-classical school
In criminology, the Neo-Classical School continues the traditions of the Classical School within the framework of Right Realism.
In criminology, the Neo-Classical School continues the traditions of the Classical School within the framework of Right Realism.
Neofeudalism
Neofeudalism (literally new feudalism – the terms are used interchangeably in the literature) refers to a theorized contemporary rebirth of policies of governance, economy and public life ...
Neofeudalism (literally new feudalism – the terms are used interchangeably in the literature) refers to a theorized contemporary rebirth of policies of governance, economy and public life ...
Neurocriminology
Neurocriminology a sub-discipline of Criminology which applies neuroscience techniques to probe the causes and cures of crime.
Neurocriminology a sub-discipline of Criminology which applies neuroscience techniques to probe the causes and cures of crime.
Nurturant strategy
Nurturant strategy is a crime prevention strategy that attempts to prevent development of crime through nurturing actions as part of early childhood intervention.
Nurturant strategy is a crime prevention strategy that attempts to prevent development of crime through nurturing actions as part of early childhood intervention.
Organi-cultural Deviance
Organi-cultural deviance is a newly recognized and accepted social philosophical term used in academia and corporate criminology.
Organi-cultural deviance is a newly recognized and accepted social philosophical term used in academia and corporate criminology.
Peacemaking criminology
Peacemaking criminology is a non-violent movement against oppression, social injustice and violence as found within criminology, criminal justice and society in general.
Peacemaking criminology is a non-violent movement against oppression, social injustice and violence as found within criminology, criminal justice and society in general.
Penal populism
Penal populism is a process whereby the major political parties compete with each other to be 'tough on crime'.
Penal populism is a process whereby the major political parties compete with each other to be 'tough on crime'.
Perfect crime
Perfect crime is a colloquial term used in law and fiction (principally crime fiction) to characterize crimes that are undetected, unattributed to a perpetrator, or else unsolved as a kind of te...
Perfect crime is a colloquial term used in law and fiction (principally crime fiction) to characterize crimes that are undetected, unattributed to a perpetrator, or else unsolved as a kind of te...
Phenomenological criminology
Phenomenological criminology is an outlook on the causation of crime.
Phenomenological criminology is an outlook on the causation of crime.
Philippine College of Criminology
The Philippine College of Criminology (PCCr) is a college school located in the City of Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines.
The Philippine College of Criminology (PCCr) is a college school located in the City of Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Phrenology
Phrenology is a pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, spe...
Phrenology is a pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, spe...
Physiognomy
Physiognomy is the assessment of a person's character or personality from his outer appearance, especially the face.
Physiognomy is the assessment of a person's character or personality from his outer appearance, especially the face.
Polycrates complex
In psychology, a Polycrates Complex is a desire to be punished.
In psychology, a Polycrates Complex is a desire to be punished.
Positivist school
In criminology, the Positivist School has attempted to find scientific objectivity for the measurement and quantification of criminal behavior.
In criminology, the Positivist School has attempted to find scientific objectivity for the measurement and quantification of criminal behavior.
Postmodernist school
In criminology the Postmodernist School applies postmodernism to the study of crime and criminals, and understands "criminality" as a product of the power to limit the behaviour of those individ...
In criminology the Postmodernist School applies postmodernism to the study of crime and criminals, and understands "criminality" as a product of the power to limit the behaviour of those individ...
Primary deviance
Primary deviance is the first stage in a theory of deviant identity formation.
Primary deviance is the first stage in a theory of deviant identity formation.
Prison gang
Prison gang is a term used to denote any type of gang activity in prisons and correctional facilities.
Prison gang is a term used to denote any type of gang activity in prisons and correctional facilities.
Prison reform
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons,prisners have very colorful ways to get drugs into prison, aiming at a more effective penal system.
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons,prisners have very colorful ways to get drugs into prison, aiming at a more effective penal system.
Problem-solving courts
Problem-solving courts address the underlying problems that contribute to criminal behavior and are a current trend in the legal system of the United States.
Problem-solving courts address the underlying problems that contribute to criminal behavior and are a current trend in the legal system of the United States.
Problem-solving courts in the United States
Problem-solving courts address the underlying problems that contribute to criminal behavior and are a current trend in the legal system of the United States.
Problem-solving courts address the underlying problems that contribute to criminal behavior and are a current trend in the legal system of the United States.
Psychoanalytic criminology
Psychoanalytic criminology is a method of studying crime and criminal behaviour that draws from Freudian psychoanalysis.
Psychoanalytic criminology is a method of studying crime and criminal behaviour that draws from Freudian psychoanalysis.
Psychopathy
Psychopathy ( from the Ancient Greek ψυχή "psyche", -soul, mind and πάθος, "pathos" -suffering, disease, condition) is a personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard fo...
Psychopathy ( from the Ancient Greek ψυχή "psyche", -soul, mind and πάθος, "pathos" -suffering, disease, condition) is a personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard fo...
Public order crime
In criminology public order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "...crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i...
In criminology public order crime is defined by Siegel (2004) as "...crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i...
Public-order crime
In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel as "...crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e. it...
In criminology, public-order crime is defined by Siegel as "...crime which involves acts that interfere with the operations of society and the ability of people to function efficiently", i.e. it...
Pyrrhic defeat theory
Pyrrhic defeat theory is the idea that those with the power to change a system, benefit from the way it currently works.
Pyrrhic defeat theory is the idea that those with the power to change a system, benefit from the way it currently works.
Quantitative methods in criminology
Since the inception of the discipline, quantitative methods have provided the primary research methods for studying the distribution and causes of crime.
Since the inception of the discipline, quantitative methods have provided the primary research methods for studying the distribution and causes of crime.
Race and crime
An observed correlation between race and crime has been noted in a number of countries that have relatively multicultural populations as well as between different geographical world regions corr...
An observed correlation between race and crime has been noted in a number of countries that have relatively multicultural populations as well as between different geographical world regions corr...
Race and crime in the United States
The relationship between race and crime in the United States has been a topic of public controversy and scholarly debate for more than a century.
The relationship between race and crime in the United States has been a topic of public controversy and scholarly debate for more than a century.
Racial hoax
A racial hoax is a hoax that occurs "when someone fabricates a crime and blames it on another person because of their
Race or when an actual crime has been committed and the perpetrator falsel...
A racial hoax is a hoax that occurs "when someone fabricates a crime and blames it on another person because of their
Race or when an actual crime has been committed and the perpetrator falsel...
Radical criminology
Radical criminology holds that crime is caused by the social and economic forces of society.
Radical criminology holds that crime is caused by the social and economic forces of society.
Rational choice theory (criminology)
In criminology, the rational choice theory adopts a utilitarian belief that man is a reasoning actor who weighs means and ends, costs and benefits, and makes a rational choice.
In criminology, the rational choice theory adopts a utilitarian belief that man is a reasoning actor who weighs means and ends, costs and benefits, and makes a rational choice.
Recidivism
Recidivism is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that ...
Recidivism is the act of a person repeating an undesirable behavior after they have either experienced negative consequences of that behavior, or have been treated or trained to extinguish that ...
Reintegrative shaming
In criminology, the reintegrative shaming theory emphasizes the importance of shame in criminal punishment.
In criminology, the reintegrative shaming theory emphasizes the importance of shame in criminal punishment.
Religious abuse
Religious abuse refers to any abuse that is administered under the guise of religion and can include psychological trauma, harassment or humiliation on the basis of a victim's religion.
Religious abuse refers to any abuse that is administered under the guise of religion and can include psychological trauma, harassment or humiliation on the basis of a victim's religion.
Respect agenda
The Respect agenda was launched in September 2005 by Tony Blair in the United Kingdom.
The Respect agenda was launched in September 2005 by Tony Blair in the United Kingdom.
Restorative justice
Restorative Justice is an approach to justice that focuses on the needs of the victims and the offenders, as well as the involved community, instead of satisfying abstract legal principles or pu...
Restorative Justice is an approach to justice that focuses on the needs of the victims and the offenders, as well as the involved community, instead of satisfying abstract legal principles or pu...
Reynaldo Anzaldua Jr.
Reynaldo Anzaldua Jr. is an American author, college professor and organic farmer.
Reynaldo Anzaldua Jr. is an American author, college professor and organic farmer.
Right Realism
In criminology, Right Realism is the ideological polar opposite of Left Realism.
In criminology, Right Realism is the ideological polar opposite of Left Realism.
Risk and actuarial criminology
Risk and actuarial criminology, unlike many other theories of crime, does not focus on the causality of crime.
Risk and actuarial criminology, unlike many other theories of crime, does not focus on the causality of crime.
Risk factor (criminology)
Risk factor research has proliferated within the discipline of Criminology in recent years, based largely on the early work of Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck in the USA and David Farrington in the U...
Risk factor research has proliferated within the discipline of Criminology in recent years, based largely on the early work of Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck in the USA and David Farrington in the U...
Risk Management Authority
The Risk Management Authority is a Scottish public body, established by the Criminal Justice Act 2003.
The Risk Management Authority is a Scottish public body, established by the Criminal Justice Act 2003.
Rogues gallery
A rogues gallery (or rogues' gallery) is a police collection of pictures or photographs of criminals and suspects kept for identification purposes.
A rogues gallery (or rogues' gallery) is a police collection of pictures or photographs of criminals and suspects kept for identification purposes.
Role engulfment
In labeling theory, role engulfment refers to how a person's identity becomes based off a role the person assumes, superseding other roles.
In labeling theory, role engulfment refers to how a person's identity becomes based off a role the person assumes, superseding other roles.
Rossmo's formula
Rossmo's formula is a geographic profiling formula to predict where a serial criminal lives.
Rossmo's formula is a geographic profiling formula to predict where a serial criminal lives.
Routine activity theory
Routine activity theory is a sub-field of rational choice
And criminology
Developed by Marcus Felson
And Lawrence E. Cohen.
Routine activity theory is a sub-field of rational choice
And criminology
Developed by Marcus Felson
And Lawrence E. Cohen.
Sadistic personality disorder
Sadistic personality disorder is a diagnosis which appeared only in an appendix of the revised third edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental...
Sadistic personality disorder is a diagnosis which appeared only in an appendix of the revised third edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental...
Self-control theory of crime
The Self-control theory of crime, often referred to as the General Theory of Crime, is a criminological theory about the lack of individual self-control as the main factor behind criminal ...
The Self-control theory of crime, often referred to as the General Theory of Crime, is a criminological theory about the lack of individual self-control as the main factor behind criminal ...
Serial crime
Serial crime is generally defined as crimes in a serial or repetitive nature.
Serial crime is generally defined as crimes in a serial or repetitive nature.
Sexual assault
Sexual assault is an assault of a sexual nature on another person, or any sexual act committed without consent.
Sexual assault is an assault of a sexual nature on another person, or any sexual act committed without consent.
Sexual predator
The term sexual predator is used pejoratively to describe a person seen as obtaining or trying to obtain sexual contact with another person in a metaphorically "predatory" manner.
The term sexual predator is used pejoratively to describe a person seen as obtaining or trying to obtain sexual contact with another person in a metaphorically "predatory" manner.
Sexual violence
Sexual violence occurs throughout the world, although in most countries there has been little research conducted on the problem.
Sexual violence occurs throughout the world, although in most countries there has been little research conducted on the problem.
Sexually violent predator laws
In the United States, sexually violent predator (SVP) laws permit states or the federal government to (indefinitely) confine someone already in custody, even after the sentence (law) has been co...
In the United States, sexually violent predator (SVP) laws permit states or the federal government to (indefinitely) confine someone already in custody, even after the sentence (law) has been co...
Signal crime
Signal crime is a concept in reassurance policing.
Signal crime is a concept in reassurance policing.
Signature crime
A signature crime is a crime which exhibits characteristics idiosyncratic to specific criminals, known as signature aspects, signature behaviours or signature characteristics.
A signature crime is a crime which exhibits characteristics idiosyncratic to specific criminals, known as signature aspects, signature behaviours or signature characteristics.
Situational offender
In criminology the term situational offender is used in several meanings, their common denominator being nontypical character of the offense in question for the person according to some criteria.
In criminology the term situational offender is used in several meanings, their common denominator being nontypical character of the offense in question for the person according to some criteria.
Social bandits
Social bandit or social crime is a term invented by the historian Eric Hobsbawm in his 1959 book Primitive Rebels, a study of popular forms of resistance that also incorporate behavior...
Social bandit or social crime is a term invented by the historian Eric Hobsbawm in his 1959 book Primitive Rebels, a study of popular forms of resistance that also incorporate behavior...
Social control theory
In criminology, Social Control Theory Travis Hirschi fits into the Positivist School, Neo-Classical School, and, later, Right Realism.
In criminology, Social Control Theory Travis Hirschi fits into the Positivist School, Neo-Classical School, and, later, Right Realism.
Social disorganization theory
In sociology, the Social disorganization theory was one of the most important theories developed by the Chicago School, related to ecological theories.
In sociology, the Social disorganization theory was one of the most important theories developed by the Chicago School, related to ecological theories.
Sociobiological theories of rape
Sociobiological theories of rape are theories that explore to what degree, if any, evolutionary adaptations influence the psychology of rapists.
Sociobiological theories of rape are theories that explore to what degree, if any, evolutionary adaptations influence the psychology of rapists.
State crime
In criminology, state crime is activity or failures to act that break the state's own criminal law or public international law.
In criminology, state crime is activity or failures to act that break the state's own criminal law or public international law.
State-corporate crime
In criminology, the concept of state-corporate crime refers to crimes that result from Public-private partnership and inherent distorted relations of the state and the policies and practices of ...
In criminology, the concept of state-corporate crime refers to crimes that result from Public-private partnership and inherent distorted relations of the state and the policies and practices of ...
Strain theory (sociology)
Conformists accept society's goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving them.
Conformists accept society's goals and the socially acceptable means of achieving them.
Subcultural theory
In criminology, subcultural theory emerged from the work of the Chicago School on gangs and developed through the symbolic interactionism school into a set of theories arguing that certain group...
In criminology, subcultural theory emerged from the work of the Chicago School on gangs and developed through the symbolic interactionism school into a set of theories arguing that certain group...
Symbolic interactionism
Symbolic Interaction, or the ongoing use of language and gestures in anticipation of how the other will react; a conversation.Symbolic interactionism isn’t just talk.
Symbolic Interaction, or the ongoing use of language and gestures in anticipation of how the other will react; a conversation.Symbolic interactionism isn’t just talk.
Techniques of neutralization
Techniques of neutralization ("neutralisation" in Commonwealth countries) are a theoretical series of methods by which those who commit illegitimate acts temporarily neutralize certain values wi...
Techniques of neutralization ("neutralisation" in Commonwealth countries) are a theoretical series of methods by which those who commit illegitimate acts temporarily neutralize certain values wi...
The Roots of Evil
The Roots of Evil: A Social History of Crime and Punishment is a book written by Christopher Hibbert in 1963 which traces the development of the social justice system, mostly from an Eng...
The Roots of Evil: A Social History of Crime and Punishment is a book written by Christopher Hibbert in 1963 which traces the development of the social justice system, mostly from an Eng...
Transformative justice
Transformative justice is a general philosophical strategy for responding to conflicts.
Transformative justice is a general philosophical strategy for responding to conflicts.
UCL Jill Dando Institute
The UCL Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science (informally the Jill Dando Institute or the JDI) is an institute of crime science located in London, United Kingdom and a p...
The UCL Jill Dando Institute of Security and Crime Science (informally the Jill Dando Institute or the JDI) is an institute of crime science located in London, United Kingdom and a p...
Victim study
A victim study ( or victimization survey) (or victimization study) is a survey, such as the British Crime Survey, that asks a sample of people which crimes have been committed against them...
A victim study ( or victimization survey) (or victimization study) is a survey, such as the British Crime Survey, that asks a sample of people which crimes have been committed against them...
Victimless crime
A victimless crime is a term used to refer to actions that have been ruled illegal but do not directly violate or threaten the rights of another individual.
A victimless crime is a term used to refer to actions that have been ruled illegal but do not directly violate or threaten the rights of another individual.
Victimology
Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, including the relationships between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system — that is, the p...
Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, including the relationships between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system — that is, the p...
Virtual vandalism
Virtual vandalism is any attack on the virtual property of another, with the sole intention of causing disruption or destruction to said virtual property.
Virtual vandalism is any attack on the virtual property of another, with the sole intention of causing disruption or destruction to said virtual property.
White-collar crime
Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined by Edwin Sutherland as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation".
Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined by Edwin Sutherland as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation".
Workplace incivility
Workplace incivility has been defined as "low-intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm the target.
Workplace incivility has been defined as "low-intensity deviant behavior with ambiguous intent to harm the target.
Zemiology
Zemiology is the study of social harms.
Zemiology is the study of social harms.
Zero tolerance
Zero tolerance imposes automatic punishment for infractions of a stated rule, with the intention of eliminating undesirable conduct.
Zero tolerance imposes automatic punishment for infractions of a stated rule, with the intention of eliminating undesirable conduct.
Zero tolerance (schools)
A zero-tolerance policy in schools is a policy of punishing any infraction of a rule, regardless of accidental mistakes, ignorance, or extenuating circumstances.
A zero-tolerance policy in schools is a policy of punishing any infraction of a rule, regardless of accidental mistakes, ignorance, or extenuating circumstances.