SettingsHistory of economic thought
A History of Money and Banking in the United States (book)
A History of Money and Banking in the United States is a book by economist Murray Rothbard.
A History of Money and Banking in the United States is a book by economist Murray Rothbard.
Abu al-Fadl Ja'far ibn 'Ali al-Dimashqi
Abū al-Faḍl Jaʻfar ibn ʻAlī al-Dimashqī (أبو الفضل جعفر بن علي الدمشقي; fl.
Abū al-Faḍl Jaʻfar ibn ʻAlī al-Dimashqī (أبو الفضل جعفر بن علي الدمشقي; fl.
American School (economics)
The American School, also known as "National System", represents three different yet related constructs in politics, policy and philosophy.
The American School, also known as "National System", represents three different yet related constructs in politics, policy and philosophy.
An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought
An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought is a work of economic history written by Murray N. Rothbard.
An Austrian Perspective on the History of Economic Thought is a work of economic history written by Murray N. Rothbard.
British Banking School
The British Banking School was a group of British 19th century economists who wrote on monetary and banking issues.
The British Banking School was a group of British 19th century economists who wrote on monetary and banking issues.
British Currency School
The British Currency School was a group of British economists, active in the 1840s and 1850s, who argued that the excessive issuing of banknotes was a major cause of price inflation, and believe...
The British Currency School was a group of British economists, active in the 1840s and 1850s, who argued that the excessive issuing of banknotes was a major cause of price inflation, and believe...
Bullionism
Bullionism is an economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned.
Bullionism is an economic theory that defines wealth by the amount of precious metals owned.
Cafeteria group
The "cafeteria group" was an informal club at the University of Cambridge consisting of John Maynard Keynes, Frank P. Ramsey, Piero Sraffa and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
The "cafeteria group" was an informal club at the University of Cambridge consisting of John Maynard Keynes, Frank P. Ramsey, Piero Sraffa and Ludwig Wittgenstein.
Cameralism
Cameralism (Kameralwissenschaft) was a German science of administration.
Cameralism (Kameralwissenschaft) was a German science of administration.
Chrematistics
Chrematistics (from Greek: χρηματιστική) according to Thales of Miletus is the art of getting rich.
Chrematistics (from Greek: χρηματιστική) according to Thales of Miletus is the art of getting rich.
Classical economics
Classical economics is widely regarded as the first modern school of economic thought.
Classical economics is widely regarded as the first modern school of economic thought.
Cobdenism
Cobdenism is an economic theory, focusing on the free market and free trade named for the British statesman and economist Richard Cobden.
Cobdenism is an economic theory, focusing on the free market and free trade named for the British statesman and economist Richard Cobden.
Conimbricenses
Conimbricenses or Collegium Conimbricenses is the name by which Jesuits of the University of Coimbra in Coimbra, Portugal were known.
Conimbricenses or Collegium Conimbricenses is the name by which Jesuits of the University of Coimbra in Coimbra, Portugal were known.
Cost-of-production theory of value
In economics, the cost-of-production theory of value is the theory that the price of an object or condition is determined by the sum of the cost of the resources that went into making it.
In economics, the cost-of-production theory of value is the theory that the price of an object or condition is determined by the sum of the cost of the resources that went into making it.
Criticisms of the labour theory of value
Criticisms of the labour theory of value often arise from an economic criticism of Marxism.
Criticisms of the labour theory of value often arise from an economic criticism of Marxism.
Economic calculation problem
The economic calculation problem is a criticism of central economic planning.
The economic calculation problem is a criticism of central economic planning.
Economic nationalism
Economic nationalism is a term used to describe policies which emphasize domestic control of the economy, labor and capital formation, even if this requires the imposition of tariffs and other ...
Economic nationalism is a term used to describe policies which emphasize domestic control of the economy, labor and capital formation, even if this requires the imposition of tariffs and other ...
English historical school of economics
The English historical school of economics, although not nearly as famous as its German counterpart, sought a return of inductive methods in economics, following the triumph of the deductive app...
The English historical school of economics, although not nearly as famous as its German counterpart, sought a return of inductive methods in economics, following the triumph of the deductive app...
European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy
The European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy is a pluralist forum of social scientists that brings together the theorists and theoretical traditions to develop a more realistic an...
The European Association for Evolutionary Political Economy is a pluralist forum of social scientists that brings together the theorists and theoretical traditions to develop a more realistic an...
Exchange value
In political economy and especially Marxian economics, exchange value refers to one of four major attributes of a commodity, i.e., an item or service produced for, and sold on the market.
In political economy and especially Marxian economics, exchange value refers to one of four major attributes of a commodity, i.e., an item or service produced for, and sold on the market.
Heterodox macroeconomics
In the history of macroeconomics, heterodox macroeconomics includes a number of theories, schools, or traditions that deviate from mainstream economics.
In the history of macroeconomics, heterodox macroeconomics includes a number of theories, schools, or traditions that deviate from mainstream economics.
Historical school of economics
The Historical school of economics was an approach to academic economics and to public administration that emerged in 19th century in Germany, and held sway there until well into the 20th century.
The Historical school of economics was an approach to academic economics and to public administration that emerged in 19th century in Germany, and held sway there until well into the 20th century.
History of capitalist theory
A theory of capitalism describes the essential features of capitalism and how it functions.
A theory of capitalism describes the essential features of capitalism and how it functions.
History of economic thought
The history of economic thought deals with different thinkers and theories in the subject that became political economy and economics from the ancient world to the present day.
The history of economic thought deals with different thinkers and theories in the subject that became political economy and economics from the ancient world to the present day.
Ibn Khaldun
Ibn Khaldūn or Ibn Khaldoun (full name, أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي,, May 27, 1332 AD/732 AH – March 19, 1406 AD/808 AH) was a muslim historiographer and historian who is ...
Ibn Khaldūn or Ibn Khaldoun (full name, أبو زيد عبد الرحمن بن محمد بن خلدون الحضرمي,, May 27, 1332 AD/732 AH – March 19, 1406 AD/808 AH) was a muslim historiographer and historian who is ...
Iron Law of Wages
The iron law of wages, is a proposed law of economics that asserts that real wages always tend, in the long run, toward the minimum wage necessary to sustain the life of the worker.
The iron law of wages, is a proposed law of economics that asserts that real wages always tend, in the long run, toward the minimum wage necessary to sustain the life of the worker.
Iron law of wages
The iron law of wages is a proposed law of economics that asserts that real wages always tend, in the long run, toward the minimum wage necessary to sustain the life of the worker.
The iron law of wages is a proposed law of economics that asserts that real wages always tend, in the long run, toward the minimum wage necessary to sustain the life of the worker.
Just price
The just price is a theory of ethics in economics that attempts to set standards of fairness in transactions.
The just price is a theory of ethics in economics that attempts to set standards of fairness in transactions.
Labor theory of value
The labor theories of value (LTV) are heterodox economic theories of value which argue that the value of a commodity is related to the labor needed to produce or obtain that commodity.
The labor theories of value (LTV) are heterodox economic theories of value which argue that the value of a commodity is related to the labor needed to produce or obtain that commodity.
Lausanne School
The Lausanne School of economics, sometimes referred to as the Mathematical School, refers to the neoclassical economics school of thought surrounding Léon Walras and Vilfredo Pareto.
The Lausanne School of economics, sometimes referred to as the Mathematical School, refers to the neoclassical economics school of thought surrounding Léon Walras and Vilfredo Pareto.
Malthusianism
Malthusianism refers primarily to ideas derived from the political/economic thought of Reverend Thomas Robert Malthus, as laid out initially in his 1798 writings, An Essay on the Principle of ...
Malthusianism refers primarily to ideas derived from the political/economic thought of Reverend Thomas Robert Malthus, as laid out initially in his 1798 writings, An Essay on the Principle of ...
Manchester capitalism
Manchester Capitalism, Manchester School, Manchester Liberalism, and Manchesterism are terms for the political, economic, and social movements of the 19th century that originat...
Manchester Capitalism, Manchester School, Manchester Liberalism, and Manchesterism are terms for the political, economic, and social movements of the 19th century that originat...
Marginal utility
In economics, the marginal utility of a good or service is the gain from an increase in the consumption of that good or service.
In economics, the marginal utility of a good or service is the gain from an increase in the consumption of that good or service.
Means of production
Means of production refers to physical, non-human inputs used in production—the factories, machines, and tools used to produce wealth — along with both infrastructural capital and natural capital.
Means of production refers to physical, non-human inputs used in production—the factories, machines, and tools used to produce wealth — along with both infrastructural capital and natural capital.
Mercantilism
Mercantilism is the economic doctrine in which government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and military security of the state.
Mercantilism is the economic doctrine in which government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and military security of the state.
Methodenstreit
Methodenstreit is a German term (lit.
Methodenstreit is a German term (lit.
Neo-Malthusianism
Neo-malthusianism was originally used to mean population limitation by birth control and/or abortion.
Neo-malthusianism was originally used to mean population limitation by birth control and/or abortion.
Neoclassical synthesis
Neoclassical synthesis is a postwar academic movement in economics that attempts to absorb the macroeconomic thought of John Maynard Keynes into the thought of neoclassical economics.
Neoclassical synthesis is a postwar academic movement in economics that attempts to absorb the macroeconomic thought of John Maynard Keynes into the thought of neoclassical economics.
Okishio's theorem
Okishio's theorem is a mathematical theorem formulated by Japanese economist Nobuo Okishio.
Okishio's theorem is a mathematical theorem formulated by Japanese economist Nobuo Okishio.
Physiocracy
Physiocracy is an economic theory developed by the Physiocrats, a group of economists who believed that the wealth of nations was derived solely from the value of "land agriculture" or "land dev...
Physiocracy is an economic theory developed by the Physiocrats, a group of economists who believed that the wealth of nations was derived solely from the value of "land agriculture" or "land dev...
Political Economy Club
The Political Economy Club was founded by James Mill and a circle of friends in 1821 in London, for the purpose of coming to an agreement on the fundamental principles of political economy.
The Political Economy Club was founded by James Mill and a circle of friends in 1821 in London, for the purpose of coming to an agreement on the fundamental principles of political economy.
Principles of Political Economy
Principles of Political Economy (1848) by John Stuart Mill was arguably the most important economics or political economy textbook of the mid nineteenth century.
Principles of Political Economy (1848) by John Stuart Mill was arguably the most important economics or political economy textbook of the mid nineteenth century.
Principles of Political Economy (Malthus)
Principles of Political Economy (1820) was a successful book by Thomas Malthus (1766-1834).
Principles of Political Economy (1820) was a successful book by Thomas Malthus (1766-1834).
Report on Manufactures
The Report on Manufactures is the third report, and magnum opus, of American Founding Father and 1st U.S. Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton.
The Report on Manufactures is the third report, and magnum opus, of American Founding Father and 1st U.S. Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton.
Saltwater and freshwater economics
In economics, the freshwater school comprises macroeconomists who, in the early 1970s, challenged the prevailing consensus in macroeconomics research.
In economics, the freshwater school comprises macroeconomists who, in the early 1970s, challenged the prevailing consensus in macroeconomics research.
Say's law
Say's law, or the law of market, is an economic principle of classical economics named after the French businessman and economist Jean-Baptiste Say, who stated that "products are paid for ...
Say's law, or the law of market, is an economic principle of classical economics named after the French businessman and economist Jean-Baptiste Say, who stated that "products are paid for ...
School of Salamanca
The School of Salamanca is the renaissance of thought in diverse intellectual areas by Spanish theologians, rooted in the intellectual and pedagogical work of Francisco de Vitoria.
The School of Salamanca is the renaissance of thought in diverse intellectual areas by Spanish theologians, rooted in the intellectual and pedagogical work of Francisco de Vitoria.
Schools of economic thought
Schools of economic thought describes the variety of approaches in the history of economic theory noteworthy enough to be described as a 'school of thought'.
Schools of economic thought describes the variety of approaches in the history of economic theory noteworthy enough to be described as a 'school of thought'.
Tableau économique
The Tableau économique or Economic Table is an economic model first described in François Quesnay in 1759, which lay the foundation of the Physiocrats’ economic theories.
The Tableau économique or Economic Table is an economic model first described in François Quesnay in 1759, which lay the foundation of the Physiocrats’ economic theories.
Tendency of the rate of profit to fall
The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of Das Kapital, Volume 3.
The tendency of the rate of profit to fall (TRPF) is a hypothesis in economics and political economy, most famously expounded by Karl Marx in chapter 13 of Das Kapital, Volume 3.
The dismal science
"The dismal science" is a derogatory alternative name for economics devised by the Victorian historian Thomas Carlyle in the 19th century.
"The dismal science" is a derogatory alternative name for economics devised by the Victorian historian Thomas Carlyle in the 19th century.
The labor problem
"The labor problem" is an economics term widely used toward the turn of the twentieth century with various applications.
"The labor problem" is an economics term widely used toward the turn of the twentieth century with various applications.
Theory of imputation
In economics, the theory of imputation, first expounded by Carl Menger, maintains that factor prices are determined by output prices.
In economics, the theory of imputation, first expounded by Carl Menger, maintains that factor prices are determined by output prices.
Unto This Last
Unto This Last is an essay on economy by John Ruskin, first published in December 1860 in the monthly journal Cornhill Magazine in four articles.
Unto This Last is an essay on economy by John Ruskin, first published in December 1860 in the monthly journal Cornhill Magazine in four articles.
Use value
Use value or value in use is the utility of consuming a good; the want-satisfying power of a good or service in classical political economy.
Use value or value in use is the utility of consuming a good; the want-satisfying power of a good or service in classical political economy.
Wage-fund doctrine
The Wage-Fund Doctrine is an expression that comes from early economic theory that seeks to show that the amount of money a worker earns in wages, paid to them from a fixed amount of funds avail...
The Wage-Fund Doctrine is an expression that comes from early economic theory that seeks to show that the amount of money a worker earns in wages, paid to them from a fixed amount of funds avail...