SettingsMonopoly (economics)
1836 U.S. Patent Office fire
The 1836 U.S. Patent Office fire was the first of several disastrous fires the U.S. Patent Office had in its history.
The 1836 U.S. Patent Office fire was the first of several disastrous fires the U.S. Patent Office had in its history.
Author's Certificate
Certificate of Authorship - a document that establishes the right to an invention.
Certificate of Authorship - a document that establishes the right to an invention.
Average cost pricing
Average cost pricing is one of the ways government regulate a monopoly market.
Average cost pricing is one of the ways government regulate a monopoly market.
Barriers to entry
In theories of competition in economics, barriers to entry are obstacles that make it difficult to enter a given market.
In theories of competition in economics, barriers to entry are obstacles that make it difficult to enter a given market.
Barriers to exit
In economics, barriers to exit are obstacles in the path of a firm which wants to leave a given market or industrial sector.
In economics, barriers to exit are obstacles in the path of a firm which wants to leave a given market or industrial sector.
Baxter's Law
Baxter's law is a law of economics that describes how a monopoly in a regulated industry can extend into, and dominate, a non-regulated industry.
Baxter's law is a law of economics that describes how a monopoly in a regulated industry can extend into, and dominate, a non-regulated industry.
Baxter's law
Baxter's law is a law of economics that describes how a monopoly in a regulated industry can extend into, and dominate, a non-regulated industry.
Baxter's law is a law of economics that describes how a monopoly in a regulated industry can extend into, and dominate, a non-regulated industry.
Bilateral monopoly
In a bilateral monopoly there is both a monopoly and monopsony in the same market.
In a bilateral monopoly there is both a monopoly and monopsony in the same market.
Building Block Model
The building block model is a form of public utility regulation that is common in Australia.
The building block model is a form of public utility regulation that is common in Australia.
Building block model
The building block model is a form of public utility regulation that is common in Australia.
The building block model is a form of public utility regulation that is common in Australia.
Celler–Kefauver Act
The Celler-Kefauver Act is a United States federal law passed in 1950 that reformed and strengthened the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 which had amended the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.
The Celler-Kefauver Act is a United States federal law passed in 1950 that reformed and strengthened the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 which had amended the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.
Chamberlinian monopolistic competition
In Chamberlinian monopolistic competition each firm has some monopoly power, but entry drives monopoly profits to zero.
In Chamberlinian monopolistic competition each firm has some monopoly power, but entry drives monopoly profits to zero.
Coase conjecture
The Coase conjecture, developed first by Ronald Coase, is an argument in monopoly theory.
The Coase conjecture, developed first by Ronald Coase, is an argument in monopoly theory.
Coercive monopoly
In economics and business ethics, a coercive monopoly is a business concern that prohibits competitors from entering the field, with the natural result being that the firm is able to make pricin...
In economics and business ethics, a coercive monopoly is a business concern that prohibits competitors from entering the field, with the natural result being that the firm is able to make pricin...
Competition Commission (United Kingdom)
The Competition Commission is a non-departmental public body responsible for investigating mergers, markets and other enquiries related to regulated industries under competition law in the Unite...
The Competition Commission is a non-departmental public body responsible for investigating mergers, markets and other enquiries related to regulated industries under competition law in the Unite...
Competition regulator
A competition regulator is a government agency, typically a statutory authority, sometimes called an economic regulator, which regulates and enforces competition laws, and may sometimes also enf...
A competition regulator is a government agency, typically a statutory authority, sometimes called an economic regulator, which regulates and enforces competition laws, and may sometimes also enf...
Complementary monopoly
In a complementary monopoly consent must be obtained from more than one agent in order to obtain the good.
In a complementary monopoly consent must be obtained from more than one agent in order to obtain the good.
Concentration ratio
In economics, concentration ratios are measures of the total output that is produced in an industry by a given number of firms in the industry.
In economics, concentration ratios are measures of the total output that is produced in an industry by a given number of firms in the industry.
Contestable market
In economics, the theory of contestable markets, associated primarily with its 1982 proponent William J. Baumol, holds that there exist markets served by a small number of firms, which are never...
In economics, the theory of contestable markets, associated primarily with its 1982 proponent William J. Baumol, holds that there exist markets served by a small number of firms, which are never...
Copyright
Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by most governments, giving the creator of an original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time.
Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by most governments, giving the creator of an original work exclusive rights to it, usually for a limited time.
Copyright law of the European Union
The copyright law of the European Union has arisen in an attempt to harmonise the differing copyright laws of European Union member states.
The copyright law of the European Union has arisen in an attempt to harmonise the differing copyright laws of European Union member states.
Copyright on typefaces
Some jurisdictions recognise copyright on typefaces.
Some jurisdictions recognise copyright on typefaces.
Copyright term
Copyright term is the length of time copyright subsists in a work before it passes into the public domain.
Copyright term is the length of time copyright subsists in a work before it passes into the public domain.
De facto monopoly
A de facto monopoly is a monopoly that was not created by government.
A de facto monopoly is a monopoly that was not created by government.
Decartelization
Decartelization is the transition of a national economy from monopoly control by groups of large businesses, known as cartels, to a free market economy.
Decartelization is the transition of a national economy from monopoly control by groups of large businesses, known as cartels, to a free market economy.
Demonopolization
Demonopolization means to break up an existing monopoly.
Demonopolization means to break up an existing monopoly.
Dominance (economics)
Market dominance is a measure of the strength of a brand, product, service, or firm, relative to competitive offerings.
Market dominance is a measure of the strength of a brand, product, service, or firm, relative to competitive offerings.
Economies of scope
Kishore Economies of scope are conceptually similar to economies of scale.
Kishore Economies of scope are conceptually similar to economies of scale.
Eisenkammer Pirna
The Eisenkammer Pirna ("Iron Chamber") was an electoral Saxon institution, whose task it was to distribute and allocate the iron products within its area of responsibility (Revier), the so-c...
The Eisenkammer Pirna ("Iron Chamber") was an electoral Saxon institution, whose task it was to distribute and allocate the iron products within its area of responsibility (Revier), the so-c...
Electric power distribution
Electricity distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electricity to end users.
Electricity distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electricity to end users.
Electric power transmission
Electric-power transmission is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to electrical substations located near demand centers.
Electric-power transmission is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to electrical substations located near demand centers.
Electric-power transmission
Electric-power transmission or "high-voltage electric transmission" is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to substations located near population centers.
Electric-power transmission or "high-voltage electric transmission" is the bulk transfer of electrical energy, from generating power plants to substations located near population centers.
Electricity liberalization
Electricity liberalization refers to the liberalization of electricity markets.
Electricity liberalization refers to the liberalization of electricity markets.
Government monopoly
In economics, a government monopoly (or public monopoly) is a form of coercive monopoly in which a government agency or government corporation is the sole provider of a particular good or ...
In economics, a government monopoly (or public monopoly) is a form of coercive monopoly in which a government agency or government corporation is the sole provider of a particular good or ...
Government-granted monopoly
In economics, a government-granted monopoly is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or s...
In economics, a government-granted monopoly is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or s...
Herfindahl index
The Herfindahl index (also known as Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, or HHI) is a measure of the size of firms in relation to the industry and an indicator of the amount of competition am...
The Herfindahl index (also known as Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, or HHI) is a measure of the size of firms in relation to the industry and an indicator of the amount of competition am...
History of monopoly
The Sherman Antitrust Act was the first Federal statute to limit cartels and monopolies, and today still forms the basis for most antitrust litigation by the United States federal government.
The Sherman Antitrust Act was the first Federal statute to limit cartels and monopolies, and today still forms the basis for most antitrust litigation by the United States federal government.
History of patent law
The history of patents and patent laws is generally considered to have started in Italy with a Venetian Statute of 1474 which was issued by the Republic of Venice.
The history of patents and patent laws is generally considered to have started in Italy with a Venetian Statute of 1474 which was issued by the Republic of Venice.
Intellectual property
Intellectual property is a term referring to a number of distinct types of creations of the mind for which a set of exclusive rights are recognized under the corresponding fields of law.
Intellectual property is a term referring to a number of distinct types of creations of the mind for which a set of exclusive rights are recognized under the corresponding fields of law.
Intellectual property valuation
Furthermore, intellectual property (IP) valuation is considered as one of the most important management strategic issues.
Furthermore, intellectual property (IP) valuation is considered as one of the most important management strategic issues.
Legal monopoly
A legal monopoly, statutory monopoly, or de jure monopoly is a monopoly that is protected by law from competition.
A legal monopoly, statutory monopoly, or de jure monopoly is a monopoly that is protected by law from competition.
Limit price
A limit price is the price set by a monopolist to discourage entry into a market, and is illegal in many countries.
A limit price is the price set by a monopolist to discourage entry into a market, and is illegal in many countries.
Market concentration
In economics, market concentration is a function of the number of firms and their respective shares of the total production (alternatively, total capacity or total reserves) in a market.
In economics, market concentration is a function of the number of firms and their respective shares of the total production (alternatively, total capacity or total reserves) in a market.
Monopolization
The term monopolization refers to an offense under Section 2 of the American Sherman Antitrust Act, passed in 1890.
The term monopolization refers to an offense under Section 2 of the American Sherman Antitrust Act, passed in 1890.
Monopoly
A monopoly exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity.
A monopoly exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity.
Monopoly profit
Therefore, a monopoly Situation usually allows the firm to set a monopoly price which is higher than the price that would be found in a more competitive industry., and to generate an economic p...
Therefore, a monopoly Situation usually allows the firm to set a monopoly price which is higher than the price that would be found in a more competitive industry., and to generate an economic p...
Monopsony
In economics, a monopsony (from Ancient Greek μόνος (monos) "single" + ὀψωνία (opsōnia) "purchase") is a market form in which only one buyer faces many sellers.
In economics, a monopsony (from Ancient Greek μόνος (monos) "single" + ὀψωνία (opsōnia) "purchase") is a market form in which only one buyer faces many sellers.
Municipalization
Municipalization is the transfer of corporations or other assets to municipal ownership.
Municipalization is the transfer of corporations or other assets to municipal ownership.
National Competition Policy
The term National Competition Policy refers to a set of policies introduced in Australia in the 1990s with the aim of promoting microeconomic reform.
The term National Competition Policy refers to a set of policies introduced in Australia in the 1990s with the aim of promoting microeconomic reform.
National Competition Policy (Australia)
The term National Competition Policy refers to a set of policies introduced in Australia in the 1990s with the aim of promoting microeconomic reform.
The term National Competition Policy refers to a set of policies introduced in Australia in the 1990s with the aim of promoting microeconomic reform.
Nationalization
Nationalisation, also spelled nationalization, is the process of taking an industry or assets into government ownership by a national government or state.
Nationalisation, also spelled nationalization, is the process of taking an industry or assets into government ownership by a national government or state.
Natural monopoly
A natural monopoly by contrast is a condition on the cost-technology of an industry whereby it is most efficient for production to be concentrated in a single firm.
A natural monopoly by contrast is a condition on the cost-technology of an industry whereby it is most efficient for production to be concentrated in a single firm.
Network effect
In economics and business, a network effect (also called network externality or demand-side economies of scale) is the effect that one user of a good or service has on the value of t...
In economics and business, a network effect (also called network externality or demand-side economies of scale) is the effect that one user of a good or service has on the value of t...
Pacman conjecture
The Pacman Conjecture holds that durable goods monopolists have complete market power and so can exercise perfect price discrimination thus extracting the total surplus.
The Pacman Conjecture holds that durable goods monopolists have complete market power and so can exercise perfect price discrimination thus extracting the total surplus.
Patent Office 1836 fire
The Patent Office 1836 fire was the first of several disastrous fires the U.S. Patent Office has had in its history.
The Patent Office 1836 fire was the first of several disastrous fires the U.S. Patent Office has had in its history.
Patent office 1877 fire
The Patent Office 1877 fire was the second of several distastrous fires the U.S. Patent Office has had in its history.
The Patent Office 1877 fire was the second of several distastrous fires the U.S. Patent Office has had in its history.
Patent Office 1877 fire
The Patent Office 1877 fire was the second of several distastrous fires in the history of the U.S. Patent Office.
The Patent Office 1877 fire was the second of several distastrous fires in the history of the U.S. Patent Office.
Patent portfolio
A patent portfolio is a collection of patents owned by a single entity, such as an individual or corporation.
A patent portfolio is a collection of patents owned by a single entity, such as an individual or corporation.
Practice of law
In its most general sense, the practice of law involves giving legal advice to clients, drafting legal documents for clients, and representing clients in legal negotiations and court proceedings...
In its most general sense, the practice of law involves giving legal advice to clients, drafting legal documents for clients, and representing clients in legal negotiations and court proceedings...
Predatory pricing
In business and economics, predatory pricing is the hypothetical practice of selling a product or service at a very low price, intending to drive competitors out of the market, or create barrier...
In business and economics, predatory pricing is the hypothetical practice of selling a product or service at a very low price, intending to drive competitors out of the market, or create barrier...
Price discrimination
Price discrimination or price differentiation exists when sales of identical goods or services are transacted at different prices from the same provider.
Price discrimination or price differentiation exists when sales of identical goods or services are transacted at different prices from the same provider.
Price-cap regulation
Price-cap regulation is a form of regulation designed in the 1980s by UK Treasury economist Stephen Littlechild, which has been applied to all of the privatized British network utilities.
Price-cap regulation is a form of regulation designed in the 1980s by UK Treasury economist Stephen Littlechild, which has been applied to all of the privatized British network utilities.
Private finance initiative
The private finance initiative is a way of creating "public–private partnerships" by funding public infrastructure projects with private capital.
The private finance initiative is a way of creating "public–private partnerships" by funding public infrastructure projects with private capital.
Privatization
Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency, public service or property from the public sector to the private sector or to private non-p...
Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency, public service or property from the public sector to the private sector or to private non-p...
Public utility
A public utility (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using that infrastructure).
A public utility (usually just utility) is an organization that maintains the infrastructure for a public service (often also providing a service using that infrastructure).
Quasi-rent
Quasi-rent is an analytical term in economics, for the income earned, in excess of post-investment opportunity cost, by a sunk cost investment.
Quasi-rent is an analytical term in economics, for the income earned, in excess of post-investment opportunity cost, by a sunk cost investment.
Ramsey problem
The Ramsey problem, or Ramsey-Boiteux pricing, is a policy rule concerning what price a monopolist should set, in order to maximize social welfare, subject to a constraint on profit.
The Ramsey problem, or Ramsey-Boiteux pricing, is a policy rule concerning what price a monopolist should set, in order to maximize social welfare, subject to a constraint on profit.
Rate-of-return regulation
Rate-of-return regulation is a system for setting the prices charged by regulated monopolies.
Rate-of-return regulation is a system for setting the prices charged by regulated monopolies.
Regulatory economics
Regulatory economics is the economics of regulation, in the sense of the application of law by government that is used for various purposes, such as centrally-planning an economy, remedying mark...
Regulatory economics is the economics of regulation, in the sense of the application of law by government that is used for various purposes, such as centrally-planning an economy, remedying mark...
Revenue-cap regulation
Revenue-cap regulation regulation is a system for setting the prices charged by regulated monopolies.
Revenue-cap regulation regulation is a system for setting the prices charged by regulated monopolies.
Sherman Antitrust Act
The Sherman Antitrust Act is a landmark federal statute on competition law passed by Congress in 1890.
The Sherman Antitrust Act is a landmark federal statute on competition law passed by Congress in 1890.
Special 301 Report
The Special 301 Report is prepared annually by the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) under Section 301 as amended of the Trade Act of 1974.
The Special 301 Report is prepared annually by the Office of the United States Trade Representative (USTR) under Section 301 as amended of the Trade Act of 1974.
State monopoly capitalism
The theory of state monopoly capitalism was initially a Marxist doctrine popularised after World War II. Lenin had claimed in 1916 that World War I had transformed laissez-faire capitalism into ...
The theory of state monopoly capitalism was initially a Marxist doctrine popularised after World War II. Lenin had claimed in 1916 that World War I had transformed laissez-faire capitalism into ...
Statute of Monopolies
The Statute of Monopolies was an Act of the Parliament of England notable as the first statutory expression of English patent law.
The Statute of Monopolies was an Act of the Parliament of England notable as the first statutory expression of English patent law.
Supracompetitive pricing
Supracompetitive pricing is pricing above what can be sustained in a competitive market.
Supracompetitive pricing is pricing above what can be sustained in a competitive market.
Switching barriers
Switching barriers or switching costs are terms used in microeconomics, strategic management, and marketing to describe any impediment to a customer's changing of suppliers.
Switching barriers or switching costs are terms used in microeconomics, strategic management, and marketing to describe any impediment to a customer's changing of suppliers.
Tesco Town
Tesco Town is British slang for an area where there is a dominant supermarket arguably stifling other competitors in the area.
Tesco Town is British slang for an area where there is a dominant supermarket arguably stifling other competitors in the area.
Third-party access
Third party access policies require owners of natural monopoly infrastructure facilities to grant access to those facilities to parties other than their own customers, usually competitors in the...
Third party access policies require owners of natural monopoly infrastructure facilities to grant access to those facilities to parties other than their own customers, usually competitors in the...
Trust (monopoly)
A "trust," or "corporate trust" means a large business.
A "trust," or "corporate trust" means a large business.
Wartime Law on Industrial Property
Wartime Law on Industrial Property (Kogyo Shoyuken Senji Ho) was a special law enacted by the Government of Japan in 1917, which declared that any patents owned by the nationals of countries in ...
Wartime Law on Industrial Property (Kogyo Shoyuken Senji Ho) was a special law enacted by the Government of Japan in 1917, which declared that any patents owned by the nationals of countries in ...
Water industry
The water industry provides drinking water and wastewater services to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy.
The water industry provides drinking water and wastewater services to residential, commercial, and industrial sectors of the economy.