SettingsHistory of neuroscience
Albert Einstein's brain
Albert Einstein's brain has often been a subject of research and speculation.
Albert Einstein's brain has often been a subject of research and speculation.
Albert von Kölliker
Albert von Kölliker (born Rudolf Albert Kölliker; July 6, 1817–November 2, 1905) was a Swiss anatomist and physiologist.
Albert von Kölliker (born Rudolf Albert Kölliker; July 6, 1817–November 2, 1905) was a Swiss anatomist and physiologist.
Alessandro Volta
Count Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Gerolamo Umberto Volta was an Italian physicist known especially for the invention of the battery in the 1800s.
Count Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Gerolamo Umberto Volta was an Italian physicist known especially for the invention of the battery in the 1800s.
Andreas Vesalius
Andreas Vesalius (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564) was a Flemish anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica (...
Andreas Vesalius (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564) was a Flemish anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica (...
Anthropometry
Anthropometry (Greek άνθρωπος, man, and μέτρον, measure, literally meaning measurement of humans), in physical anthropology, refers to the measurement of the human individual for the purposes of...
Anthropometry (Greek άνθρωπος, man, and μέτρον, measure, literally meaning measurement of humans), in physical anthropology, refers to the measurement of the human individual for the purposes of...
Approbativeness
Approbativeness is a faculty from the discipline of Phrenology.
Approbativeness is a faculty from the discipline of Phrenology.
Balloonist theory
Balloonist theory was a theory in early neuroscience that attempted to explain muscle movement by asserting that muscles contract by inflating with air or fluid.
Balloonist theory was a theory in early neuroscience that attempted to explain muscle movement by asserting that muscles contract by inflating with air or fluid.
Bereitschaftspotential
In neurology, the Bereitschaftspotential or BP (from German, "readiness potential"), also called the pre-motor potential or readiness potential (RP), is a measure of activity in ...
In neurology, the Bereitschaftspotential or BP (from German, "readiness potential"), also called the pre-motor potential or readiness potential (RP), is a measure of activity in ...
Boleslav Vladimirovich Likhterman
Boleslav Vladimirovich Likhterman (1902–1967) was a Soviet medical researcher.
Boleslav Vladimirovich Likhterman (1902–1967) was a Soviet medical researcher.
Carl Wernicke
Carl Wernicke (born 15 May 1848 in Tarnowitz, Upper Silesia, then Prussia, now Tarnowskie Góry, Poland – died 15 June 1905 in Gräfenroda, Germany) was a German physician, anatomist, psychiatris...
Carl Wernicke (born 15 May 1848 in Tarnowitz, Upper Silesia, then Prussia, now Tarnowskie Góry, Poland – died 15 June 1905 in Gräfenroda, Germany) was a German physician, anatomist, psychiatris...
Cesare Lombroso
Cesare Lombroso, born Ezechia Marco Lombroso (6 November 1835 – 19 October 1909) was an Italian criminologist and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology.
Cesare Lombroso, born Ezechia Marco Lombroso (6 November 1835 – 19 October 1909) was an Italian criminologist and founder of the Italian School of Positivist Criminology.
Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard
Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard FRS (8 April 1817 – 2 April 1894), also known as Charles Edward, was a Mauritian physiologist and neurologist who, in 1850, became the first to describe...
Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard FRS (8 April 1817 – 2 April 1894), also known as Charles Edward, was a Mauritian physiologist and neurologist who, in 1850, became the first to describe...
Craniometry
Craniometry is the technique of measuring the bones of the skull.
Craniometry is the technique of measuring the bones of the skull.
Cranioscopy
Cranioscopy is a term created by Franz Joseph Gall, a German neuroanatomist and physiologist who was a pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain, to name his tech...
Cranioscopy is a term created by Franz Joseph Gall, a German neuroanatomist and physiologist who was a pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain, to name his tech...
David H. Hubel
David Hunter Hubel (born February 27, 1926) is the John Franklin Enders Professor of Neurobiology, Emeritus, at Harvard Medical School.
David Hunter Hubel (born February 27, 1926) is the John Franklin Enders Professor of Neurobiology, Emeritus, at Harvard Medical School.
Decade of the Brain
The Decade of the Brain was a designation for 1990-1999 by U.S. president George H. W. Bush as part of a larger effort involving the Library of Congress and the National Institute of Mental Heal...
The Decade of the Brain was a designation for 1990-1999 by U.S. president George H. W. Bush as part of a larger effort involving the Library of Congress and the National Institute of Mental Heal...
Donald O. Hebb
Donald Olding Hebb (July 22, 1904 – August 20, 1985) was a Canadian psychologist who was influential in the area of neuropsychology, where he sought to understand how the function of neuro...
Donald Olding Hebb (July 22, 1904 – August 20, 1985) was a Canadian psychologist who was influential in the area of neuropsychology, where he sought to understand how the function of neuro...
Erasistratus
Erasistratus (Ἐρασίστρατος; 304 BC – 250 BC) was a Greek anatomist and royal physician under Seleucus I Nicator of Syria.
Erasistratus (Ἐρασίστρατος; 304 BC – 250 BC) was a Greek anatomist and royal physician under Seleucus I Nicator of Syria.
Franz Joseph Gall
Franz Joseph Gall (9 March 175822 August 1828) was a neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain.
Franz Joseph Gall (9 March 175822 August 1828) was a neuroanatomist, physiologist, and pioneer in the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain.
Galen
Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus, better known as Galen of Pergamon, was a prominent Roman physician, surgeon and philosopher.
Aelius Galenus or Claudius Galenus, better known as Galen of Pergamon, was a prominent Roman physician, surgeon and philosopher.
Georg von Békésy
Georg von Békésy was a Hungarian biophysicist born in Budapest, Hungary.
Georg von Békésy was a Hungarian biophysicist born in Budapest, Hungary.
George Combe
George Combe (21 October 1788 – 14 August 1858), was a Scottish lawyer and writer on phrenology and education.
George Combe (21 October 1788 – 14 August 1858), was a Scottish lawyer and writer on phrenology and education.
Golgi's method
Golgi's method is a nervous tissue staining technique discovered by Italian physician and scientist Camillo Golgi (1843–1926) in 1873.
Golgi's method is a nervous tissue staining technique discovered by Italian physician and scientist Camillo Golgi (1843–1926) in 1873.
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz was a German anatomist, famous for consolidating the neuron theory of organization of the nervous system and for naming the chromosome.
Heinrich Wilhelm Gottfried von Waldeyer-Hartz was a German anatomist, famous for consolidating the neuron theory of organization of the nervous system and for naming the chromosome.
Hermann von Helmholtz
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (August 31, 1821 – September 8, 1894) was a German physician and physicist who made significant contributions to several widely varied areas of modern science.
Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz (August 31, 1821 – September 8, 1894) was a German physician and physicist who made significant contributions to several widely varied areas of modern science.
Herophilos
Herophilos, sometimes Latinized Herophilus (335-280 BC), was a Greek physician.
Herophilos, sometimes Latinized Herophilus (335-280 BC), was a Greek physician.
History of neuroimaging
The history of neuroimaging, began in the early 1900s with a technique called pneumoencephalography.
The history of neuroimaging, began in the early 1900s with a technique called pneumoencephalography.
Horsley–Clarke apparatus
The Horsley–Clarke apparatus is a device invented in 1908 by British neurosurgeon and scientist Sir Victor A.H. Horsley and his colleague Robert H. Clarke at University College London to a...
The Horsley–Clarke apparatus is a device invented in 1908 by British neurosurgeon and scientist Sir Victor A.H. Horsley and his colleague Robert H. Clarke at University College London to a...
Howard Dully
Howard Dully is one of the youngest recipients of the transorbital or "ice-pick" lobotomy, a procedure performed on him when he was 12 years old.
Howard Dully is one of the youngest recipients of the transorbital or "ice-pick" lobotomy, a procedure performed on him when he was 12 years old.
Hystero-epilepsy
Hystero-epilepsy is an alleged disease "discovered" by 19th-century French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot.
Hystero-epilepsy is an alleged disease "discovered" by 19th-century French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot.
Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (Ива́н Петро́вич Па́влов; February 27, 1936) was a famous Russian psychologist and physiologist.
Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (Ива́н Петро́вич Па́влов; February 27, 1936) was a famous Russian psychologist and physiologist.
Jakob Klaesi
Jakob Klaesi-Blumer (May 29, 1883 – August 17, 1980) was a Swiss psychiatrist most notable for his contributions to the sleep therapy and his phenomenological analysis of expression.
Jakob Klaesi-Blumer (May 29, 1883 – August 17, 1980) was a Swiss psychiatrist most notable for his contributions to the sleep therapy and his phenomenological analysis of expression.
James Olds
James Olds (May 30, 1922 in Chicago, Illinois - August 21, 1976 in California) was an American psychologist who co-discovered the reward center of the brain with Peter Milner while he was a post...
James Olds (May 30, 1922 in Chicago, Illinois - August 21, 1976 in California) was an American psychologist who co-discovered the reward center of the brain with Peter Milner while he was a post...
James Papez
James Papez (1883-1958) was an American neuroanatomist.
James Papez (1883-1958) was an American neuroanatomist.
Jan Evangelista Purkyně
Jan Evangelista Purkyně (; also written Johannes Evangelist Purkinje) (17 December 1787 - 28 July 1869) was a Czech anatomist and physiologist.
Jan Evangelista Purkyně (; also written Johannes Evangelist Purkinje) (17 December 1787 - 28 July 1869) was a Czech anatomist and physiologist.
Jean Lhermitte
Jacques Jean Lhermitte (January 20, 1877 - 1959) was a French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist.
Jacques Jean Lhermitte (January 20, 1877 - 1959) was a French neurologist and neuropsychiatrist.
Jean Pierre Flourens
Marie Jean Pierre Flourens (13 April 1794 – 6 December 1867), father of Gustave Flourens, was a French physiologist, the founder of experimental brain science and a pioneer in anesthesia.
Marie Jean Pierre Flourens (13 April 1794 – 6 December 1867), father of Gustave Flourens, was a French physiologist, the founder of experimental brain science and a pioneer in anesthesia.
Johann Spurzheim
Johann Gaspar Spurzheim (1776-1832) was a German physician who became one of the chief proponents of phrenology, a branch of the neurosciences created approximately in 1800 by Franz Joseph Gall ...
Johann Gaspar Spurzheim (1776-1832) was a German physician who became one of the chief proponents of phrenology, a branch of the neurosciences created approximately in 1800 by Franz Joseph Gall ...
Johannes Peter Müller
Johannes Peter Müller, was a German physiologist, comparative anatomist, and ichthyologist not only known for his discoveries but also for his ability to synthesize knowledge.
Johannes Peter Müller, was a German physiologist, comparative anatomist, and ichthyologist not only known for his discoveries but also for his ability to synthesize knowledge.
Joseph Babinski
Joseph Jules François Félix Babinski (17 November 1857 – 29 October 1932) was a French neurologist of Polish decent.
Joseph Jules François Félix Babinski (17 November 1857 – 29 October 1932) was a French neurologist of Polish decent.
Julius Caesar Aranzi
Julius Caesar Aranzi (Giulio Cesare Aranzio, Arantius) (1529/1530 – April 7, 1589) was a leading figure in the history of the science of human anatomy.
Julius Caesar Aranzi (Giulio Cesare Aranzio, Arantius) (1529/1530 – April 7, 1589) was a leading figure in the history of the science of human anatomy.
Karl H. Pribram
Karl H. Pribram is a professor at Georgetown University, and an emeritus professor of psychology and psychiatry at Stanford University and Radford University.
Karl H. Pribram is a professor at Georgetown University, and an emeritus professor of psychology and psychiatry at Stanford University and Radford University.
Korbinian Brodmann
Korbinian Brodmann (November 17, 1868 – August 22, 1918) was a German neurologist who became famous for his definition of the cerebral cortex into 52 distinct regions from their cytoarchitectoni...
Korbinian Brodmann (November 17, 1868 – August 22, 1918) was a German neurologist who became famous for his definition of the cerebral cortex into 52 distinct regions from their cytoarchitectoni...
Leucotome
A leucotome or McKenzie Leucotome is a surgical instrument used for performing leucotomies, lobotomies and other forms of psychosurgery.
A leucotome or McKenzie Leucotome is a surgical instrument used for performing leucotomies, lobotomies and other forms of psychosurgery.
Limbic system
The limbic system (or Paleomammalian brain) is a set of brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, septum, limbic cortex and fornix, which seemingly support ...
The limbic system (or Paleomammalian brain) is a set of brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, septum, limbic cortex and fornix, which seemingly support ...
Luigi Galvani
Luigi Aloisio Galvani was an Italian physician and physicist who lived and died in Bologna.
Luigi Aloisio Galvani was an Italian physician and physicist who lived and died in Bologna.
Marshall Hall (physiologist)
Marshall Hall FRS (1790–1857) was an English physician and physiologist.
Marshall Hall FRS (1790–1857) was an English physician and physiologist.
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery is a neurological hospital in London, United Kingdom and part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery is a neurological hospital in London, United Kingdom and part of the University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
Neuron doctrine
The neuron doctrine is a descriptive term for the fundamental concept that the nervous system is made up of discrete individual cells, a discovery due to decisive neuro-anatomical work of Santia...
The neuron doctrine is a descriptive term for the fundamental concept that the nervous system is made up of discrete individual cells, a discovery due to decisive neuro-anatomical work of Santia...
Nikolay Burdenko
Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko (Никола́й Ни́лович Бурде́нко; – 11 November 1946) was a Russian and Soviet surgeon of Ukrainian origin, the founder of the Russian neurosurgery.
Nikolay Nilovich Burdenko (Никола́й Ни́лович Бурде́нко; – 11 November 1946) was a Russian and Soviet surgeon of Ukrainian origin, the founder of the Russian neurosurgery.
Otfrid Foerster
Otfrid Foerster (9 November 1873 in Breslau, Silesia – 15 June 1941, also in Breslau) was a German neurologist and neurosurgeon, who made innovative contributions to neurology and neurosurgery, ...
Otfrid Foerster (9 November 1873 in Breslau, Silesia – 15 June 1941, also in Breslau) was a German neurologist and neurosurgeon, who made innovative contributions to neurology and neurosurgery, ...
Pasko Rakic
Pasko Rakic (Paško Rakić; born 1933, Ruma, Serbia) is a neuroscientist at Yale University.
Pasko Rakic (Paško Rakić; born 1933, Ruma, Serbia) is a neuroscientist at Yale University.
Phineas Gage
Phineas P. Gage (July 9?, 1823 – May 21, 1860) was an American railroad construction foreman now remembered for his improbable survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven comple...
Phineas P. Gage (July 9?, 1823 – May 21, 1860) was an American railroad construction foreman now remembered for his improbable survival of an accident in which a large iron rod was driven comple...
Phrenology
Phrenology is a pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, spe...
Phrenology is a pseudoscience primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, spe...
Physiognomy
Physiognomy (from the Gk. "physis" meaning 'nature' and "gnomon" meaning 'judge' or 'interpreter') is the assessment of a person's character or personality from their outer appearance, e...
Physiognomy (from the Gk. "physis" meaning 'nature' and "gnomon" meaning 'judge' or 'interpreter') is the assessment of a person's character or personality from their outer appearance, e...
Ralph W. Gerard
Ralph Waldo Gerard (7 October 1900 - 17 February 1974) was an American neurophysiologist and behavioral scientist known for his wide-ranging work on the nervous system, nerve metabolism, psychop...
Ralph Waldo Gerard (7 October 1900 - 17 February 1974) was an American neurophysiologist and behavioral scientist known for his wide-ranging work on the nervous system, nerve metabolism, psychop...
René Descartes
René Descartes ; was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic.
René Descartes ; was a French philosopher and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic.
Rita Levi-Montalcini
Rita Levi-Montalcini (born 22 April 1909), Knight Grand Cross is an Italian neurologist who, together with colleague Stanley Cohen, received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for th...
Rita Levi-Montalcini (born 22 April 1909), Knight Grand Cross is an Italian neurologist who, together with colleague Stanley Cohen, received the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for th...
Roger Wolcott Sperry
Roger Wolcott Sperry (August 20, 1913 – April 17, 1994) was a neuropsychologist, neurobiologist and Nobel laureate who, together with David Hunter Hubel and Torsten Nils Wiesel, won the 1981 Nob...
Roger Wolcott Sperry (August 20, 1913 – April 17, 1994) was a neuropsychologist, neurobiologist and Nobel laureate who, together with David Hunter Hubel and Torsten Nils Wiesel, won the 1981 Nob...
Samuel Goldflam
Samuel Wulfowicz Goldflam (Warsaw, February 22, 1852 – August 26, 1932) was a Polish neurologist best known for his brilliant 1893 analysis of myasthenia gravis (Erb-Goldflam syndrome).
Samuel Wulfowicz Goldflam (Warsaw, February 22, 1852 – August 26, 1932) was a Polish neurologist best known for his brilliant 1893 analysis of myasthenia gravis (Erb-Goldflam syndrome).
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
Santiago Ramón y Cajal ForMemRS (1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934) was a Spanish pathologist, histologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel laureate.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal ForMemRS (1 May 1852 – 17 October 1934) was a Spanish pathologist, histologist, neuroscientist, and Nobel laureate.
Stone of madness
The stone of folly or the stone of madness refers to a hypothetical procedure in the 15th century involving trepanation and extraction of a stone, thought to be the cause of the patient's ...
The stone of folly or the stone of madness refers to a hypothetical procedure in the 15th century involving trepanation and extraction of a stone, thought to be the cause of the patient's ...
Torsten Wiesel
Torsten Nils Wiesel (born June 3, 1924) was a Swedish co-recipient with David H. Hubel of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for their discoveries concerning information processing ...
Torsten Nils Wiesel (born June 3, 1924) was a Swedish co-recipient with David H. Hubel of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for their discoveries concerning information processing ...
Trepanning
Trepanning, also known as trephination, trephining or making a burr hole, is a surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull, exposing the ...
Trepanning, also known as trephination, trephining or making a burr hole, is a surgical intervention in which a hole is drilled or scraped into the human skull, exposing the ...
Ugo Cerletti
Ugo Cerletti (26 September 1877 - 25 July 1963) was an Italian neurologist who discovered the method of electroconvulsive therapy in psychiatry.
Ugo Cerletti (26 September 1877 - 25 July 1963) was an Italian neurologist who discovered the method of electroconvulsive therapy in psychiatry.
Vagusstoff
Vagusstoff (literally translated from German as "Vagus Stuff") refers to the substance released by stimulation of the vagus nerve which causes a reduction in the heart rate.
Vagusstoff (literally translated from German as "Vagus Stuff") refers to the substance released by stimulation of the vagus nerve which causes a reduction in the heart rate.
William Benjamin Carpenter
William Benjamin Carpenter MD CB FRS (29 October 1813 – November 19, 1885) was an English physician, invertebrate zoologist and physiologist.
William Benjamin Carpenter MD CB FRS (29 October 1813 – November 19, 1885) was an English physician, invertebrate zoologist and physiologist.