SettingsMolecular biology
Adaptor hypothesis
The adaptor hypothesis is part of a scheme to explain how information encoded in DNA is used to specify the amino acid sequence of proteins.
The adaptor hypothesis is part of a scheme to explain how information encoded in DNA is used to specify the amino acid sequence of proteins.
Affibody molecule
Affibody molecules are small proteins being developed by a Swedish biotechnology company, Affibody AB.
Affibody molecules are small proteins being developed by a Swedish biotechnology company, Affibody AB.
Affinity electrophoresis
Affinity electrophoresis is a general name for many analytical methods used in biochemistry and biotechnology.
Affinity electrophoresis is a general name for many analytical methods used in biochemistry and biotechnology.
Affinity magnetic separation
Affinitymagnetic separation is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate bacterial cells out of body fluid or cultured cells.
Affinitymagnetic separation is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate bacterial cells out of body fluid or cultured cells.
Agarose gel electrophoresis
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a method used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge and or size and in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixed population of DNA and ...
Agarose gel electrophoresis is a method used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge and or size and in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixed population of DNA and ...
Alkaline lysis
Alkaline lysis is a method used in molecular biology to break cells open to isolate plasmid DNA or other cell components such as proteins.
Alkaline lysis is a method used in molecular biology to break cells open to isolate plasmid DNA or other cell components such as proteins.
Allele-specific oligonucleotide
An allele-specific oligonucleotide is a short piece of synthetic DNA complementary to the sequence of a variable target DNA. It acts as a probe for the presence of the target in a Southern blot ...
An allele-specific oligonucleotide is a short piece of synthetic DNA complementary to the sequence of a variable target DNA. It acts as a probe for the presence of the target in a Southern blot ...
Alloenzyme
Alloenzymes are common biological enzymes that exhibit high levels of functional evolutionary conservation throughout specific phylas and kingdoms.
Alloenzymes are common biological enzymes that exhibit high levels of functional evolutionary conservation throughout specific phylas and kingdoms.
Alpha globulin
Alpha Globulins are a group of globular proteins in plasma, which are highly mobile in alkaline or electrically charged solutions.
Alpha Globulins are a group of globular proteins in plasma, which are highly mobile in alkaline or electrically charged solutions.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism
AFLP-PCR or just AFLP is a PCR-based tool used in genetics research, DNA fingerprinting, and in the practice of genetic engineering.
AFLP-PCR or just AFLP is a PCR-based tool used in genetics research, DNA fingerprinting, and in the practice of genetic engineering.
Analysis of molecular variance
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), is a statistical model for the molecular variation in a single species, typically biological.
Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), is a statistical model for the molecular variation in a single species, typically biological.
Anfinsen's dogma
Anfinsen's dogma is a postulate in molecular biology championed by the Nobel Prize Laureate Christian B. Anfinsen from his research on the folding of ribonuclease A. The dogma states that, at le...
Anfinsen's dogma is a postulate in molecular biology championed by the Nobel Prize Laureate Christian B. Anfinsen from his research on the folding of ribonuclease A. The dogma states that, at le...
Anillin
Anillin is a 124 kDa scaffolding protein.
Anillin is a 124 kDa scaffolding protein.
Ankyrin-G binding motif of KCNQ2-3
In molecular biology, the ankyrin-G binding motif of KCNQ2-3 is a protein motif found in the potassium channels KCNQ2 and KCNQ3.
In molecular biology, the ankyrin-G binding motif of KCNQ2-3 is a protein motif found in the potassium channels KCNQ2 and KCNQ3.
Antibody mimetic
Antibody mimetics are organic compounds that, like antibodies, can specifically bind antigens, but that are not structurally related to antibodies.
Antibody mimetics are organic compounds that, like antibodies, can specifically bind antigens, but that are not structurally related to antibodies.
Anticalin
Anticalins are artificial proteins that are able to bind to antigens, either to proteins or to small molecules.
Anticalins are artificial proteins that are able to bind to antigens, either to proteins or to small molecules.
Arc (protein)
Arc, for activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (also known as Arg3.1), is a plasticity protein first characterized in 1995.
Arc, for activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (also known as Arg3.1), is a plasticity protein first characterized in 1995.
Arthur M. Lesk
Arthur M. Lesk, is an accomplished protein science researcher, who is currently a professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Arthur M. Lesk, is an accomplished protein science researcher, who is currently a professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
ATP-binding cassette family
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family is a group of proteins which bind and hydrolyse ATP in order to transport substances across cellular membranes.
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family is a group of proteins which bind and hydrolyse ATP in order to transport substances across cellular membranes.
Avimer
Avimers (short for avidity multimers) are artificial proteins that are able to specifically bind to certain antigens via multiple binding sites.
Avimers (short for avidity multimers) are artificial proteins that are able to specifically bind to certain antigens via multiple binding sites.
B recognition element
The B recognition element is a DNA sequence found in the promoter region of most genes in eukaryotes and Archaea.
The B recognition element is a DNA sequence found in the promoter region of most genes in eukaryotes and Archaea.
Baby Gender Mentor
Baby Gender Mentor is the trade name of a controversial blood test designed to determine whether a pregnant woman is carrying a male or female child.
Baby Gender Mentor is the trade name of a controversial blood test designed to determine whether a pregnant woman is carrying a male or female child.
Bacterial artificial chromosome
A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a DNA construct, based on a functional fertility plasmid (or F-plasmid), used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E. coli.
A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) is a DNA construct, based on a functional fertility plasmid (or F-plasmid), used for transforming and cloning in bacteria, usually E. coli.
Bacterial conjugation
Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells.
Bacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacterial cells by direct cell-to-cell contact or by a bridge-like connection between two cells.
BglII
BglII is a type II restriction endonuclease enzyme isolated from certain strains of Bacillus globigii.
BglII is a type II restriction endonuclease enzyme isolated from certain strains of Bacillus globigii.
Biochip
The development of biochips is a major thrust of the rapidly growing biotechnology industry, which encompasses a very diverse range of research efforts including genomics, proteomics, and pharma...
The development of biochips is a major thrust of the rapidly growing biotechnology industry, which encompasses a very diverse range of research efforts including genomics, proteomics, and pharma...
Biodistribution
Biodistribution is a method of tracking where compounds of interest travel in an experimental animal or human subject.
Biodistribution is a method of tracking where compounds of interest travel in an experimental animal or human subject.
Biological pathway
A biological pathway is a number of biochemical steps, linked together, with a start and an end.
A biological pathway is a number of biochemical steps, linked together, with a start and an end.
BioModels Database
BioModels Database is a free and open-source database for storing, exchanging and retrieving published quantitative models of biological interest.
BioModels Database is a free and open-source database for storing, exchanging and retrieving published quantitative models of biological interest.
BioPAX
BioPAX is a RDF/OWL-based standard language to represent biological pathways at the molecular and cellular level.
BioPAX is a RDF/OWL-based standard language to represent biological pathways at the molecular and cellular level.
Biopolymer
Biopolymers are polymers prodshubham raiuced by living organisms.shubham rai shubham rai shubham raimonomeric]] units tshubham raihat are covalently bonded to form larger structures.
Biopolymers are polymers prodshubham raiuced by living organisms.shubham rai shubham rai shubham raimonomeric]] units tshubham raihat are covalently bonded to form larger structures.
Bis-peptide
Bis-peptides are analogues of peptides, but consist of bis-amino acids, which bear two carboxyl groups and two amino groups.
Bis-peptides are analogues of peptides, but consist of bis-amino acids, which bear two carboxyl groups and two amino groups.
Bisulfite sequencing
Bisulfite sequencing (also known as bisulphite sequencing) is the use of bisulfite treatment of DNA to determine its pattern of methylation.
Bisulfite sequencing (also known as bisulphite sequencing) is the use of bisulfite treatment of DNA to determine its pattern of methylation.
Blot (biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, a blot is a method of transferring proteins, DNA or RNA, onto a carrier.
In molecular biology and genetics, a blot is a method of transferring proteins, DNA or RNA, onto a carrier.
BpuJI
In molecular biology, BpuJI is a type II restriction endonuclease which recognises the asymmetric sequence 5'-CCCGT and cuts at multiple sites in the surrounding area of the target sequence.
In molecular biology, BpuJI is a type II restriction endonuclease which recognises the asymmetric sequence 5'-CCCGT and cuts at multiple sites in the surrounding area of the target sequence.
Btk-type zinc finger
In molecular biology, the Btk-type zinc finger or Btk motif is a conserved zinc-binding motif containing conserved cysteines and a histidine that is present in certain eukaryotic signalling proteins.
In molecular biology, the Btk-type zinc finger or Btk motif is a conserved zinc-binding motif containing conserved cysteines and a histidine that is present in certain eukaryotic signalling proteins.
C-myc mRNA
C-myc mRNA is a type of mRNA that serves as a template for the MYC protein which is implicated in the rapid growth of cancer cells.
C-myc mRNA is a type of mRNA that serves as a template for the MYC protein which is implicated in the rapid growth of cancer cells.
Cap analysis gene expression
Cap analysis gene expression is a technique used in molecular biology to produce a snapshot of the 5' end of the messenger RNA population in a biological sample.
Cap analysis gene expression is a technique used in molecular biology to produce a snapshot of the 5' end of the messenger RNA population in a biological sample.
Catalytic triad
A catalytic triad refers to the three amino acid residues found inside the active site of certain protease enzymes: serine (S), aspartate (D), and histidine (H).
A catalytic triad refers to the three amino acid residues found inside the active site of certain protease enzymes: serine (S), aspartate (D), and histidine (H).
CD133
CD133, originally known as AC133, is a glycoprotein also known in humans and rodents as Prominin 1.
CD133, originally known as AC133, is a glycoprotein also known in humans and rodents as Prominin 1.
CD90
Thy-1 or CD90 (Cluster of Differentiation 90) is a 25–37 kDa heavily N-glycosylated, glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored conserved cell surface protein with a single...
Thy-1 or CD90 (Cluster of Differentiation 90) is a 25–37 kDa heavily N-glycosylated, glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored conserved cell surface protein with a single...
cDNA library
A cDNA library is a combination of cloned cDNA (complementary DNA) fragments inserted into a collection of host cells, which together constitute some portion of the transcriptome of the organism.
A cDNA library is a combination of cloned cDNA (complementary DNA) fragments inserted into a collection of host cells, which together constitute some portion of the transcriptome of the organism.
Cell-cell interaction
Cell–cell interaction refers to the direct interactions between cells that play a role in the development and function of multicellular organisms.
Cell–cell interaction refers to the direct interactions between cells that play a role in the development and function of multicellular organisms.
Cell-free protein array
Cell-free protein array technology produces protein microarrays by performing in vitro synthesis of the target proteins from their DNA templates.
Cell-free protein array technology produces protein microarrays by performing in vitro synthesis of the target proteins from their DNA templates.
Cellular noise
Cellular noise refers to random variability in quantities within cellular biology.
Cellular noise refers to random variability in quantities within cellular biology.
Cfr10I/Bse634I
In molecular biology, the Cfr10I/Bse634I family of restriction endonucleases includes the type II restriction endonucleases Cfr10I and Bse634I. They exhibit a conserved tetrameric architecture t...
In molecular biology, the Cfr10I/Bse634I family of restriction endonucleases includes the type II restriction endonucleases Cfr10I and Bse634I. They exhibit a conserved tetrameric architecture t...
Chemotaxis assay
Chemotaxis assays are experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.
Chemotaxis assays are experimental tools for evaluation of chemotactic ability of prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells.
ChIP-exo
ChIP-exo is a chromatin immunoprecipitation based method for mapping the locations at which a protein of interest (transcription factor) binds to the genome.
ChIP-exo is a chromatin immunoprecipitation based method for mapping the locations at which a protein of interest (transcription factor) binds to the genome.
ChIP-on-chip
ChIP-on-chip (also known as ChIP-chip) is a technique that combines chromatin immunoprecipitation ("ChIP") with microarray technology ("chip").
ChIP-on-chip (also known as ChIP-chip) is a technique that combines chromatin immunoprecipitation ("ChIP") with microarray technology ("chip").
Christoph Cremer
Christoph Cremer is a German physicist and professor at the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, who has successfully overcome the conventional limit of resolution that applies to light based i...
Christoph Cremer is a German physicist and professor at the Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, who has successfully overcome the conventional limit of resolution that applies to light based i...
Chromatosome
A chromatosome is essentially a nucleosome with one bound linker histone.
A chromatosome is essentially a nucleosome with one bound linker histone.
Chromosome jumping
Chromosome jumping is a tool of molecular biology that is used in the physical mapping of genomes.
Chromosome jumping is a tool of molecular biology that is used in the physical mapping of genomes.
Chromosome landing
The genetic technique of chromosome landing is a method of cloning of a gene of interest from a clone library.
The genetic technique of chromosome landing is a method of cloning of a gene of interest from a clone library.
Cis-acting
In the field of molecular biology, cis-acting, in general, means "acting from the same molecule" (i.e.
In the field of molecular biology, cis-acting, in general, means "acting from the same molecule" (i.e.
CIT Program Tumor Identity Cards
The "Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs (CIT)" program (or 'Tumor Identity Cards'), launched and financed by the French charity "Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", aims at characterizing multiple typ...
The "Cartes d'Identité des Tumeurs (CIT)" program (or 'Tumor Identity Cards'), launched and financed by the French charity "Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer", aims at characterizing multiple typ...
Class II gene
A class II gene is a type of gene that codes for a protein.
A class II gene is a type of gene that codes for a protein.
Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence
The Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence or CAPS method is a technique in molecular biology for the analysis of genetic markers.
The Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence or CAPS method is a technique in molecular biology for the analysis of genetic markers.
Cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence
The cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence or CAPS method is a technique in molecular biology for the analysis of genetic markers.
The cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence or CAPS method is a technique in molecular biology for the analysis of genetic markers.
Clone manager
Clone Manager is a commercial bioinformatics software work suite of Sci-Ed, that supports molecular biologists with data management and allows to perform certain in silico preanalyis.
Clone Manager is a commercial bioinformatics software work suite of Sci-Ed, that supports molecular biologists with data management and allows to perform certain in silico preanalyis.
Cloning
Cloning in biology is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.
Cloning in biology is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria, insects or plants reproduce asexually.
Cloning vector
A cloning vector is a small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted.
A cloning vector is a small piece of DNA into which a foreign DNA fragment can be inserted.
Coding strand
When referring to DNA transcription, the coding strand is the DNA strand which has the same base sequence as the RNA transcript produced (although with thymine replaced by uracil).
When referring to DNA transcription, the coding strand is the DNA strand which has the same base sequence as the RNA transcript produced (although with thymine replaced by uracil).
Codon Adaptation Index
The Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) is the most widespread technique for analyzing Codon usage bias.
The Codon Adaptation Index (CAI) is the most widespread technique for analyzing Codon usage bias.
Codon usage bias
Codon usage bias refers to differences in the frequency of occurrence of synonymous codons in coding DNA. A codon is a series of three nucleotides (triplets) that encodes a specific amino acid r...
Codon usage bias refers to differences in the frequency of occurrence of synonymous codons in coding DNA. A codon is a series of three nucleotides (triplets) that encodes a specific amino acid r...
COLD-PCR
COLD-PCR (co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature-PCR) is a modified Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) protocol that enriches variant alleles from a mixture of w...
COLD-PCR (co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature-PCR) is a modified Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) protocol that enriches variant alleles from a mixture of w...
Comet assay
The Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay is an uncomplicated and sensitive technique for the detection of DNA damage at the level of the individual eukaryotic cell.
The Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay is an uncomplicated and sensitive technique for the detection of DNA damage at the level of the individual eukaryotic cell.
Community Fingerprinting
Community fingerprinting refers to a set of molecular biology techniques that can be used to quickly profile the diversity of a microbial community.
Community fingerprinting refers to a set of molecular biology techniques that can be used to quickly profile the diversity of a microbial community.
Compartment (chemistry)
In chemistry, a compartment is a part of a protein that serves a specific function.
In chemistry, a compartment is a part of a protein that serves a specific function.
Complementarity (molecular biology)
In molecular biology, complementarity is a property of double-stranded nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA as well as DNA:RNA duplexes.
In molecular biology, complementarity is a property of double-stranded nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA as well as DNA:RNA duplexes.
Compositional domain
A compositional domain in genetics is a region of DNA with a distinct guanine and cytosine: G-C and C-G.
A compositional domain in genetics is a region of DNA with a distinct guanine and cytosine: G-C and C-G.
Compositional Domains Model
In genetics, a Compositional Domain is a region of DNA with a distinct guanine and cytosine: G-C and C-G .The homogeneity of compositional domains is compared to that of the chromosome on which ...
In genetics, a Compositional Domain is a region of DNA with a distinct guanine and cytosine: G-C and C-G .The homogeneity of compositional domains is compared to that of the chromosome on which ...
Conformational epitope
A conformational epitope is a sequence of subunits composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system.
A conformational epitope is a sequence of subunits composing an antigen that come in direct contact with a receptor of the immune system.
Consensus site
A consensus site is a term in molecular biology that refers to a site on a protein that is often modified in a particular way.
A consensus site is a term in molecular biology that refers to a site on a protein that is often modified in a particular way.
Conserved signature indels
Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships.
Conserved signature inserts and deletions (CSIs) in protein sequences provide an important category of molecular markers for understanding phylogenetic relationships.
Contig
A contig (from contiguous) is a set of overlapping DNA segments that together represent a consensus region of DNA.
A contig (from contiguous) is a set of overlapping DNA segments that together represent a consensus region of DNA.
Copy number analysis
Copy number analysis usually refers to the process of analyzing data produced by a test for DNA copy number variation in patient's sample.
Copy number analysis usually refers to the process of analyzing data produced by a test for DNA copy number variation in patient's sample.
Copy-number variation
Copy-number variations—a form of structural variation—are alterations of the DNA of a genome that results in the cell having an abnormal number of copies of one or more sections of the DNA. CNVs...
Copy-number variations—a form of structural variation—are alterations of the DNA of a genome that results in the cell having an abnormal number of copies of one or more sections of the DNA. CNVs...
Cosmid
A cosmid, first described by Collins and Hohn in 1978, is a type of hybrid plasmid (often used as a cloning vector) that contains cos sequences, DNA sequences originally from the Lambda phage.
A cosmid, first described by Collins and Hohn in 1978, is a type of hybrid plasmid (often used as a cloning vector) that contains cos sequences, DNA sequences originally from the Lambda phage.
Cot analysis
C0t analysis, a technique based on the principles DNA reassociation kinetics, is a biochemical technique that measures how much repetitive DNA is in a DNA sample such as a genome.
C0t analysis, a technique based on the principles DNA reassociation kinetics, is a biochemical technique that measures how much repetitive DNA is in a DNA sample such as a genome.
Cot filtration
Cot filtration, or CF, is a technique that uses the principles of DNA renaturation kinetics (i.
Cot filtration, or CF, is a technique that uses the principles of DNA renaturation kinetics (i.
Cre recombinase
Cre Recombinase is a tyrosine recombinase enzyme derived from the P1 Bacteriophage.
Cre Recombinase is a tyrosine recombinase enzyme derived from the P1 Bacteriophage.
Cycling probe technology
Cycling probe technology (CPT) is a molecular biological technique for detecting specific DNA sequences.
Cycling probe technology (CPT) is a molecular biological technique for detecting specific DNA sequences.
DamID
DamID (DNA adenine methyltransferase identification) is a molecular biology protocol used to map the binding sites of DNA- and chromatin-binding proteins in eukaryotes.
DamID (DNA adenine methyltransferase identification) is a molecular biology protocol used to map the binding sites of DNA- and chromatin-binding proteins in eukaryotes.
DARPin
DARPins are genetically engineered antibody mimetic proteins typically exhibiting highly specific and high-affinity target protein binding.
DARPins are genetically engineered antibody mimetic proteins typically exhibiting highly specific and high-affinity target protein binding.
Dda (DNA-dependent ATPase)
Dda (short for DNA-dependent ATPase; also known as Dda helicase and Dda DNA helicase) is the 439-amino acid 49,897-atomic mass unit protein coded by the Dda gene of the bacteri...
Dda (short for DNA-dependent ATPase; also known as Dda helicase and Dda DNA helicase) is the 439-amino acid 49,897-atomic mass unit protein coded by the Dda gene of the bacteri...
Deep sequencing
Deep sequencing indicates that the coverage, or depth, of the process is many times larger than the length of the sequence under study.
Deep sequencing indicates that the coverage, or depth, of the process is many times larger than the length of the sequence under study.
Deoxycytidine triphosphate
Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate that is used whenever DNA is synthesized, such as in the polymerase chain reaction.
Deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate that is used whenever DNA is synthesized, such as in the polymerase chain reaction.
Deoxyribonucleoprotein
Deoxyribonucleoprotein is the complex of DNA and protein in which DNA is usually found upon cell disruption and isolation.
Deoxyribonucleoprotein is the complex of DNA and protein in which DNA is usually found upon cell disruption and isolation.
DERB
Dual expression recombinase based (DERB) single vector system is a method of efficient cloning and subcloning of plasmid vectors for high throughput screening (HTS) and verification of pro...
Dual expression recombinase based (DERB) single vector system is a method of efficient cloning and subcloning of plasmid vectors for high throughput screening (HTS) and verification of pro...
Derepression
This effect is called derepression.
This effect is called derepression.
Digital polymerase chain reaction
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction is a refinement of conventional polymerase chain reaction methods that can be used to directly quantify and clonally amplify nucleic acids including DNA, cDNA o...
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction is a refinement of conventional polymerase chain reaction methods that can be used to directly quantify and clonally amplify nucleic acids including DNA, cDNA o...
Dilution cloning
Dilution cloning describes the process of obtaining a monoclonal cell population starting from a polyclonal mass of cells.
Dilution cloning describes the process of obtaining a monoclonal cell population starting from a polyclonal mass of cells.
Discrete nanoscale transport
Discrete Nanoscale Transport refers to a class of transport phenomena inside cells.
Discrete Nanoscale Transport refers to a class of transport phenomena inside cells.
Disease gene identification
Disease gene identification is a process by which scientists identify the mutant genotypes responsible for an inherited genetic disorder.
Disease gene identification is a process by which scientists identify the mutant genotypes responsible for an inherited genetic disorder.
DNA bank
A DNA bank is a repository of DNA, usually used for research.
A DNA bank is a repository of DNA, usually used for research.
DNA binding site
DNA binding sites are a special instance of binding site, a region of a molecule where other molecules may bind.
DNA binding sites are a special instance of binding site, a region of a molecule where other molecules may bind.
DNA computing
DNA computing is a form of computing which uses DNA, biochemistry and molecular biology, instead of the traditional silicon-based computer technologies.
DNA computing is a form of computing which uses DNA, biochemistry and molecular biology, instead of the traditional silicon-based computer technologies.
DNA condensation
DNA condensation refers to the process of compacting DNA molecules in vitro or in vivo.
DNA condensation refers to the process of compacting DNA molecules in vitro or in vivo.
DNA Data Bank of Japan
The DNA Data Bank of Japan is a biological database that collects DNA sequences.
The DNA Data Bank of Japan is a biological database that collects DNA sequences.
DNA demethylation
DNA demethylation is a process of removal of methyl group from nucleotide in DNA. DNA demethylation could be passive and active.
DNA demethylation is a process of removal of methyl group from nucleotide in DNA. DNA demethylation could be passive and active.
DNA electrophoresis
DNA electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA fragments by size.
DNA electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA fragments by size.
DNA end
DNA end or sticky end refers to the properties of the end of a molecule of DNA or a recombinant DNA molecule.
DNA end or sticky end refers to the properties of the end of a molecule of DNA or a recombinant DNA molecule.
DNA extraction
DNA isolation is a routine procedure to collect DNA for subsequent molecular or forensic analysis.
DNA isolation is a routine procedure to collect DNA for subsequent molecular or forensic analysis.
DNA ligase
In molecular biology, DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, that repairs single-stranded discontinuities in double stranded DNA molecules, in simple words strands that have double-s...
In molecular biology, DNA ligase is a specific type of enzyme, a ligase, that repairs single-stranded discontinuities in double stranded DNA molecules, in simple words strands that have double-s...
DNA microarray experiment
This is an example of a DNA microarray experiment, detailing a particular case to better explain DNA microarray experiments, while enumerating possible alternatives.
This is an example of a DNA microarray experiment, detailing a particular case to better explain DNA microarray experiments, while enumerating possible alternatives.
DNA profiling
DNA profiling is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals by their respective DNA profiles.
DNA profiling is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals by their respective DNA profiles.
DNA separation by silica adsorption
DNA Separation by Silica Adsorption is an important method of DNA separation that is used in novel technologies that use micro-channels.
DNA Separation by Silica Adsorption is an important method of DNA separation that is used in novel technologies that use micro-channels.
DNA sequencer
A DNA sequencer is a scientific instrument used to automate the DNA sequencing process.
A DNA sequencer is a scientific instrument used to automate the DNA sequencing process.
DNA sequencing
DNA sequencing includes several methods and technologies that are used for determining the order of the nucleotide bases—adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine—in a molecule of DNA.
DNA sequencing includes several methods and technologies that are used for determining the order of the nucleotide bases—adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine—in a molecule of DNA.
DNA supercoil
DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on the polymer.
DNA supercoiling refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on the polymer.
DNA-DNA hybridization
DNA-DNA hybridization generally refers to a molecular biology technique that measures the degree of genetic similarity between pools of DNA sequences.
DNA-DNA hybridization generally refers to a molecular biology technique that measures the degree of genetic similarity between pools of DNA sequences.
DNase footprinting assay
A DNase footprinting assay is a DNA footprinting technique from molecular biology/biochemistry that detects DNA-protein interaction using the fact that a protein bound to DNA will often protect ...
A DNase footprinting assay is a DNA footprinting technique from molecular biology/biochemistry that detects DNA-protein interaction using the fact that a protein bound to DNA will often protect ...
Dojindo
Dōjindo Laboratories, otherwise known as Dojindo, is composed of a group of chemical companies that produce various reagents for use in research.
Dōjindo Laboratories, otherwise known as Dojindo, is composed of a group of chemical companies that produce various reagents for use in research.
Dot blot
A Dot Blot (or Slot Blot) is a technique in molecular biology used to detect biomolecules, and for detecting, analyzing, and identifying proteins.
A Dot Blot (or Slot Blot) is a technique in molecular biology used to detect biomolecules, and for detecting, analyzing, and identifying proteins.
Double Helix (novel)
Double Helix (2004), a novel by Nancy Werlin, is about 18-year old Eli Samuels, who works for a famous molecular biologist named Dr. Quincy Wyatt.
Double Helix (2004), a novel by Nancy Werlin, is about 18-year old Eli Samuels, who works for a famous molecular biologist named Dr. Quincy Wyatt.
Double-stranded RNA viruses
Double-stranded RNA viruses are a diverse group of viruses that vary widely in host range, genome segment number, and virion organization.
Double-stranded RNA viruses are a diverse group of viruses that vary widely in host range, genome segment number, and virion organization.
Downregulation and upregulation
Downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the quantity of a cellular component, such as RNA or protein, in response to an external variable.
Downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the quantity of a cellular component, such as RNA or protein, in response to an external variable.
DPVweb
DPVweb is a database for virologists working on plant viruses combining taxonomic, bioinformatic and symptom data.
DPVweb is a database for virologists working on plant viruses combining taxonomic, bioinformatic and symptom data.
EcoRI
EcoRI is an endonuclease enzyme isolated from strains of E. coli, and is part of the restriction modification system.
EcoRI is an endonuclease enzyme isolated from strains of E. coli, and is part of the restriction modification system.
EcoRV
EcoRV (pronounced "eco R five") is a type II restriction endonuclease isolated from certain strains of Escherichia coli.
EcoRV (pronounced "eco R five") is a type II restriction endonuclease isolated from certain strains of Escherichia coli.
Edestin
Edestin is a globular legumin protein that is found in hemp seeds.
Edestin is a globular legumin protein that is found in hemp seeds.
Edman degradation
Edman degradation, developed by Pehr Edman, is a method of sequencing amino acids in a peptide.
Edman degradation, developed by Pehr Edman, is a method of sequencing amino acids in a peptide.
Effective number of codons
Effective number of codons is a measure to study the state of codon usage biases in genes and genomes.
Effective number of codons is a measure to study the state of codon usage biases in genes and genomes.
Electroblotting
Electroblotting is a method in molecular biology/biochemistry/immunogenetics to transfer proteins or nucleic acids onto a membrane by using PVDF or nitrocellulose, after gel electrophoresis.
Electroblotting is a method in molecular biology/biochemistry/immunogenetics to transfer proteins or nucleic acids onto a membrane by using PVDF or nitrocellulose, after gel electrophoresis.
Electrochromatography
Electrochromatography is a chemical separation technique in analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology used to resolve and separate mostly large biomolecules such as proteins.
Electrochromatography is a chemical separation technique in analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology used to resolve and separate mostly large biomolecules such as proteins.
Electrophoretic mobility shift assay
An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) or mobility shift electrophoresis, also referred as a gel shift assay, gel mobility shift assay, band shift assay, or ge...
An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) or mobility shift electrophoresis, also referred as a gel shift assay, gel mobility shift assay, band shift assay, or ge...
Electroporation
Electroporation, or electropermeabilization, is a significant increase in the electrical conductivity and permeability of the cell plasma membrane caused by an externally applied electrica...
Electroporation, or electropermeabilization, is a significant increase in the electrical conductivity and permeability of the cell plasma membrane caused by an externally applied electrica...
EMBO Reports
EMBO Reports is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering topics related to biology at a molecular level.
EMBO Reports is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering topics related to biology at a molecular level.
Emerin
Emerin, together with MAN1, is a LEM domain-containing integral protein of the inner nuclear membrane in vertebrates.
Emerin, together with MAN1, is a LEM domain-containing integral protein of the inner nuclear membrane in vertebrates.
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses are sequences in the genome thought to be derived from ancient viral infections of germ cells in humans, mammals and other vertebrates; as such their proviruses are passe...
Endogenous retroviruses are sequences in the genome thought to be derived from ancient viral infections of germ cells in humans, mammals and other vertebrates; as such their proviruses are passe...
Essential (biology)
An essential part of an organism is something that the organism cannot continue to be alive or reproduce without.
An essential part of an organism is something that the organism cannot continue to be alive or reproduce without.
Ethanol precipitation
Ethanol precipitation is a method used to purify and/or concentrate RNA, DNA and polysaccharides such as pectin and xyloglucan from aqueous solutions.
Ethanol precipitation is a method used to purify and/or concentrate RNA, DNA and polysaccharides such as pectin and xyloglucan from aqueous solutions.
Eukaryotic initiation factor
Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIF) are proteins involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation.
Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIF) are proteins involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation.
Eukaryotic transcription
Eukaryotic transcription is more complex than prokaryotic transcription.
Eukaryotic transcription is more complex than prokaryotic transcription.
Eukaryotic translation
Eukaryotic translation is the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes.
Eukaryotic translation is the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in eukaryotes.
European Working Group for Legionella Infections
The European Working Group for Legionella Infections was formed in 1986.
The European Working Group for Legionella Infections was formed in 1986.
Exome sequencing
Exome sequencing is an efficient strategy to selectively sequence the coding regions of the genome as a cheaper but still effective alternative to whole genome sequencing.
Exome sequencing is an efficient strategy to selectively sequence the coding regions of the genome as a cheaper but still effective alternative to whole genome sequencing.
Exopolysaccharide
Exopolysaccharides are high-molecular-weight polymers that are composed of sugar residues and are secreted by a microorganism into the surrounding environment.
Exopolysaccharides are high-molecular-weight polymers that are composed of sugar residues and are secreted by a microorganism into the surrounding environment.
Expected Progeny Difference
Expected progeny differences are an evaluation of an animal’s genetic worth as a parent.
Expected progeny differences are an evaluation of an animal’s genetic worth as a parent.
Expected progeny difference
Expected progeny differences are an evaluation of an animal’s genetic worth as a parent.
Expected progeny differences are an evaluation of an animal’s genetic worth as a parent.
Expression vector
An expression vector, otherwise known as an expression construct, is generally a plasmid that is used to introduce a specific gene into a target cell.
An expression vector, otherwise known as an expression construct, is generally a plasmid that is used to introduce a specific gene into a target cell.
Eyespot apparatus
The eyespot apparatus is a photoreceptive organelle found in the flagellate cells of green algae and other unicellular photosynthetic organisms such as euglenids.
The eyespot apparatus is a photoreceptive organelle found in the flagellate cells of green algae and other unicellular photosynthetic organisms such as euglenids.
Faculty of Agricultural Science and Food in Skopje
The Faculty of Agricultural Science and Food in Skopje is a part of Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje.
The Faculty of Agricultural Science and Food in Skopje is a part of Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje.
FAD dependent oxidoreductase family
In molecular biology, the FAD dependent oxidoreductase family of proteins is a family of FAD dependent oxidoreductases.
In molecular biology, the FAD dependent oxidoreductase family of proteins is a family of FAD dependent oxidoreductases.
Fas-associated phosphatase
Fas-associated phosphatase is a molecule that inhibits the effect of Fas ligand to make cells initiate apoptosis.
Fas-associated phosphatase is a molecule that inhibits the effect of Fas ligand to make cells initiate apoptosis.
Fibrillarin
rRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase fibrillarin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FBL gene.
rRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase fibrillarin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FBL gene.
Filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin
The filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin is a large, filamentous protein that serves as a dominant attachment factor for adherence to host colliery epithelia cells of the respiratory tract.
The filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin is a large, filamentous protein that serves as a dominant attachment factor for adherence to host colliery epithelia cells of the respiratory tract.
FLAG-tag
FLAG-tag, or FLAG octapeptide, is a polypeptide protein tag that can be added to a protein using recombinant DNA technology.
FLAG-tag, or FLAG octapeptide, is a polypeptide protein tag that can be added to a protein using recombinant DNA technology.
Fluorescence
Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.
Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
FISH is a cytogenetic technique developed by biomedical researchers in the early 1980s that is used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes.
FISH is a cytogenetic technique developed by biomedical researchers in the early 1980s that is used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes.
Fluorescence in the life sciences
Fluorescence is used in the life sciences generally as a non-destructive way of tracking or analysing biological molecules by means of fluorescence.
Fluorescence is used in the life sciences generally as a non-destructive way of tracking or analysing biological molecules by means of fluorescence.
Fluorescent labelling
Fluorescent labelling is the process of covalently attaching a fluorophore to another molecule, such as a protein or nucleic acid.
Fluorescent labelling is the process of covalently attaching a fluorophore to another molecule, such as a protein or nucleic acid.
Fluorescent tag
In molecular biology and biotechnology, a fluorescent tag is a part of a molecule that researchers have attached chemically to aid in detection of the molecule to which it has been attached.
In molecular biology and biotechnology, a fluorescent tag is a part of a molecule that researchers have attached chemically to aid in detection of the molecule to which it has been attached.
Fluorophore assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis
Fluorophore assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis or FACE is a biochemical technology suited for detecting complex mixtures of high molecular weight N-glycans.
Fluorophore assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis or FACE is a biochemical technology suited for detecting complex mixtures of high molecular weight N-glycans.
Fosmid
Fosmids are similar to cosmids but are based on the bacterial F-plasmid.
Fosmids are similar to cosmids but are based on the bacterial F-plasmid.
Fragment molecular orbital
The fragment molecular orbital method is a computational method that can compute very large molecular systems with thousands of atoms using ab initio quantum-chemical wave functions.
The fragment molecular orbital method is a computational method that can compute very large molecular systems with thousands of atoms using ab initio quantum-chemical wave functions.
Full genome sequencing
Full genome sequencing (FGS), also known as whole genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is a laboratory process that determines the comple...
Full genome sequencing (FGS), also known as whole genome sequencing, complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is a laboratory process that determines the comple...
Functional genomics
Functional genomics is a field of molecular biology that attempts to make use of the vast wealth of data produced by genomic projects (such as genome sequencing projects) to describe gene (and ...
Functional genomics is a field of molecular biology that attempts to make use of the vast wealth of data produced by genomic projects (such as genome sequencing projects) to describe gene (and ...
GalP (protein)
The galactose permease or GalP found in Escherichia coli is an integral membrane protein involved in the transport of monosaccharides, primarily hexoses, for utilization by E. coli in gl...
The galactose permease or GalP found in Escherichia coli is an integral membrane protein involved in the transport of monosaccharides, primarily hexoses, for utilization by E. coli in gl...
Gartons Agricultural Plant Breeders
Dr John Garton, of the firm of Garton Brothers of Newton-le-Willows in the United Kingdom was the Originator of Scientific Farm Plant Breeding.
Dr John Garton, of the firm of Garton Brothers of Newton-le-Willows in the United Kingdom was the Originator of Scientific Farm Plant Breeding.
Gateway Technology
The Gateway cloning System, invented and commercialized by Invitrogen since the late 1990s, is a molecular biology method that enables researchers to efficiently transfer DNA-fragments between p...
The Gateway cloning System, invented and commercialized by Invitrogen since the late 1990s, is a molecular biology method that enables researchers to efficiently transfer DNA-fragments between p...
GC-content
In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content is the percentage of nitrogenous bases on a DNA molecule that are either guanine or cytosine.
In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content is the percentage of nitrogenous bases on a DNA molecule that are either guanine or cytosine.
Gel electrophoresis
Gel electrophoresis is a method used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge and or size and in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixed population of DNA and RNA frag...
Gel electrophoresis is a method used in clinical chemistry to separate proteins by charge and or size and in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixed population of DNA and RNA frag...
Gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids
DNA electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA fragments by size and reactivity.
DNA electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA fragments by size and reactivity.
Gel electrophoresis of proteins
Protein electrophoresis is a method for analysing the proteins in a fluid or an extract.
Protein electrophoresis is a method for analysing the proteins in a fluid or an extract.
Gel extraction
In molecular biology, gel extraction or gel isolation is a technique used to isolate a desired fragment of intact DNA from an agarose gel following agarose gel electrophoresis.
In molecular biology, gel extraction or gel isolation is a technique used to isolate a desired fragment of intact DNA from an agarose gel following agarose gel electrophoresis.
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
Gene gun
A gene gun or a biolistic particle delivery system, originally designed for plant transformation, is a device for injecting cells with genetic information.
A gene gun or a biolistic particle delivery system, originally designed for plant transformation, is a device for injecting cells with genetic information.
Gene knockin
In molecular cloning and biology, a Knock-in refers to a genetic engineering method that involves the insertion of a protein coding cDNA sequence at a particular locus in an organism's chromosome.
In molecular cloning and biology, a Knock-in refers to a genetic engineering method that involves the insertion of a protein coding cDNA sequence at a particular locus in an organism's chromosome.
Gene nomenclature
Gene nomenclature is the scientific naming of genes, the units of heredity in living organisms.
Gene nomenclature is the scientific naming of genes, the units of heredity in living organisms.
Gene targeting
Gene targeting is a genetic technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene.
Gene targeting is a genetic technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene.
GeneRIF
A GeneRIF or Gene Reference Into Function is a short statement about the function of a gene.
A GeneRIF or Gene Reference Into Function is a short statement about the function of a gene.
Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct human manipulation of an organism's genome using modern DNA technology.
Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct human manipulation of an organism's genome using modern DNA technology.
Genetic marker
A genetic marker is a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify cells, individuals or species.
A genetic marker is a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify cells, individuals or species.
Genetically modified organism
A genetically modified organism or genetically engineered organism is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
A genetically modified organism or genetically engineered organism is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
GenGIS
GenGIS merges geographic, ecological and phylogenetic biodiversity data in a single interactive visualization and analysis environment.
GenGIS merges geographic, ecological and phylogenetic biodiversity data in a single interactive visualization and analysis environment.
Geniom RT Analyzer
Geniom RT Analyzer is an instrument used in molecular biology for diagnostic testing.
Geniom RT Analyzer is an instrument used in molecular biology for diagnostic testing.
Geranylgeranylation
Geranylgeranylation is a form of prenylation, which is a post-translational modification of proteins that involves the attachment of one or two 20-carbon lipophilic geranylgeranyl isoprene units...
Geranylgeranylation is a form of prenylation, which is a post-translational modification of proteins that involves the attachment of one or two 20-carbon lipophilic geranylgeranyl isoprene units...
Gero Hütter
Gero Hütter is a German hematologist.
Gero Hütter is a German hematologist.
Globular protein
Globular proteins, or spheroproteins are one of the two main protein classes, comprising "globe"-like proteins that are more or less soluble in aqueous solutions (where they form colloidal...
Globular proteins, or spheroproteins are one of the two main protein classes, comprising "globe"-like proteins that are more or less soluble in aqueous solutions (where they form colloidal...
Glutamate-glutamine cycle
In biochemistry, the glutamate-glutamine cycle is a sequence of events by which an adequate supply of the neurotransmitter glutamate is maintained in the central nervous system.
In biochemistry, the glutamate-glutamine cycle is a sequence of events by which an adequate supply of the neurotransmitter glutamate is maintained in the central nervous system.
Glycomimetic
Glycomimetic is a term used to refer to molecules that have structures similar to carbohydrates, but with some variation.
Glycomimetic is a term used to refer to molecules that have structures similar to carbohydrates, but with some variation.
Glycoprotein 130
Glycoprotein 130 is a transmembrane protein which is the founding member of the class of all cytokine receptors.
Glycoprotein 130 is a transmembrane protein which is the founding member of the class of all cytokine receptors.
Graphical Representation and Analysis of Structural Properties
GRASP is a graphics program written for Silicon Graphics computers that is widely used by the structural biology community to visualize macromolecules.
GRASP is a graphics program written for Silicon Graphics computers that is widely used by the structural biology community to visualize macromolecules.
GUS reporter system
The GUS reporter system (GUS: beta-glucuronidase) is a reporter gene system, particularly useful in plant molecular biology.
The GUS reporter system (GUS: beta-glucuronidase) is a reporter gene system, particularly useful in plant molecular biology.
HaeIII
HaeIII is one of the 100+ restriction enzymes discovered since 1970.
HaeIII is one of the 100+ restriction enzymes discovered since 1970.
Heat map
A heat map is a graphical representation of data where the values taken by a variable in a two-dimensional table are represented as colors.
A heat map is a graphical representation of data where the values taken by a variable in a two-dimensional table are represented as colors.
Helitron (biology)
A helitron is a transposon found in eukaryotes that are thought to replicate by a rolling-circle mechanism.
A helitron is a transposon found in eukaryotes that are thought to replicate by a rolling-circle mechanism.
Henderson limit
The value of the Henderson limit is defined as 2 × 107 Gy (J/kg).
The value of the Henderson limit is defined as 2 × 107 Gy (J/kg).
Hfq protein
The Hfq protein (also known as HF-I protein) encoded by the hfq gene was discovered in 1968 as an Escherichia.
The Hfq protein (also known as HF-I protein) encoded by the hfq gene was discovered in 1968 as an Escherichia.
High Resolution Melt
High Resolution Melt analysis is a powerful technique in molecular biology for the detection of mutations, polymorphisms and epigenetic differences in double-stranded DNA samples.
High Resolution Melt analysis is a powerful technique in molecular biology for the detection of mutations, polymorphisms and epigenetic differences in double-stranded DNA samples.
Hin recombinase
Hin recombinase is a 21kD protein composed of 198 amino acids that is found in the bacteria Salmonella.
Hin recombinase is a 21kD protein composed of 198 amino acids that is found in the bacteria Salmonella.
HindIII
HindIII is a type II site-specific deoxyribonuclease restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus influenzae that cleaves the palindromic DNA sequence AAGCTT in the presence of the cofac...
HindIII is a type II site-specific deoxyribonuclease restriction enzyme isolated from Haemophilus influenzae that cleaves the palindromic DNA sequence AAGCTT in the presence of the cofac...
Histone fold
A histone fold is a fold found near the C-terminus of each type histone in a histone octamer.
A histone fold is a fold found near the C-terminus of each type histone in a histone octamer.
Histone octamer
A histone octamer is an octamer of the histones found at the center of a nucleosome core particle.
A histone octamer is an octamer of the histones found at the center of a nucleosome core particle.
Hok/sok system
The hok/sok system is a postsegregational killing mechanism employed by the R1 plasmid in Escherichia coli.
The hok/sok system is a postsegregational killing mechanism employed by the R1 plasmid in Escherichia coli.
Homing endonuclease
The homing endonucleases are a type of restriction enzymes typically encoded by introns or inteins.
The homing endonucleases are a type of restriction enzymes typically encoded by introns or inteins.
Horizontal resistance
In genetics, the term horizontal resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank to describe many-gene resistance.
In genetics, the term horizontal resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank to describe many-gene resistance.
Host-Cell Reactivation
The Host-Cell Reactivation Assay or HCR is a technique used to measure the repair capacity of cell of a particular DNA alteration.
The Host-Cell Reactivation Assay or HCR is a technique used to measure the repair capacity of cell of a particular DNA alteration.
Human artificial chromosome
A human artificial chromosome (HAC) is a microchromosome that can act as a new chromosome in a population of human cells.
A human artificial chromosome (HAC) is a microchromosome that can act as a new chromosome in a population of human cells.
HY box
The 'hypertrophy' region is part of DNA upstream from the transcription start site between the base pairs at -89 and bp -60.
The 'hypertrophy' region is part of DNA upstream from the transcription start site between the base pairs at -89 and bp -60.
Hybrid vector
Hybrid vectors are vector viruses that are genetically engineered to have qualities of more than one vector.
Hybrid vectors are vector viruses that are genetically engineered to have qualities of more than one vector.
Hybridization probe
In molecular biology, a hybridization probe is a fragment of DNA or RNA of variable length (usually 100-1000 bases long), which is used in DNA or RNA samples to detect the presence of nucleotide...
In molecular biology, a hybridization probe is a fragment of DNA or RNA of variable length (usually 100-1000 bases long), which is used in DNA or RNA samples to detect the presence of nucleotide...
Hydrophilic interaction chromatography
Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC) is a version of partition chromatography which occupies the opposite end of the partition s...
Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (or hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, HILIC) is a version of partition chromatography which occupies the opposite end of the partition s...
Hypersensitive site
A hypersensitive site is a short region of chromatin and is detected by its super sensitivity to cleavage by DNase I and other various nucleases (DNase II and micrococcal nucleases).
A hypersensitive site is a short region of chromatin and is detected by its super sensitivity to cleavage by DNase I and other various nucleases (DNase II and micrococcal nucleases).
I-CreI
I-CreI is a homing endonuclease whose gene was first discovered in the chloroplast genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a species of unicellular green algae.
I-CreI is a homing endonuclease whose gene was first discovered in the chloroplast genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a species of unicellular green algae.
IMAGE cDNA clones
IMAGE cDNA clones are a collection of DNA vectors containing cDNAs from various organisms including human, mouse, rat, non-human primates, zebrafish, pufferfish, Xenopus (frogs), and cow.
IMAGE cDNA clones are a collection of DNA vectors containing cDNAs from various organisms including human, mouse, rat, non-human primates, zebrafish, pufferfish, Xenopus (frogs), and cow.
Immunoelectrophoresis
Immunoelectrophoresis is a general name for a number of biochemical methods for separation and characterization of proteins based on electrophoresis and reaction with antibodies.
Immunoelectrophoresis is a general name for a number of biochemical methods for separation and characterization of proteins based on electrophoresis and reaction with antibodies.
Immunomagnetic separation
Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate cells out of body fluid or cultured cells.
Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) is a laboratory tool that can efficiently isolate cells out of body fluid or cultured cells.
Index of molecular biology articles
This is a list of topics in molecular biology.
This is a list of topics in molecular biology.
Initiation factor
Initiation factors are proteins that bind to the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation, a part of protein biosynthesis.
Initiation factors are proteins that bind to the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation, a part of protein biosynthesis.
Insertion sequence
An insertion sequence (also known as an IS, an insertion sequence element, or an IS element) is a short DNA sequence that acts as a simple transposable element.
An insertion sequence (also known as an IS, an insertion sequence element, or an IS element) is a short DNA sequence that acts as a simple transposable element.
Institute of Animal Biotechnology
The Institute of Animal Biotechnoloogy is independent entity of the Faculty of Agricultural Science and Food in Skopje, and has educational and research role.
The Institute of Animal Biotechnoloogy is independent entity of the Faculty of Agricultural Science and Food in Skopje, and has educational and research role.
Insulin signal transduction pathway and regulation of blood glucose
The body regulates the glucose in the blood by the insulin transduction pathway.
The body regulates the glucose in the blood by the insulin transduction pathway.
Interactome
In molecular biology an Interactome is defined as the whole set of molecular interactions in cells.
In molecular biology an Interactome is defined as the whole set of molecular interactions in cells.
International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology
The International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology (IMPRS-MCB) is an international PhD program in molecular biology and cellular biology founded in 2006 by the...
The International Max Planck Research School for Molecular and Cellular Biology (IMPRS-MCB) is an international PhD program in molecular biology and cellular biology founded in 2006 by the...
International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration
The International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC, consists of a joint effort to collect and disseminate databases containing DNA and RNA sequences.
The International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC, consists of a joint effort to collect and disseminate databases containing DNA and RNA sequences.
Interrupted gene
An interrupted gene (also called a split gene) is simply a strand of DNA that contains both introns and exons.
An interrupted gene (also called a split gene) is simply a strand of DNA that contains both introns and exons.
Intracellular
In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word intracellular means "inside the cell".
In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word intracellular means "inside the cell".
Intrinsic termination
Intrinsic termination is a mechanism in prokaryotes that causes RNA transcription to be stopped.
Intrinsic termination is a mechanism in prokaryotes that causes RNA transcription to be stopped.
Inverse polymerase chain reaction
Inverse polymerase chain reaction (Inverse PCR) is a variant of the polymerase chain reaction that is used to amplify DNA with only one known sequence.
Inverse polymerase chain reaction (Inverse PCR) is a variant of the polymerase chain reaction that is used to amplify DNA with only one known sequence.
Ion semiconductor sequencing
Ion Semiconductor Sequencing is a method of DNA sequencing based on the detection of hydrogen ions that are released during the polymerization of DNA. This is a method of "sequencing by synthesi...
Ion Semiconductor Sequencing is a method of DNA sequencing based on the detection of hydrogen ions that are released during the polymerization of DNA. This is a method of "sequencing by synthesi...
Isochore (genetics)
The isochore theory purported that the genome of "warm-blooded" vertebrates are mosaics of long isochoric regions of alternating GC-poor and GC-rich composition, as opposed to the genome of "col...
The isochore theory purported that the genome of "warm-blooded" vertebrates are mosaics of long isochoric regions of alternating GC-poor and GC-rich composition, as opposed to the genome of "col...
Isoelectric point
The isoelectric point, sometimes abbreviated to IEP, is the pH at which a particular molecule or surface carries no net electrical charge.
The isoelectric point, sometimes abbreviated to IEP, is the pH at which a particular molecule or surface carries no net electrical charge.
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, abbreviated IPTG, is a molecular biology reagent.
Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside, abbreviated IPTG, is a molecular biology reagent.
Isoschizomer
Isoschizomers are pairs of restriction enzymes specific to the same recognition sequence.
Isoschizomers are pairs of restriction enzymes specific to the same recognition sequence.
Iteron
Iterons are directly repeated DNA sequences which play an important role in regulation of plasmid copy number in bacterial cells.
Iterons are directly repeated DNA sequences which play an important role in regulation of plasmid copy number in bacterial cells.
John Quackenbush
John Quackenbush (born January 4, 1962) is an American computational biologist and genome scientist.
John Quackenbush (born January 4, 1962) is an American computational biologist and genome scientist.
Kenneth B. Storey
Kenneth B. Storey, FRSC (born October 23, 1949) is a Canadian scientist whose work draws from a variety of fields including biochemistry and molecular biology.
Kenneth B. Storey, FRSC (born October 23, 1949) is a Canadian scientist whose work draws from a variety of fields including biochemistry and molecular biology.
Knockout moss
A knockout moss is a moss plant in which one or more specific genes are deleted or inactivated by gene targeting.
A knockout moss is a moss plant in which one or more specific genes are deleted or inactivated by gene targeting.
Label-free intrinsic imaging
Label-free Intrinsic Imaging is used for the analysis of biomolecules and utilizes a technology that avoids the need for labels commonly required in capillary electrophoresis and other related a...
Label-free Intrinsic Imaging is used for the analysis of biomolecules and utilizes a technology that avoids the need for labels commonly required in capillary electrophoresis and other related a...
Legumin
Legumin, or vegetable casein, is a protein substance analogous to the casein of milk, obtained from beans, pease, lentils, vetches and other leguminous seeds.
Legumin, or vegetable casein, is a protein substance analogous to the casein of milk, obtained from beans, pease, lentils, vetches and other leguminous seeds.
Library (biology)
In molecular biology, a library is a collection of DNA fragments that is stored and propagated in a population of micro-organisms through the process of molecular cloning.
In molecular biology, a library is a collection of DNA fragments that is stored and propagated in a population of micro-organisms through the process of molecular cloning.
Ligation Independent Cloning
Ligation Independent Cloning is a form of Molecular cloning that is able to be performed without the use of restriction endonucleases or DNA ligase.
Ligation Independent Cloning is a form of Molecular cloning that is able to be performed without the use of restriction endonucleases or DNA ligase.
Ligation-independent cloning
Ligation-independent cloning is a form of molecular cloning that is able to be performed without the use of restriction endonucleases or DNA ligase.
Ligation-independent cloning is a form of molecular cloning that is able to be performed without the use of restriction endonucleases or DNA ligase.
Lipid bilayer mechanics
Lipid bilayer mechanics is the study of the physical material properties of lipid bilayers, classifying bilayer behavior with stress and strain rather than biochemical interactions.
Lipid bilayer mechanics is the study of the physical material properties of lipid bilayers, classifying bilayer behavior with stress and strain rather than biochemical interactions.
Lipofectamine
Lipofectamine or Lipofectamine 2000 is a common transfection reagent, produced and sold by Invitrogen, used in molecular and cellular biology.
Lipofectamine or Lipofectamine 2000 is a common transfection reagent, produced and sold by Invitrogen, used in molecular and cellular biology.
Lipofection
Lipofection (or liposome transfection) is a technique used to inject genetic material into a cell by means of liposomes, which are vesicles that can easily merge with the cell membrane since the...
Lipofection (or liposome transfection) is a technique used to inject genetic material into a cell by means of liposomes, which are vesicles that can easily merge with the cell membrane since the...
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Loop mediated isothermal amplification is a single tube technique for the amplification of DNA. This may be of use in future as a low cost alternative to detect certain diseases.
Loop mediated isothermal amplification is a single tube technique for the amplification of DNA. This may be of use in future as a low cost alternative to detect certain diseases.
LtrA
LtrA is an Open Reading Frame found in the Lactococcus lactis group II introns LtrB. It is an intron-encoded protein, which consists of three subdomains: a reverse-transcriptase/maturase...
LtrA is an Open Reading Frame found in the Lactococcus lactis group II introns LtrB. It is an intron-encoded protein, which consists of three subdomains: a reverse-transcriptase/maturase...
Lydia Fairchild
Lydia Fairchild and her children are the subjects of a documentary called The Twin Inside Me.
Lydia Fairchild and her children are the subjects of a documentary called The Twin Inside Me.
Magnetic-activated cell sorting
Magnetic-activated cell sorting is a trademark name for a method for separation of various cell populations depending on their surface antigens.
Magnetic-activated cell sorting is a trademark name for a method for separation of various cell populations depending on their surface antigens.
Magnetofection
Magnetofection is a simple and highly efficient transfection method that uses magnetic fields to concentrate particles containing nucleic acid into the target cells.
Magnetofection is a simple and highly efficient transfection method that uses magnetic fields to concentrate particles containing nucleic acid into the target cells.
Massively parallel signature sequencing
Massive parallel signature sequencing is a sequenced based approach that can be used to identify and quantify mRNA transcripts present in a sample similar to Serial analysis of gene expression b...
Massive parallel signature sequencing is a sequenced based approach that can be used to identify and quantify mRNA transcripts present in a sample similar to Serial analysis of gene expression b...
Mating of yeast
The mating of yeast only occurs between haploids, which can be either the a or α mating type and thus display simple sexual differentiation.
The mating of yeast only occurs between haploids, which can be either the a or α mating type and thus display simple sexual differentiation.
MEGAN
MEGAN ("MEtaGenome ANalyzer") is a computer program that allows optimized analysis of large metagenomic datasets.
MEGAN ("MEtaGenome ANalyzer") is a computer program that allows optimized analysis of large metagenomic datasets.
Meganuclease I-SceI
Meganuclease I-Sce I is a homing endonuclease.
Meganuclease I-Sce I is a homing endonuclease.
Membrane transport
In cellular biology the term membrane transport refers to the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes namely l...
In cellular biology the term membrane transport refers to the collection of mechanisms that regulate the passage of solutes such as ions and small molecules through biological membranes namely l...
MEROPS
MEROPS is an on-line database for peptidases and their inhibitors.
MEROPS is an on-line database for peptidases and their inhibitors.
Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation
Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation is a large-scale purification technique in molecular biology that is used to enrich for methylated DNA sequences.
Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation is a large-scale purification technique in molecular biology that is used to enrich for methylated DNA sequences.
Methylation induced premeiotically
In molecular biology, methylation induced premeiotically (MIP) is a process by which cytosines within repeated DNA sequences are de novo methylated prior to the sexual cycle.
In molecular biology, methylation induced premeiotically (MIP) is a process by which cytosines within repeated DNA sequences are de novo methylated prior to the sexual cycle.
MICAD
MICAD includes agents developed for imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computed tomograp...
MICAD includes agents developed for imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, computed tomograp...
Micrococcal nuclease
Micrococcal Nuclease (S7 Nuclease or MNase) is an endo-exonuclease that preferentially digests single-stranded nucleic acids.The rate of cleavage is 30 times greater at the 5' side of A or T tha...
Micrococcal Nuclease (S7 Nuclease or MNase) is an endo-exonuclease that preferentially digests single-stranded nucleic acids.The rate of cleavage is 30 times greater at the 5' side of A or T tha...
Microscale thermophoresis
Microscale Thermophoresis is a technology for the analysis of biomolecules.
Microscale Thermophoresis is a technology for the analysis of biomolecules.
Microtubule-associated protein
In cell biology, microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are proteins that interact with the microtubules of the cellular cytoskeleton.
In cell biology, microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are proteins that interact with the microtubules of the cellular cytoskeleton.
Mimetic
Mimesis ( (mīmēsis), from μίμεῖσθαι (mīmeisthai), "to imitate," from μῖμος (mimos), "imitator, actor") is a critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings, whi...
Mimesis ( (mīmēsis), from μίμεῖσθαι (mīmeisthai), "to imitate," from μῖμος (mimos), "imitator, actor") is a critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings, whi...
Minimotif Miner
Minimotif Miner is a program and database designed to identify minimotifs in any protein.
Minimotif Miner is a program and database designed to identify minimotifs in any protein.
Missense mRNA
Missense mRNA molecules have one or more mutated codons that yield polypeptides with an amino acid sequence different from the wild-type or naturally occurring polypeptide.
Missense mRNA molecules have one or more mutated codons that yield polypeptides with an amino acid sequence different from the wild-type or naturally occurring polypeptide.
Mitotoxin
A mitotoxin is a cytotoxic molecule targeted to specific cells by a mitogen.
A mitotoxin is a cytotoxic molecule targeted to specific cells by a mitogen.
Molecular biology
Molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the molecular basis of biological activity.
Molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the molecular basis of biological activity.
Molecular Biology and Evolution
Molecular Biology and Evolution is a monthly journal owned and edited by The Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution and published by Oxford University Press.
Molecular Biology and Evolution is a monthly journal owned and edited by The Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution and published by Oxford University Press.
Molecular breeding
Molecular breeding or molecular plant breeding is the application of molecular biology tools in plant breeding1
5.
Molecular breeding or molecular plant breeding is the application of molecular biology tools in plant breeding1
5.
Molecular cloning
Molecular cloning refers to a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms.
Molecular cloning refers to a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms.
Molecular ecology
Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological ...
Molecular ecology is a field of evolutionary biology that is concerned with applying molecular population genetics, molecular phylogenetics, and more recently genomics to traditional ecological ...
Molecular farming
Molecular farming (also known as molecular pharming or biopharming) is the use of genetically engineered crops to produce compounds with therapeutic value.
Molecular farming (also known as molecular pharming or biopharming) is the use of genetically engineered crops to produce compounds with therapeutic value.
Molecular genetics
Molecular genetics is the field of biology and genetics that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
Molecular genetics is the field of biology and genetics that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.
Molecular Inversion Probe
Molecular Inversion Probe belongs to the class of Capture by Circularization molecular techniques for performing genomic partitioning, a process through which one captures and enrich...
Molecular Inversion Probe belongs to the class of Capture by Circularization molecular techniques for performing genomic partitioning, a process through which one captures and enrich...
Molecular lesion
A molecular lesion is damage to the structure of a biological molecule such as DNA, enzymes, or proteins that results in reduction or absence of normal function or, in rare cases, the gain of a ...
A molecular lesion is damage to the structure of a biological molecule such as DNA, enzymes, or proteins that results in reduction or absence of normal function or, in rare cases, the gain of a ...
Molecular medicine
Molecular medicine is a broad field, where physical, chemical, biological and medical techniques are used to describe molecular structures and mechanisms, identify fundamental molecular and gene...
Molecular medicine is a broad field, where physical, chemical, biological and medical techniques are used to describe molecular structures and mechanisms, identify fundamental molecular and gene...
Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit
The Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU) is an alliance between the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg.
The Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU) is an alliance between the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and the Medical Faculty of the University of Heidelberg.
Molecular microbiology
Molecular microbiology is the branch of microbiology devoted to the study of the molecular principles of the physiological processes involved in the life cycle of prokaryotic and eukaryotic micr...
Molecular microbiology is the branch of microbiology devoted to the study of the molecular principles of the physiological processes involved in the life cycle of prokaryotic and eukaryotic micr...
Molecular modelling
Molecular modelling encompasses all theoretical methods and computational techniques used to model or mimic the behaviour of molecules.
Molecular modelling encompasses all theoretical methods and computational techniques used to model or mimic the behaviour of molecules.
Molecular models of DNA
Molecular models of DNA structures are representations of the molecular geometry and topology of Deoxyribonucleic acid molecules using one of several means, with the aim of simplifying and pres...
Molecular models of DNA structures are representations of the molecular geometry and topology of Deoxyribonucleic acid molecules using one of several means, with the aim of simplifying and pres...
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics.
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of evolutionary biology and phylogenetics.
Molecular probe
A molecular probe is a group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures.
A molecular probe is a group of atoms or molecules attached to other molecules or cellular structures and used in studying the properties of these molecules and structures.
Monobody
Monobodies, also known as adnectins, are genetically engineered proteins that are able to bind to antigens.
Monobodies, also known as adnectins, are genetically engineered proteins that are able to bind to antigens.
Moonlighting Proteins
Moonlighting proteins are proteins that can perform more than one function.
Moonlighting proteins are proteins that can perform more than one function.
mRNA display
mRNA display is a display technique used for in vitro protein, and/or peptide evolution to create molecules that can bind to a desired target.
mRNA display is a display technique used for in vitro protein, and/or peptide evolution to create molecules that can bind to a desired target.
Multicopy single-stranded DNA
Multicopy single-stranded DNA is a type of extrachromosomal satellite DNA that consists of a single-stranded DNA molecule covalently linked via a 2'-5'phosphodiester bond to an internal guanosi...
Multicopy single-stranded DNA is a type of extrachromosomal satellite DNA that consists of a single-stranded DNA molecule covalently linked via a 2'-5'phosphodiester bond to an internal guanosi...
Multilocus sequence typing
Multilocus sequence typing is a technique in molecular biology for the typing of multiple loci.
Multilocus sequence typing is a technique in molecular biology for the typing of multiple loci.
Multiple displacement amplification
Multiple displacement amplification is a non-PCR based DNA amplification technique.
Multiple displacement amplification is a non-PCR based DNA amplification technique.
Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification
Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification is a variation of the multiplex polymerase chain reaction that permits multiple targets to be amplified with only a single primer pair.
Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification is a variation of the multiplex polymerase chain reaction that permits multiple targets to be amplified with only a single primer pair.
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction is a modification of polymerase chain reaction in order to rapidly detect deletions or duplications in a large gene.
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction is a modification of polymerase chain reaction in order to rapidly detect deletions or duplications in a large gene.
Nanodomain
In molecular biology, a nanodomain, in reference to calcium signaling, is where the calcium-binding proteins (or "sensors") are located within a few nanometers of an open calcium channel.
In molecular biology, a nanodomain, in reference to calcium signaling, is where the calcium-binding proteins (or "sensors") are located within a few nanometers of an open calcium channel.
NASBA (molecular biology)
Nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) is a method in molecular biology which is used to amplify RNA sequences.
Nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) is a method in molecular biology which is used to amplify RNA sequences.
National Institute of Genetics
The National Institute of Genetics is a Japanese institution founded in 1949.
The National Institute of Genetics is a Japanese institution founded in 1949.
NdeI
NdeI is an endonuclease isolated from Neisseria denitrificans.
NdeI is an endonuclease isolated from Neisseria denitrificans.
Nesfatin-1
Nesfatin-1 is a naturally occurring protein molecule produced by the brains of mammals.
Nesfatin-1 is a naturally occurring protein molecule produced by the brains of mammals.
Nested gene
A nested gene is a gene whose entire coding sequence lies within the bounds (between the start codon and the stop codon) of a larger external gene.
A nested gene is a gene whose entire coding sequence lies within the bounds (between the start codon and the stop codon) of a larger external gene.
Nested polymerase chain reaction
Nested polymerase chain reaction is a modification of polymerase chain reaction intended to reduce the contamination in products due to the amplification of unexpected primer binding sites.
Nested polymerase chain reaction is a modification of polymerase chain reaction intended to reduce the contamination in products due to the amplification of unexpected primer binding sites.
Neuropeptide
Neuropeptides are small protein-like molecules used by neurons to communicate with each other, distinct from the larger neurotransmitters.
Neuropeptides are small protein-like molecules used by neurons to communicate with each other, distinct from the larger neurotransmitters.
Nick translation
Nick translation was developed in 1977 by Rigby and Paul Berg.
Nick translation was developed in 1977 by Rigby and Paul Berg.
Nicking enzyme
A nicking enzyme (or nicking endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts one strand of a double-stranded DNA at a specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as a restriction site.
A nicking enzyme (or nicking endonuclease) is an enzyme that cuts one strand of a double-stranded DNA at a specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as a restriction site.
Nicking enzyme amplification reaction
Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) is a method for in vitro DNA amplification like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) is a method for in vitro DNA amplification like the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Nif gene
The nif gene is the gene responsible for the coding of proteins related and associated with the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into a form of nitrogen available to plants.
The nif gene is the gene responsible for the coding of proteins related and associated with the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into a form of nitrogen available to plants.
NlaIII
NlaIII is an endonuclease that cleaves double stranded DNA molecules into fragments, leaving leave 3' overhangs of four nucleotides at the ends of each fragment.
NlaIII is an endonuclease that cleaves double stranded DNA molecules into fragments, leaving leave 3' overhangs of four nucleotides at the ends of each fragment.
Nonribosomal peptide
Nonribosomal peptides (NRP) are a class of peptide secondary metabolites, usually produced by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.
Nonribosomal peptides (NRP) are a class of peptide secondary metabolites, usually produced by microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.
Nonsynonymous substitution
A nonsynonymous substitution is a nucleotide mutation that alters the amino acid sequence of a protein.
A nonsynonymous substitution is a nucleotide mutation that alters the amino acid sequence of a protein.
Nuclear gene
Nuclear gene is a gene located in the cell nucleus of an eukaryote.
Nuclear gene is a gene located in the cell nucleus of an eukaryote.
Nucleic acid methods
Nucleic acid methods are the techniques used to study nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
Nucleic acid methods are the techniques used to study nucleic acids (DNA and RNA).
Nucleic acid thermodynamics
Nucleic acid thermodynamics is the study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure of double-stranded DNA.
Nucleic acid thermodynamics is the study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure of double-stranded DNA.
Nucleofection
Nucleofection refers to electroporation, a transfection method which enables transfer of nucleic acids such as DNA, RNA, Small interfering RNA into cells.
Nucleofection refers to electroporation, a transfection method which enables transfer of nucleic acids such as DNA, RNA, Small interfering RNA into cells.
Nucleosome
A nucleosome is the basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores.
A nucleosome is the basic unit of DNA packaging in eukaryotes, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores.
Oligomer restriction
Oligomer Restriction (abbreviated OR) is a procedure to detect an altered DNA sequence in a genome.
Oligomer Restriction (abbreviated OR) is a procedure to detect an altered DNA sequence in a genome.
Oligonucleotide synthesis
Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure (sequence).
Oligonucleotide synthesis is the chemical synthesis of relatively short fragments of nucleic acids with defined chemical structure (sequence).
Oncomodulin
Oncomodulin is a calcium-binding protein and a macrophage-derived growth factor, which can promote axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells.
Oncomodulin is a calcium-binding protein and a macrophage-derived growth factor, which can promote axon regeneration in retinal ganglion cells.
Optical transfection
Optical Transfection is the process of introducing nucleic acids into cells using light.
Optical Transfection is the process of introducing nucleic acids into cells using light.
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force, depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and mo...
Optical tweezers are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force, depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and mo...
Orexin-A
Orexin A, also known as Hypocretin-1, is a naturally occurring, highly excitatory, neuropeptide released by the hypothalamus.
Orexin A, also known as Hypocretin-1, is a naturally occurring, highly excitatory, neuropeptide released by the hypothalamus.
Orosomucoid
Orosomucoid (ORM) or alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP or AAG) is an acute phase (acute phase protein) plasma alpha-globulin glycoprotein and is modulated by two polymorphic genes.
Orosomucoid (ORM) or alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP or AAG) is an acute phase (acute phase protein) plasma alpha-globulin glycoprotein and is modulated by two polymorphic genes.
Oscillating gene
In molecular biology, an oscillating gene or clock gene is a gene that is expressed in an oscillating pattern, often circadian.
In molecular biology, an oscillating gene or clock gene is a gene that is expressed in an oscillating pattern, often circadian.
Overlap extension polymerase chain reaction
The overlap extension polymerase chain reaction is a variant of PCR. It is also referred to as Splicing by overlap extension / Splicing by overhang extension PCR.
The overlap extension polymerase chain reaction is a variant of PCR. It is also referred to as Splicing by overlap extension / Splicing by overhang extension PCR.
P element
A P element is a transposon that is present specifically in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and is used widely for mutagenesis and the creation of genetically modified flies used for g...
A P element is a transposon that is present specifically in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and is used widely for mutagenesis and the creation of genetically modified flies used for g...
P-bodies
Processing bodies are distinct foci within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell consisting of many enzymes involved in mRNA turnover.
Processing bodies are distinct foci within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell consisting of many enzymes involved in mRNA turnover.
P1 phage
P1 is a temperate bacteriophage (phage) that infects Escherichia coli and a some other bacteria.
P1 is a temperate bacteriophage (phage) that infects Escherichia coli and a some other bacteria.
P1-derived artificial chromosome
The P1-derived artificial chromosome are DNA constructs that are derived from the DNA of P1 bacteriophage.
The P1-derived artificial chromosome are DNA constructs that are derived from the DNA of P1 bacteriophage.
p73
p73 is a protein related to the p53 tumor protein.
p73 is a protein related to the p53 tumor protein.
Paired-end tag
Paired-end tags are the short sequences at the 5’ and 3’ ends of the DNA fragment of interest, which can be a piece of genomic DNA or cDNA. These short sequences are called tags or signatures be...
Paired-end tags are the short sequences at the 5’ and 3’ ends of the DNA fragment of interest, which can be a piece of genomic DNA or cDNA. These short sequences are called tags or signatures be...
Paired-end Tags
Paired-end tags, also known as PET, refer to the short sequences at the 5’ and 3’ ends of the DNA fragment of interest, which can be a piece of genomic DNA or cDNA. These short sequences are cal...
Paired-end tags, also known as PET, refer to the short sequences at the 5’ and 3’ ends of the DNA fragment of interest, which can be a piece of genomic DNA or cDNA. These short sequences are cal...
Palmitoylation
S-Palmitoylation is the covalent attachment of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, to cysteine residues of proteins, which are typically membrane proteins.
S-Palmitoylation is the covalent attachment of fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, to cysteine residues of proteins, which are typically membrane proteins.
Partial cloning
In the field of cell biology, the method of partial cloning (PCL) converts a fully differentiated old somatic cell into a partially reprogrammed young cell that retains all ...
In the field of cell biology, the method of partial cloning (PCL) converts a fully differentiated old somatic cell into a partially reprogrammed young cell that retains all ...
pComb3H
pComb3H, a derivative of pComb3 optimized for expression of human fragments, is a phagemid used to express proteins such as zinc finger proteins and antibody fragments on phage pili for the purp...
pComb3H, a derivative of pComb3 optimized for expression of human fragments, is a phagemid used to express proteins such as zinc finger proteins and antibody fragments on phage pili for the purp...
PDE1
PDE1 is a phosphodiesterase enzyme also known as calcium- and calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase.
PDE1 is a phosphodiesterase enzyme also known as calcium- and calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase.
PDE3
PDE3 is a phosphodiesterase. The PDEs belong to at least eleven related gene families, which are different in their primary structure, substrate affinity, responses to effectors, and regulation ...
PDE3 is a phosphodiesterase. The PDEs belong to at least eleven related gene families, which are different in their primary structure, substrate affinity, responses to effectors, and regulation ...
Peak calling
Peak calling is a computational method used to identify areas in a genome that have been enriched with aligned reads as a consequence of performing a ChIP-seq experiment.
Peak calling is a computational method used to identify areas in a genome that have been enriched with aligned reads as a consequence of performing a ChIP-seq experiment.
Peptide computing
Peptide computing is a form of computing which uses peptides and molecular biology, instead of traditional silicon-based computer technologies.
Peptide computing is a form of computing which uses peptides and molecular biology, instead of traditional silicon-based computer technologies.
Phage display
Phage display is a laboratory technique for the study of protein–protein, protein–peptide, and protein–DNA interactions that uses bacteriophages to connect proteins with the genetic information ...
Phage display is a laboratory technique for the study of protein–protein, protein–peptide, and protein–DNA interactions that uses bacteriophages to connect proteins with the genetic information ...
Phage-ligand technology
The Phage-ligand technology is a technology to detect, bind and remove bacteria and bacterial toxins by using highly specific bacteriophage derived proteins.
The Phage-ligand technology is a technology to detect, bind and remove bacteria and bacterial toxins by using highly specific bacteriophage derived proteins.
Phagemid
A phagemid or phasmid is a type of cloning vector developed as a hybrid of the filamentous phage M13 and plasmids to produce a vector that can grow as a plasmid, and also be packaged as si...
A phagemid or phasmid is a type of cloning vector developed as a hybrid of the filamentous phage M13 and plasmids to produce a vector that can grow as a plasmid, and also be packaged as si...
Phenol extraction
Phenol extraction is a processing technology used to prepare phenols as raw materials, compounds or additives for industrial wood processing and for chemical industries.
Phenol extraction is a processing technology used to prepare phenols as raw materials, compounds or additives for industrial wood processing and for chemical industries.
Phenol-chloroform extraction
Phenol-chloroform extraction (abbreviated PC or PCIA, see reagents below) is a liquid-liquid extraction technique in biochemistry.
Phenol-chloroform extraction (abbreviated PC or PCIA, see reagents below) is a liquid-liquid extraction technique in biochemistry.
Phosphate transistasis
Phosphate transistasis is the power or tendency of a living thing to keep changing its phosphate needs according to the transformation of circumstances; i.e., to reform its functions to maintain...
Phosphate transistasis is the power or tendency of a living thing to keep changing its phosphate needs according to the transformation of circumstances; i.e., to reform its functions to maintain...
Phosphodiester bond
A phosphodiester bond is a group of strong covalent bonds between a phosphate group and two 5-carbon ring carbohydrates over two ester bonds.
A phosphodiester bond is a group of strong covalent bonds between a phosphate group and two 5-carbon ring carbohydrates over two ester bonds.
Photopigment
Photopigments are unstable pigments that undergo a chemical change when they absorb light.
Photopigments are unstable pigments that undergo a chemical change when they absorb light.
Photoreceptor protein
Photoreceptors are light-sensitive proteins involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms.
Photoreceptors are light-sensitive proteins involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms.
Phototropin
Phototropins are photoreceptor proteins (specifically, flavoproteins) that mediate phototropism responses in higher plants.
Phototropins are photoreceptor proteins (specifically, flavoproteins) that mediate phototropism responses in higher plants.
Phred base calling
Phred base-calling is a computer program for identifying a base (nucleobase) sequence from a fluorescence "trace" data generated by an automated DNA sequencer that uses electrophoresis and 4-flu...
Phred base-calling is a computer program for identifying a base (nucleobase) sequence from a fluorescence "trace" data generated by an automated DNA sequencer that uses electrophoresis and 4-flu...
Phred quality score
Phred quality scores were originally developed by the program Phred to help in the automation of DNA sequencing in the Human Genome Project.
Phred quality scores were originally developed by the program Phred to help in the automation of DNA sequencing in the Human Genome Project.
Pipedo
Pipedo is a Japanese word referring to molecular biological researchers such as graduate students and postdocs who work hard in universities or other research institutions for low or sometim...
Pipedo is a Japanese word referring to molecular biological researchers such as graduate students and postdocs who work hard in universities or other research institutions for low or sometim...
Plant breeding
Plant breeding is the art and science of changing the genetics of plants in order to produce desired characteristics.
Plant breeding is the art and science of changing the genetics of plants in order to produce desired characteristics.
Plant transformation vector
Plant transformation vectors are plasmids that have been specifically designed to facilitate the generation of transgenic plants.
Plant transformation vectors are plasmids that have been specifically designed to facilitate the generation of transgenic plants.
Plasmid preparation
A plasmid preparation is a method used to extract and purify plasmid DNA. Many methods have been developed to purify plasmid DNA from bacteria.
A plasmid preparation is a method used to extract and purify plasmid DNA. Many methods have been developed to purify plasmid DNA from bacteria.
Point mutation
A point mutation, or single base substitution, is a type of mutation that causes the replacement of a single base nucleotide with another nucleotide of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. Th...
A point mutation, or single base substitution, is a type of mutation that causes the replacement of a single base nucleotide with another nucleotide of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. Th...
Polyacrylamide gel
A Polyacrylamide Gel is a separation matrix used in electrophoresis of biomolecules, such as proteins or DNA fragments.
A Polyacrylamide Gel is a separation matrix used in electrophoresis of biomolecules, such as proteins or DNA fragments.
Polyhistidine-tag
A polyhistidine-tag is an amino acid motif in proteins that consists of at least five histidine (His) residues, often at the N- or C-terminus of the protein.
A polyhistidine-tag is an amino acid motif in proteins that consists of at least five histidine (His) residues, often at the N- or C-terminus of the protein.
Polymerase chain reaction
The polymerase chain reaction is a scientific technique in molecular biology to amplify a single or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to mil...
The polymerase chain reaction is a scientific technique in molecular biology to amplify a single or a few copies of a piece of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to mil...
Polymerase chain reaction optimization
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a commonly used molecular biology tool for amplifying DNA, and various techniques for PCR optimization have been developed by molecular biologists to impro...
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a commonly used molecular biology tool for amplifying DNA, and various techniques for PCR optimization have been developed by molecular biologists to impro...
Post-transcriptional regulation
Post-transcriptional regulation is the control of gene expression at the RNA level, therefore between the transcription and the translation of the gene.
Post-transcriptional regulation is the control of gene expression at the RNA level, therefore between the transcription and the translation of the gene.
Primer (molecular biology)
A primer is a strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
A primer is a strand of nucleic acid that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
Primer walking
Primer walking is a sequencing method of choice for sequencing DNA fragments between 1.3 and 7 kilobases.
Primer walking is a sequencing method of choice for sequencing DNA fragments between 1.3 and 7 kilobases.
Prokaryotic initiation factor-1
Prokaryotic initiation factor-1 is a prokaryotic initiation factor.
Prokaryotic initiation factor-1 is a prokaryotic initiation factor.
Prokaryotic initiation factor-2
Prokaryotic initiation factor-2 is a prokaryotic initiation factor.
Prokaryotic initiation factor-2 is a prokaryotic initiation factor.
Prokaryotic initiation factor-3
Prokaryotic initiation factor-3 is a prokaryotic initiation factor.
Prokaryotic initiation factor-3 is a prokaryotic initiation factor.
Prokaryotic translation
Prokaryotic translation is the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in prokaryotes.
Prokaryotic translation is the process by which messenger RNA is translated into proteins in prokaryotes.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function.
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function.
Protein electrophoresis
In medicine, protein electrophoresis (a.k.a.
In medicine, protein electrophoresis (a.k.a.
Protein Information Resource
The Protein Information Resource, located at Georgetown University Medical Center, is an integrated public bioinformatics resource to support genomic and proteomic research, and scientific studi...
The Protein Information Resource, located at Georgetown University Medical Center, is an integrated public bioinformatics resource to support genomic and proteomic research, and scientific studi...
Protein isoform
A protein isoform is any of several different forms of the same protein.
A protein isoform is any of several different forms of the same protein.
Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification
Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification is an amplification technique to multiply misfolded prions originally developed by Soto and colleagues.
Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification is an amplification technique to multiply misfolded prions originally developed by Soto and colleagues.
Protein tag
Protein tags are peptide sequences genetically grafted onto a recombinant protein.
Protein tags are peptide sequences genetically grafted onto a recombinant protein.
Protein-fragment Complementation Assay
Protein-fragment Complementation Assay, or PCA, is a method for the identification of protein–protein interactions in biological systems.
Protein-fragment Complementation Assay, or PCA, is a method for the identification of protein–protein interactions in biological systems.
Protein-fragment complementation assay
Protein-fragment complementation assay, or PCA, is a method for the identification of protein–protein interactions in biological systems.
Protein-fragment complementation assay, or PCA, is a method for the identification of protein–protein interactions in biological systems.
Proteinoid
Proteinoids, or thermal proteins, are protein-like molecules formed inorganically from amino acids.
Proteinoids, or thermal proteins, are protein-like molecules formed inorganically from amino acids.
Protobiont
Protobionts are systems that are considered to have possibly been the precursors to prokaryotic cells.
Protobionts are systems that are considered to have possibly been the precursors to prokaryotic cells.
Protofection
Protofection is a term that refers to the transfection of foreign mitochondria to replace the original energy generators within cells.
Protofection is a term that refers to the transfection of foreign mitochondria to replace the original energy generators within cells.
Protoplast
Protoplast, from the ancient Greek πρῶτον (first) + verb πλάθω or πλάττω (to mould: deriv.
Protoplast, from the ancient Greek πρῶτον (first) + verb πλάθω or πλάττω (to mould: deriv.
Prp24
Prp24 (precursor RNA processing, gene 24) is a protein part of the pre-messenger RNA splicing process and aids the binding of U6 snRNA to U4 snRNA during the formation of...
Prp24 (precursor RNA processing, gene 24) is a protein part of the pre-messenger RNA splicing process and aids the binding of U6 snRNA to U4 snRNA during the formation of...
PstI
PstI, is a Type II restriction endonuclease (or restriction enzyme) from Providencia stuartii.
PstI, is a Type II restriction endonuclease (or restriction enzyme) from Providencia stuartii.
pUC19
pUC19 is a plasmid cloning vector created by Messing and co-workers in the University of California.
pUC19 is a plasmid cloning vector created by Messing and co-workers in the University of California.
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis is a technique used for the separation of large deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules by applying an electric field that periodically changes direction to a gel ...
Pulsed field gel electrophoresis is a technique used for the separation of large deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules by applying an electric field that periodically changes direction to a gel ...
Pyrenoid
In cell biology, pyrenoids are organelles, centers of carbon dioxide fixation within the chloroplasts of algae and hornworts.
In cell biology, pyrenoids are organelles, centers of carbon dioxide fixation within the chloroplasts of algae and hornworts.
Pyrophosphate
In chemistry, the anion, the salts, and the esters of pyrophosphoric acid are called pyrophosphates.
In chemistry, the anion, the salts, and the esters of pyrophosphoric acid are called pyrophosphates.
Pyrosequencing
Pyrosequencing is a method of DNA sequencing (determining the order of nucleotides in DNA) based on the "sequencing by synthesis" principle.
Pyrosequencing is a method of DNA sequencing (determining the order of nucleotides in DNA) based on the "sequencing by synthesis" principle.
R.EcoRII
Restriction endonuclease EcoRII is an enzyme of restriction modification system naturally found in Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacteria.
Restriction endonuclease EcoRII is an enzyme of restriction modification system naturally found in Escherichia coli, a Gram-negative bacteria.
Radial spoke
The radial spoke is a multi-unit protein structure found in the axonemes of eukaryotic cilia and flagella.
The radial spoke is a multi-unit protein structure found in the axonemes of eukaryotic cilia and flagella.
RAPD
RAPD stands for random amplification of polymorphic DNA.
RAPD stands for random amplification of polymorphic DNA.
Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends
Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) is a technique used in molecular biology to obtain the full length sequence of an RNA transcript found within a cell.
Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends (RACE) is a technique used in molecular biology to obtain the full length sequence of an RNA transcript found within a cell.
Rare-cutter enzyme
A rare-cutter enzyme is a restriction enzyme with a recognition sequence which occurs only rarely in a genome.
A rare-cutter enzyme is a restriction enzyme with a recognition sequence which occurs only rarely in a genome.
Reading frame
In biology, a reading frame is a way of breaking a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA into three letter codons which can be translated in amino acids.
In biology, a reading frame is a way of breaking a sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA into three letter codons which can be translated in amino acids.
Real-time polymerase chain reaction
In molecular biology, real-time polymerase chain reaction, also called quantitative real time polymerase chain reactionor kinetic polymerase chain reaction, is a laboratory technique bas...
In molecular biology, real-time polymerase chain reaction, also called quantitative real time polymerase chain reactionor kinetic polymerase chain reaction, is a laboratory technique bas...
RecBCD
RecBCD, also known as Exonuclease V, is an enzyme of the E. coli bacterium that initiates recombinational repair from potentially lethal double strand breaks in DNA which may result fr...
RecBCD, also known as Exonuclease V, is an enzyme of the E. coli bacterium that initiates recombinational repair from potentially lethal double strand breaks in DNA which may result fr...
Recombinase
Recombinases are genetic recombination enzymes.
Recombinases are genetic recombination enzymes.
Recombination detection program
Recombination detection program (RDP) is a computer program used to analyse nucleotide sequence data and identify evidence of genetic recombination.
Recombination detection program (RDP) is a computer program used to analyse nucleotide sequence data and identify evidence of genetic recombination.
Relative fluorescence units
The terms "relative fluorescence units" (RFU) and "RFU peak" refer to measurements in electrophoresis methods, such as for DNA analysis.
The terms "relative fluorescence units" (RFU) and "RFU peak" refer to measurements in electrophoresis methods, such as for DNA analysis.
Relaxase
A relaxase is a single-strand DNA transesterase enzyme produced by some prokaryotes and viruses.
A relaxase is a single-strand DNA transesterase enzyme produced by some prokaryotes and viruses.
Relaxosome
Relaxosome is the complex of proteins that facilitates plasmids during bacterial conjugation.
Relaxosome is the complex of proteins that facilitates plasmids during bacterial conjugation.
Repeat induced point-mutation
In molecular biology, repeat induced point-mutation or RIP is a process by which DNA accumulates G:C to A:T mutations.
In molecular biology, repeat induced point-mutation or RIP is a process by which DNA accumulates G:C to A:T mutations.
Replica plating
In molecular biology and microbiology, replica plating is a technique in which one or more secondary Petri plates containing different solid (agar-based) selective growth media (lacking nutrient...
In molecular biology and microbiology, replica plating is a technique in which one or more secondary Petri plates containing different solid (agar-based) selective growth media (lacking nutrient...
Reporter gene
In molecular biology, a reporter gene (often simply reporter) is a gene that researchers attach to a regulatory sequence of another gene of interest in cell culture, animals or plants.
In molecular biology, a reporter gene (often simply reporter) is a gene that researchers attach to a regulatory sequence of another gene of interest in cell culture, animals or plants.
Restriction digest
A restriction digest is a procedure used in molecular biology to prepare DNA for analysis or other processing.
A restriction digest is a procedure used in molecular biology to prepare DNA for analysis or other processing.
Restriction enzyme
A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites.
A restriction enzyme is an enzyme that cuts DNA at specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites.
Restriction fragment
A restriction fragment is a DNA fragment resulting from the cutting of a DNA strand by a restriction enzyme (restriction endonucleases), a process called restriction.
A restriction fragment is a DNA fragment resulting from the cutting of a DNA strand by a restriction enzyme (restriction endonucleases), a process called restriction.
Restriction landmark genomic scanning
Restriction Landmark Genomic Scanning (or RLGS) is a genome analysis method that allows for rapid simultaneous visualization of thousands of landmarks, or restriction sites.
Restriction Landmark Genomic Scanning (or RLGS) is a genome analysis method that allows for rapid simultaneous visualization of thousands of landmarks, or restriction sites.
Restriction map
A restriction map is a map of known restriction sites within a sequence of DNA. Restriction mapping requires the use of restriction enzymes.
A restriction map is a map of known restriction sites within a sequence of DNA. Restriction mapping requires the use of restriction enzymes.
Restriction modification system
The restriction modification system is used by bacteria, and perhaps other prokaryotic organisms to protect themselves from foreign DNA, such as the one borne by bacteriophages.
The restriction modification system is used by bacteria, and perhaps other prokaryotic organisms to protect themselves from foreign DNA, such as the one borne by bacteriophages.
Restriction site
Restriction sites, or restriction recognition sites, are locations on a DNA molecule containing specific (4-8 base pairs in length)sequences of nucleotides, which are recognized by restric...
Restriction sites, or restriction recognition sites, are locations on a DNA molecule containing specific (4-8 base pairs in length)sequences of nucleotides, which are recognized by restric...
Retrotransposon
Retrotransposons are genetic elements that can amplify themselves in a genome and are ubiquitous components of the DNA of many eukaryotic organisms.
Retrotransposons are genetic elements that can amplify themselves in a genome and are ubiquitous components of the DNA of many eukaryotic organisms.
Retrovirus
A retrovirus is an RNA virus that is duplicated in a host cell using the reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome.
A retrovirus is an RNA virus that is duplicated in a host cell using the reverse transcriptase enzyme to produce DNA from its RNA genome.
Reverse transcriptase
In the fields of molecular biology and biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase, also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA in...
In the fields of molecular biology and biochemistry, a reverse transcriptase, also known as RNA-dependent DNA polymerase, is a DNA polymerase enzyme that transcribes single-stranded RNA in...
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a variant of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a laboratory technique commonly used in molecular biology to generate many copies ...
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a variant of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a laboratory technique commonly used in molecular biology to generate many copies ...
Rfam
Rfam is a database containing information about non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families and other structured RNA elements.
Rfam is a database containing information about non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families and other structured RNA elements.
Ribosomal binding site
A ribosomal binding site (RBS) is a sequence on mRNA that is bound by the ribosome when initiating protein translation.
A ribosomal binding site (RBS) is a sequence on mRNA that is bound by the ribosome when initiating protein translation.
RK2 plasmid
The RK2 Plasmid is a broad-host-range plasmid belonging to the incP incompatibility group It is notable for its ability to replicate in a wide variety of single-celled organisms, which makes it...
The RK2 Plasmid is a broad-host-range plasmid belonging to the incP incompatibility group It is notable for its ability to replicate in a wide variety of single-celled organisms, which makes it...
RNA integrity number
The RNA integrity number (RIN) is an algorithm for assigning integrity values to RNA measurements.
The RNA integrity number (RIN) is an algorithm for assigning integrity values to RNA measurements.
RNA polymerase II holoenzyme stability
There are various aspects to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme stability: the number of base pairs that can be transcribed before the holoenzyme loses its ability to transcribe, stability due to ...
There are various aspects to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme stability: the number of base pairs that can be transcribed before the holoenzyme loses its ability to transcribe, stability due to ...
RNA-Seq
RNA-seq, also called "Whole Transcriptome Shotgun Sequencing" ("WTSS"), refers to the use of high-throughput sequencing technologies to sequence cDNA in order to get information about a sample'...
RNA-seq, also called "Whole Transcriptome Shotgun Sequencing" ("WTSS"), refers to the use of high-throughput sequencing technologies to sequence cDNA in order to get information about a sample'...
RNase H
The enzyme RNase H is a non-specific endonuclease and catalyzes the cleavage of RNA via a hydrolytic mechanism.
The enzyme RNase H is a non-specific endonuclease and catalyzes the cleavage of RNA via a hydrolytic mechanism.
Rotavirus translation
Rotavirus translation, the process of translating mRNA into proteins, occurs in a different way in Rotaviruses.
Rotavirus translation, the process of translating mRNA into proteins, occurs in a different way in Rotaviruses.
Rule-based modeling
Rule-based modeling is a modeling approach that uses a set of rules that implies a model.
Rule-based modeling is a modeling approach that uses a set of rules that implies a model.
SABIO-Reaction Kinetics Database
SABIO-RK is a web-accessible database storing information about biochemical reactions and their kinetic properties.
SABIO-RK is a web-accessible database storing information about biochemical reactions and their kinetic properties.
Samp1
Samp1, is an inner nuclear membrane protein in mammals.
Samp1, is an inner nuclear membrane protein in mammals.
SCCmec
SCCmec, or staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec, is a mobile genetic element of Staphylococcus bacterial species.
SCCmec, or staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec, is a mobile genetic element of Staphylococcus bacterial species.
Scleroprotein
Scleroproteins, or fibrous proteins, constitute one of the two main classes of proteins, alongside globular proteins.
Scleroproteins, or fibrous proteins, constitute one of the two main classes of proteins, alongside globular proteins.
SDS-PAGE
SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, describes a technique widely used in biochemistry, forensics, genetics and molecular biology to separate proteins accor...
SDS-PAGE, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, describes a technique widely used in biochemistry, forensics, genetics and molecular biology to separate proteins accor...
Selectable marker
A selectable marker is a gene introduced into a cell, especially a bacterium or to cells in culture, that confers a trait suitable for artificial selection.
A selectable marker is a gene introduced into a cell, especially a bacterium or to cells in culture, that confers a trait suitable for artificial selection.
Selection and amplification binding assay
Selection and amplification binding assay (SAAB) is a molecular biology technique developed by T. Keith Blackwell and Harold Weintraub in 1990.
Selection and amplification binding assay (SAAB) is a molecular biology technique developed by T. Keith Blackwell and Harold Weintraub in 1990.
Sense (molecular biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, sense is a concept used to compare the polarity of nucleic acid molecules, such as DNA or RNA, to other nucleic acid molecules.
In molecular biology and genetics, sense is a concept used to compare the polarity of nucleic acid molecules, such as DNA or RNA, to other nucleic acid molecules.
Sequence (biology)
A sequence in biology is the one-dimensional ordering of monomers, covalently linked within in a biopolymer; it is also referred to as the primary structure of the biological macromolecule.
A sequence in biology is the one-dimensional ordering of monomers, covalently linked within in a biopolymer; it is also referred to as the primary structure of the biological macromolecule.
Sequencing
In genetics and biochemistry, sequencing means to determine the primary structure (sometimes falsely called primary sequence) of an unbranched biopolymer.
In genetics and biochemistry, sequencing means to determine the primary structure (sometimes falsely called primary sequence) of an unbranched biopolymer.
Serial analysis of gene expression
Serial analysis of gene expression is a technique used by molecular biologists to produce a snapshot of the messenger RNA population in a sample of interest in the form of small tags that corres...
Serial analysis of gene expression is a technique used by molecular biologists to produce a snapshot of the messenger RNA population in a sample of interest in the form of small tags that corres...
Shotgun sequencing
In genetics, shotgun , also known as shotgun cloning, is a method used for sequencing long DNA strands.
In genetics, shotgun , also known as shotgun cloning, is a method used for sequencing long DNA strands.
Shuttle vector
A shuttle vector is a vector (usually a plasmid) constructed so that it can propagate in two different host species.
A shuttle vector is a vector (usually a plasmid) constructed so that it can propagate in two different host species.
Single molecule fluorescent sequencing
Single molecule fluorescent sequencing is one of massively parallel DNA sequencing, which has revolutionized many fields of biology by allowing the generation of sequence information on an unpre...
Single molecule fluorescent sequencing is one of massively parallel DNA sequencing, which has revolutionized many fields of biology by allowing the generation of sequence information on an unpre...
Single-nucleotide polymorphism
A single-nucleotide polymorphism is a DNA sequence variation occurring when a single nucleotide — A, T, C or G — in the genome differs between members of a biological species or pair...
A single-nucleotide polymorphism is a DNA sequence variation occurring when a single nucleotide — A, T, C or G — in the genome differs between members of a biological species or pair...
Single-strand conformation polymorphism
Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), or single-strand chain polymorphism, is defined as conformational difference of single-stranded nucleotide sequences of identical lengt...
Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), or single-strand chain polymorphism, is defined as conformational difference of single-stranded nucleotide sequences of identical lengt...
Site-specific recombination
Site-specific recombination, also known as conservative site-specific recombination, is a type of genetic recombination in which DNA strand exchange takes place between segments possessing...
Site-specific recombination, also known as conservative site-specific recombination, is a type of genetic recombination in which DNA strand exchange takes place between segments possessing...
Size-exclusion chromatography
Size-exclusion chromatography is a chromatographic method in which molecules in solution are separated by their size, and in some cases molecular weight.
Size-exclusion chromatography is a chromatographic method in which molecules in solution are separated by their size, and in some cases molecular weight.
SNP array
In molecular biology and bioinformatics, a SNP array is a type of DNA microarray which is used to detect polymorphisms within a population.
In molecular biology and bioinformatics, a SNP array is a type of DNA microarray which is used to detect polymorphisms within a population.
SNP genotyping
SNP genotyping is the measurement of genetic variations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between members of a species.
SNP genotyping is the measurement of genetic variations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between members of a species.
SNPlex
SNPlex is a platform for SNP genotyping sold by Applied Biosystems.
SNPlex is a platform for SNP genotyping sold by Applied Biosystems.
snRNP
snRNPs (pronounced "snurps"), or small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, are RNA-protein complexes that combine with unmodified pre-mRNA and various other proteins to form a spliceosome, a large R...
snRNPs (pronounced "snurps"), or small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, are RNA-protein complexes that combine with unmodified pre-mRNA and various other proteins to form a spliceosome, a large R...
Society for Mathematical Biology
The Society for Mathematical Biology is an international association co-founded in 1972 in USA by Drs.George Karreman, Herbert Daniel Landahl and by Anthony Bartholomay for the furtherance of jo...
The Society for Mathematical Biology is an international association co-founded in 1972 in USA by Drs.George Karreman, Herbert Daniel Landahl and by Anthony Bartholomay for the furtherance of jo...
Somatic fusion
Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the ch...
Somatic fusion, also called protoplast fusion, is a type of genetic modification in plants by which two distinct species of plants are fused together to form a new hybrid plant with the ch...
Sonoporation
Sonoporation, or cellular sonication, is the use of sound (typically ultrasonic frequencies) for modifying the permeability of the cell plasma membrane.
Sonoporation, or cellular sonication, is the use of sound (typically ultrasonic frequencies) for modifying the permeability of the cell plasma membrane.
Southwestern blot
Southwestern blotting, based along the lines of Southern blotting (which was created by Edwin Southern) and first described by B. Bowen and colleagues in 1980, is a lab technique which involves ...
Southwestern blotting, based along the lines of Southern blotting (which was created by Edwin Southern) and first described by B. Bowen and colleagues in 1980, is a lab technique which involves ...
Spin column-based nucleic acid purification
Column-based nucleic acid purification is a solid phase extraction method to quickly purify nucleic acids.
Column-based nucleic acid purification is a solid phase extraction method to quickly purify nucleic acids.
SplitsTree
SplitsTree is a popular program for inferring phylogenetic trees or, more generally, phylogenetic networks from various types of data such as a sequence alignment, a distance matrix or a set of ...
SplitsTree is a popular program for inferring phylogenetic trees or, more generally, phylogenetic networks from various types of data such as a sequence alignment, a distance matrix or a set of ...
SR protein
SR proteins are serine/arginine-rich proteins which are involved in regulating and selecting splice sites in eukaryotic mRNA. Alternative splicing requires SR proteins, which select the alternat...
SR proteins are serine/arginine-rich proteins which are involved in regulating and selecting splice sites in eukaryotic mRNA. Alternative splicing requires SR proteins, which select the alternat...
Stable nucleic acid lipid particle
Stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs) are microscopic particles approximately 120 nanometers in diameter, smaller than the wavelengths of visible light.
Stable nucleic acid lipid particles (SNALPs) are microscopic particles approximately 120 nanometers in diameter, smaller than the wavelengths of visible light.
Standard curve
A standard curve is a quantitative research tool, a method of plotting assay data that is used to determine the concentration of a substance, particularly proteins and DNA. It can be used in man...
A standard curve is a quantitative research tool, a method of plotting assay data that is used to determine the concentration of a substance, particularly proteins and DNA. It can be used in man...
Sticky and blunt ends
DNA end or sticky end refers to the properties of the end of a molecule of DNA or a recombinant DNA molecule.
DNA end or sticky end refers to the properties of the end of a molecule of DNA or a recombinant DNA molecule.
Storage protein
Storage proteins are biological reserves of metal ions and amino acids, used by organisms.
Storage proteins are biological reserves of metal ions and amino acids, used by organisms.
Structural biology
Structural biology is a branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macromolecules, especially proteins and nucleic acids, how ...
Structural biology is a branch of molecular biology, biochemistry, and biophysics concerned with the molecular structure of biological macromolecules, especially proteins and nucleic acids, how ...
Subcloning
In molecular biology, subcloning is a technique used to move a particular gene of interest from a parent vector to a destination vector in order to further study its functionality.
In molecular biology, subcloning is a technique used to move a particular gene of interest from a parent vector to a destination vector in order to further study its functionality.
Sulfur assimilation
Sulfur is an essential element for growth and physiological functioning of plants.
Sulfur is an essential element for growth and physiological functioning of plants.
Superhelix
A superhelix is a molecular structure in which a helix is itself coiled into a helix.
A superhelix is a molecular structure in which a helix is itself coiled into a helix.
SuperSAGE
SuperSAGE is the most advanced derivate of the serial analysis of gene expression technology (SAGE) for the analysis of expressed genes in eukaryotic organisms (gene expression profiling).
SuperSAGE is the most advanced derivate of the serial analysis of gene expression technology (SAGE) for the analysis of expressed genes in eukaryotic organisms (gene expression profiling).
Surround Optical Fiber Immunoassay
Surround Optical Fiber Immunoassay (SOFIA) is an ultra-sensitive, in vitro diagnostic platform incorporating a surround optical fiber assembly that captures fluorescence emissions from an entire...
Surround Optical Fiber Immunoassay (SOFIA) is an ultra-sensitive, in vitro diagnostic platform incorporating a surround optical fiber assembly that captures fluorescence emissions from an entire...
Surround Optical Fiber Immunoassay (SOFIA)
Surround Optical Fiber Immunoassay (SOFIA) is an ultra-sensitive, in vitro diagnostic platform incorporating a surround optical fiber assembly that captures fluorescence emissions from an entire...
Surround Optical Fiber Immunoassay (SOFIA) is an ultra-sensitive, in vitro diagnostic platform incorporating a surround optical fiber assembly that captures fluorescence emissions from an entire...
Synonymous substitution
A synonymous substitution (also called a silent substitution) is the evolutionary substitution of one base for another in an exon of a gene coding for a protein, such that the produced amino...
A synonymous substitution (also called a silent substitution) is the evolutionary substitution of one base for another in an exon of a gene coding for a protein, such that the produced amino...
Synthetic ion channels
Synthetic ion channels are de novo chemical compounds that insert into lipid bilayers, form pores, and allow ions to flow from one side to the other.
Synthetic ion channels are de novo chemical compounds that insert into lipid bilayers, form pores, and allow ions to flow from one side to the other.
Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment
SELEX ("Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment"), also referred to as in vitro selection or in vitro evolution, is a combinatorial chemistry technique in molecular bio...
SELEX ("Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment"), also referred to as in vitro selection or in vitro evolution, is a combinatorial chemistry technique in molecular bio...
Systems Biology Ontology
The Systems Biology Ontology (SBO) is a set of controlled, relational vocabularies of terms commonly used in Systems Biology, and in particular in computational modeling.
The Systems Biology Ontology (SBO) is a set of controlled, relational vocabularies of terms commonly used in Systems Biology, and in particular in computational modeling.
T7 DNA Helicase
T7 DNA Helicase is a hexameric motor protein that uses energy from dTTP hydrolysis to process unidirectionally along single stranded DNA, separating the two strands as it progresses.
T7 DNA Helicase is a hexameric motor protein that uses energy from dTTP hydrolysis to process unidirectionally along single stranded DNA, separating the two strands as it progresses.
T7 DNA helicase
T7 DNA helicase is a hexameric motor protein that uses energy from dTTP hydrolysis to process unidirectionally along single stranded DNA, separating the two strands as it progresses.
T7 DNA helicase is a hexameric motor protein that uses energy from dTTP hydrolysis to process unidirectionally along single stranded DNA, separating the two strands as it progresses.
TA cloning
TA cloning is a subcloning technique that doesn't use restriction enzymes and is easier and quicker than traditional subcloning.
TA cloning is a subcloning technique that doesn't use restriction enzymes and is easier and quicker than traditional subcloning.
Tafazzin
Tafazzin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAZ gene.
Tafazzin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAZ gene.
TANPAKU
TANPAKU was a distributed computing project aimed at attacking the protein structure prediction problem.
TANPAKU was a distributed computing project aimed at attacking the protein structure prediction problem.
Target-site overlap
In a zinc finger protein, certain sequences of amino acid residues are able to recognise and bind to an extended target-site of four or even five nucleotides When this occurs in a ZFP in which the thr...
In a zinc finger protein, certain sequences of amino acid residues are able to recognise and bind to an extended target-site of four or even five nucleotides When this occurs in a ZFP in which the thr...
Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism
Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (TRFLP or sometimes T-RFLP) is a molecular biology technique for profiling of microbial communities based on the position of a restriction site ...
Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (TRFLP or sometimes T-RFLP) is a molecular biology technique for profiling of microbial communities based on the position of a restriction site ...
The Cosmic Serpent
The Cosmic Serpent: DNA and the Origins of Knowledge is a 1998 non-fiction book by Jeremy Narby.
The Cosmic Serpent: DNA and the Origins of Knowledge is a 1998 non-fiction book by Jeremy Narby.
The Regenerative Medicine Institute
The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), was established in 2003 as a Centre for Science, Technology & Engineering in collaboration with National University of Ireland, Galway.
The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), was established in 2003 as a Centre for Science, Technology & Engineering in collaboration with National University of Ireland, Galway.
Three-parent baby
Three-parent babies are potential human offspring that will have three genetic parents.
Three-parent babies are potential human offspring that will have three genetic parents.
TILLING (molecular biology)
TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) is a method in molecular biology that allows directed identification of mutations in a specific gene.
TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes) is a method in molecular biology that allows directed identification of mutations in a specific gene.
Tn3 resolvase
Tn3 resolvase is one out of three proteins that are encoded on the 4957 base pair Tn3 transposon.
Tn3 resolvase is one out of three proteins that are encoded on the 4957 base pair Tn3 transposon.
Toeprinting assay
Toeprinting assay is an assay to look at the interaction of messenger RNA with ribosome.
Toeprinting assay is an assay to look at the interaction of messenger RNA with ribosome.
TopFIND
TopFIND is the Termini oriented protein Function Inferred Database (TopFIND) is an integrated knowledgebase focused on protein termini, their formation ...
TopFIND is the Termini oriented protein Function Inferred Database (TopFIND) is an integrated knowledgebase focused on protein termini, their formation ...
TOPO Cloning
TOPO Cloning is a molecular biology technique in which DNA fragments amplified by either Taq or Pfu polymerases are cloned into specific vectors without the requirement for DNA ligases.
TOPO Cloning is a molecular biology technique in which DNA fragments amplified by either Taq or Pfu polymerases are cloned into specific vectors without the requirement for DNA ligases.
Touchdown polymerase chain reaction
Touchdown polymerase chain reaction or touchdown style polymerase chain reaction is a method of polymerase chain reaction by which primers will avoid amplifying nonspecific sequences.
Touchdown polymerase chain reaction or touchdown style polymerase chain reaction is a method of polymerase chain reaction by which primers will avoid amplifying nonspecific sequences.
Toxin-antitoxin system
A toxin-antitoxin system is a set of two or more closely linked genes that together encode both a protein 'poison' and a corresponding 'antidote'.
A toxin-antitoxin system is a set of two or more closely linked genes that together encode both a protein 'poison' and a corresponding 'antidote'.
Trans-acting
In the field of molecular biology, trans-acting (trans-regulatory, trans-regulation), in general, means "acting from a different molecule" (i.e.
In the field of molecular biology, trans-acting (trans-regulatory, trans-regulation), in general, means "acting from a different molecule" (i.e.
Transactivation
Transactivation is an increased rate of gene expression triggered either by biological processes or by artificial means.
Transactivation is an increased rate of gene expression triggered either by biological processes or by artificial means.
Transcription (genetics)
Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language that ...
Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language that ...
Transcriptional bursting
Transcriptional bursting, also known as transcriptional pulsing, is a fundamental property of genes from bacteria to humans.
Transcriptional bursting, also known as transcriptional pulsing, is a fundamental property of genes from bacteria to humans.
Transduction (genetics)
Transduction is the process by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virusbetter see in MS Dict.
Transduction is the process by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virusbetter see in MS Dict.
TRANSFAC
TRANSFAC (TRANScription FACtor database) is a manually curated database of eukaryotic transcription factors, their genomic binding sites and DNA binding profiles.
TRANSFAC (TRANScription FACtor database) is a manually curated database of eukaryotic transcription factors, their genomic binding sites and DNA binding profiles.
Transfection
Transfection is the process of deliberately introducing nucleic acids into cells.
Transfection is the process of deliberately introducing nucleic acids into cells.
Transformation (genetics)
In molecular biology transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings and tak...
In molecular biology transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake, incorporation and expression of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings and tak...
Translation (biology)
In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the third stage of protein biosynthesis.
In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the third stage of protein biosynthesis.
Transposable element
A transposable element is a DNA sequence that can change its relative position within the genome of a single cell.
A transposable element is a DNA sequence that can change its relative position within the genome of a single cell.
Transposase
Transposase is an enzyme that binds to the ends of a transposon and catalyzes the movement of the transposon to another part of the genome by a cut and paste mechanism or a replicative transposi...
Transposase is an enzyme that binds to the ends of a transposon and catalyzes the movement of the transposon to another part of the genome by a cut and paste mechanism or a replicative transposi...
Transposon
Transposons are sequences of DNA that can move or transpose themselves to new positions within the genome of a single cell.
Transposons are sequences of DNA that can move or transpose themselves to new positions within the genome of a single cell.
Transposon mutagenesis
Transposon mutagenesis, or transposition mutagenesis, is a biological process that allows genes to be transferred to a host organism's chromosome, interrupting or modifying the function of...
Transposon mutagenesis, or transposition mutagenesis, is a biological process that allows genes to be transferred to a host organism's chromosome, interrupting or modifying the function of...
Transrepression
In the field of molecular biology, transrepression is a process whereby one protein represses (i.e., inhibits) the activity of a second protein through a protein-protein interaction.
In the field of molecular biology, transrepression is a process whereby one protein represses (i.e., inhibits) the activity of a second protein through a protein-protein interaction.
Tre recombinase
Tre recombinase is an experimental enzyme that in lab tests has successfully removed DNA inserted by HIV from infected cells.
Tre recombinase is an experimental enzyme that in lab tests has successfully removed DNA inserted by HIV from infected cells.
Treadmilling
Treadmilling is a phenomenon observed in many cellular cytoskeletal filaments, especially in actin filaments and microtubules.
Treadmilling is a phenomenon observed in many cellular cytoskeletal filaments, especially in actin filaments and microtubules.
Tree puzzle
TREE-PUZZLE is a computer program used to construct phylogenetic trees from sequence data by maximum likelihood analysis.
TREE-PUZZLE is a computer program used to construct phylogenetic trees from sequence data by maximum likelihood analysis.
Treefinder
Treefinder is a free computer program for the likelihood-based reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from molecular sequences.
Treefinder is a free computer program for the likelihood-based reconstruction of phylogenetic trees from molecular sequences.
Triparental mating
Triparental mating is a form of Bacterial conjugation where a conjugative plasmid present in one bacterial strain assists the transfer of a mobilizable plasmid present in a second bacterial stra...
Triparental mating is a form of Bacterial conjugation where a conjugative plasmid present in one bacterial strain assists the transfer of a mobilizable plasmid present in a second bacterial stra...
Trizol
TRIzol is a chemical solution used in RNA/DNA/protein extraction, by the reference paper from Piotr Chomczyński and Sacchi, N. in 1987.
TRIzol is a chemical solution used in RNA/DNA/protein extraction, by the reference paper from Piotr Chomczyński and Sacchi, N. in 1987.
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, abbreviated as 2-DE or 2-D electrophoresis, is a form of gel electrophoresis commonly used to analyze proteins.
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, abbreviated as 2-DE or 2-D electrophoresis, is a form of gel electrophoresis commonly used to analyze proteins.
Two-hybrid screening
Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions and protein–DNA interactions by tes...
Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions and protein–DNA interactions by tes...
UGGT
UGGT, or (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (160kDa) is a soluble enzyme resident in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
UGGT, or (UDP)-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (160kDa) is a soluble enzyme resident in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Ultrasensitivity
In molecular biology, ultrasensitivity describes an output response that is more sensitive to stimulus change than the hyperbolic Michaelis-Menten response.
In molecular biology, ultrasensitivity describes an output response that is more sensitive to stimulus change than the hyperbolic Michaelis-Menten response.
Upstream and downstream (DNA)
In molecular biology and genetics, upstream and downstream both refer to a relative position in DNA or RNA. Each strand of DNA or RNA has a 5' end and a 3' end, so named for the carbons on...
In molecular biology and genetics, upstream and downstream both refer to a relative position in DNA or RNA. Each strand of DNA or RNA has a 5' end and a 3' end, so named for the carbons on...
Upstream and downstream (transduction)
In molecular biology, the terms upstream and downstream can refer to the temporal and mechanistic order of cellular and molecular events.
In molecular biology, the terms upstream and downstream can refer to the temporal and mechanistic order of cellular and molecular events.
Upstream open reading frame
An Upstream Open Reading Frame is a very short Open Reading Frame within the 5'untranslated region of a mRNA that is a common mechanism for the regulation of eukaryotic genes expression.
An Upstream Open Reading Frame is a very short Open Reading Frame within the 5'untranslated region of a mRNA that is a common mechanism for the regulation of eukaryotic genes expression.
URA3
URA3 is a gene that encodes orotidine 5-phosphate decarboxylase (ODCase), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of pyrimidine ribonucleotides.
URA3 is a gene that encodes orotidine 5-phosphate decarboxylase (ODCase), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of pyrimidine ribonucleotides.
UVR8
UVR8 is an UV-B-sensing protein found in plants and possibly other sources.
UVR8 is an UV-B-sensing protein found in plants and possibly other sources.
Vector (molecular biology)
In molecular biology, a vector is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to transfer foreign genetic material into another cell.
In molecular biology, a vector is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to transfer foreign genetic material into another cell.
Vertical resistance
The term vertical resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank to describe single-gene resistance.
The term vertical resistance was first used by J.E. Vanderplank to describe single-gene resistance.
Vibrational circular dichroism
Vibrational circular dichroism is a spectroscopic technique which detects differences in attenuation of left and right circularly polarized light passing through a sample.
Vibrational circular dichroism is a spectroscopic technique which detects differences in attenuation of left and right circularly polarized light passing through a sample.
Viral transformation
Viral transformation most commonly refers to the virus-induced malignant transformation of an animal cell in a body or cell culture.
Viral transformation most commonly refers to the virus-induced malignant transformation of an animal cell in a body or cell culture.
Virokine
A virokine is a protein encoded by certain viruses that acts as a competitive inhibitor of a host cytokines.
A virokine is a protein encoded by certain viruses that acts as a competitive inhibitor of a host cytokines.
Visualized Experimental Biology
Visualized Experimental Biology refers to the attempt to create an online database of molecular biology laboratory techniques and protocols using a visual medium such as videos and movies.
Visualized Experimental Biology refers to the attempt to create an online database of molecular biology laboratory techniques and protocols using a visual medium such as videos and movies.
Visualized experimental biology
Visualized experimental biology refers to the attempt to create an online database of molecular biology laboratory techniques and protocols using a visual medium such as videos and movies.
Visualized experimental biology refers to the attempt to create an online database of molecular biology laboratory techniques and protocols using a visual medium such as videos and movies.
Western blot
The western blot is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in the given sample of tissue homogenate or extract.
The western blot is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in the given sample of tissue homogenate or extract.
Wetware (biology)
The term wetware is used to describe the protocols and molecular devices used in molecular biology and synthetic biology.
The term wetware is used to describe the protocols and molecular devices used in molecular biology and synthetic biology.
Whole genome sequencing
Full genome sequencing (FGS), also known as whole genome sequencing (WGS), complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is a laboratory process that determines the ...
Full genome sequencing (FGS), also known as whole genome sequencing (WGS), complete genome sequencing, or entire genome sequencing, is a laboratory process that determines the ...
xDNA
xDNA is a modified form of DNA with 8 nucleobases: the four natural bases A, C, G, and T, and four artificial modifications of these made longer by the addition of an extra benzene ring: xA, xC,...
xDNA is a modified form of DNA with 8 nucleobases: the four natural bases A, C, G, and T, and four artificial modifications of these made longer by the addition of an extra benzene ring: xA, xC,...
XRCC4
DNA repair protein XRCC4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XRCC4 gene.
DNA repair protein XRCC4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the XRCC4 gene.
Yeast artificial chromosome
A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) is a vector used to clone DNA fragments larger than 100 kb and up to 3000 kb.
A yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) is a vector used to clone DNA fragments larger than 100 kb and up to 3000 kb.
Zinc finger inhibitor
Zinc finger inhibition is the process by which the synthesis of zinc fingers is blocked.
Zinc finger inhibition is the process by which the synthesis of zinc fingers is blocked.
Zinc finger protein
A zinc finger protein is a DNA-binding protein domain consisting of zinc fingers ranging from two in the Drosophila regulator ADR1, the more common three in mammalian Sp1 up to nine in TF^^I...
A zinc finger protein is a DNA-binding protein domain consisting of zinc fingers ranging from two in the Drosophila regulator ADR1, the more common three in mammalian Sp1 up to nine in TF^^I...
Zoo blot
A zoo blot or garden blot is a type of Southern blot that demonstrates the similarity between specific, usually protein-coding, DNA sequences of different species.
A zoo blot or garden blot is a type of Southern blot that demonstrates the similarity between specific, usually protein-coding, DNA sequences of different species.
Zymography
Zymography is an electrophoretic technique, based on SDS-PAGE, that includes a substrate copolymerized with the polyacrylamide gel, for the detection of enzyme activity.
Zymography is an electrophoretic technique, based on SDS-PAGE, that includes a substrate copolymerized with the polyacrylamide gel, for the detection of enzyme activity.