SettingsRacially motivated violence against African Americans
16th Street Baptist Church bombing
The 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama was bombed on Sunday, September 15, 1963 as an act of racially motivated terrorism.
The 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama was bombed on Sunday, September 15, 1963 as an act of racially motivated terrorism.
1920 Duluth lynchings
The 1920 Duluth Lynchings occurred on June 15, 1920, when three black circus workers were attacked and lynched by a mob in Duluth, Minnesota.
The 1920 Duluth Lynchings occurred on June 15, 1920, when three black circus workers were attacked and lynched by a mob in Duluth, Minnesota.
1946 Georgia lynching
The 1946 Georgia lynching was a quadruple killing that took place in the northern part of the U.S. state of Georgia in the summer of 1946.
The 1946 Georgia lynching was a quadruple killing that took place in the northern part of the U.S. state of Georgia in the summer of 1946.
Alexander Manly
Alexander (or Alex) Manly (1866-1944) was an African-American newspaper editor in North Carolina in the late 19th century and a descendant of North Carolina Gov.
Alexander (or Alex) Manly (1866-1944) was an African-American newspaper editor in North Carolina in the late 19th century and a descendant of North Carolina Gov.
Arthur McDuffie
Arthur McDuffie was an African American who died as a result of injuried suffered at the hands of five white Miami-Dade police officers after a traffic stop was conducted.
Arthur McDuffie was an African American who died as a result of injuried suffered at the hands of five white Miami-Dade police officers after a traffic stop was conducted.
Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Martin Luther King, Jr., a prominent American leader of the African-American civil rights movement and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, was assassinated at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, ...
Martin Luther King, Jr., a prominent American leader of the African-American civil rights movement and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, was assassinated at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, ...
Atlanta Race Riot
The Atlanta Race Riot of 1906 was a mass civil disturbance in Atlanta, Georgia, USA which began the evening of September 22 and lasted until September 26, 1906.
The Atlanta Race Riot of 1906 was a mass civil disturbance in Atlanta, Georgia, USA which began the evening of September 22 and lasted until September 26, 1906.
Banished (film)
Banished is a 2007 documentary film about four U.S. cities, which were part of many communities that violently forced African American families to flee in post-reconstruction America.
Banished is a 2007 documentary film about four U.S. cities, which were part of many communities that violently forced African American families to flee in post-reconstruction America.
Barack Obama assassination scare in Denver
The Barack Obama assassination scare in Denver refers to an alleged plot by Shawn Robert Adolf, Tharin Robert Gartrell and Nathan Dwaine Johnson to assassinate Barack Obama, then the 2008 Democr...
The Barack Obama assassination scare in Denver refers to an alleged plot by Shawn Robert Adolf, Tharin Robert Gartrell and Nathan Dwaine Johnson to assassinate Barack Obama, then the 2008 Democr...
Barack Obama assassination scare in Tennessee
The Barack Obama assassination scare in Tennessee refers to an alleged plot by Paul Schlesselman and Daniel Cowart to assassinate Barack Obama, then 2008 Democratic Party presidential nominee.
The Barack Obama assassination scare in Tennessee refers to an alleged plot by Paul Schlesselman and Daniel Cowart to assassinate Barack Obama, then 2008 Democratic Party presidential nominee.
Barack Obama assassination threats
Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, has been the target of several assassination threats and alleged plots since he first became a presidential candidate in 2007.
Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, has been the target of several assassination threats and alleged plots since he first became a presidential candidate in 2007.
Beaumont Race Riot of 1943
The 1943 race riots in Beaumont, Texas, were a series of racially targeted violence during the summer months of 1943 in Beaumont, Texas.
The 1943 race riots in Beaumont, Texas, were a series of racially targeted violence during the summer months of 1943 in Beaumont, Texas.
Brandon McClelland
Brandon "Big Boy" McClelland (born ca.
Brandon "Big Boy" McClelland (born ca.
Byron De La Beckwith
Byron De La Beckwith, Jr. was an American white supremacist and Klansman from Greenwood, Mississippi who was convicted in the 1994 state trial of assassinating the civil rights leader Medgar Eve...
Byron De La Beckwith, Jr. was an American white supremacist and Klansman from Greenwood, Mississippi who was convicted in the 1994 state trial of assassinating the civil rights leader Medgar Eve...
Cecil Price
Cecil Ray Price (April 15, 1938 – May 6, 2001) was linked to the murders of three civil rights workers in 1964.
Cecil Ray Price (April 15, 1938 – May 6, 2001) was linked to the murders of three civil rights workers in 1964.
Colfax massacre
The Colfax massacre or Colfax Riot occurred on Easter Sunday, April 13, 1873, in Colfax, Louisiana, the seat of Grant Parish, during Reconstruction, when white militia attacked freedmen at...
The Colfax massacre or Colfax Riot occurred on Easter Sunday, April 13, 1873, in Colfax, Louisiana, the seat of Grant Parish, during Reconstruction, when white militia attacked freedmen at...
Cordie Cheek
Cordie Cheek (1916 – 15 December 1933) was the African American victim of a race-hate murder.
Cordie Cheek (1916 – 15 December 1933) was the African American victim of a race-hate murder.
Cross burning
Cross burning or cross lighting is a practice widely associated with the Ku Klux Klan, although the historical practice long predates the Klan's inception.
Cross burning or cross lighting is a practice widely associated with the Ku Klux Klan, although the historical practice long predates the Klan's inception.
Death of James Craig Anderson
James Craig Anderson was a 49-year-old African American who died after being run over, in Jackson, Mississippi on 26 June 2011 by a truck allegedly driven by 18-year old Deryl Dedmon.
James Craig Anderson was a 49-year-old African American who died after being run over, in Jackson, Mississippi on 26 June 2011 by a truck allegedly driven by 18-year old Deryl Dedmon.
Death of Yusef Hawkins
Yusef Hawkins was a 16-year-old African American youth who was shot to death on August 23, 1989 in Bensonhurst, a heavily Italian American working-class neighborhood in the New York City borough...
Yusef Hawkins was a 16-year-old African American youth who was shot to death on August 23, 1989 in Bensonhurst, a heavily Italian American working-class neighborhood in the New York City borough...
Deryl Dedmon
Deryl Dedmon is a teenager from Brandon, Mississippi charged with murder in the 2011 killing of James Craig Anderson.
Deryl Dedmon is a teenager from Brandon, Mississippi charged with murder in the 2011 killing of James Craig Anderson.
Detroit Race Riot (1863)
The Detroit Race Riot of 1863 occurred on March 6, 1863 in the city of Detroit, Michigan.
The Detroit Race Riot of 1863 occurred on March 6, 1863 in the city of Detroit, Michigan.
Dick Rowland
Dick Rowland was an African American teen-age shoeshiner whose arrest in May 1921 was the impetus for the Tulsa Race Riot.
Dick Rowland was an African American teen-age shoeshiner whose arrest in May 1921 was the impetus for the Tulsa Race Riot.
East St. Louis Riot
The East St. Louis Riot (May and July 1917) was an outbreak of labor- and race-related violence that caused between 40 and 200 deaths and extensive property damage.
The East St. Louis Riot (May and July 1917) was an outbreak of labor- and race-related violence that caused between 40 and 200 deaths and extensive property damage.
Elaine Race Riot
The Elaine Race Riot, also called the Elaine Massacre, occurred September 30, 1919 in the town of Elaine in Phillips County, Arkansas, in the Arkansas Delta, where sharecropping by African...
The Elaine Race Riot, also called the Elaine Massacre, occurred September 30, 1919 in the town of Elaine in Phillips County, Arkansas, in the Arkansas Delta, where sharecropping by African...
Emmett Till
Emmett Louis Till was an African-American boy who was murdered in Mississippi at the age of 14 after reportedly flirting with a white woman.
Emmett Louis Till was an African-American boy who was murdered in Mississippi at the age of 14 after reportedly flirting with a white woman.
George W. Lee
George W. Lee (1904 – May 7, 1955) was an African American civil rights leader, minister, and entrepreneur.
George W. Lee (1904 – May 7, 1955) was an African American civil rights leader, minister, and entrepreneur.
Harriette Moore
Harriette Vyda Simms Moore (June 19, 1902 – January 3, 1952) was an African-American teacher and civil rights worker.
Harriette Vyda Simms Moore (June 19, 1902 – January 3, 1952) was an African-American teacher and civil rights worker.
Harry T. Moore
Harry Tyson Moore was an African-American teacher, and founder of the first branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in Brevard County, Florida.
Harry Tyson Moore was an African-American teacher, and founder of the first branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in Brevard County, Florida.
Henry Smith (lynching victim)
Henry Smith (born 1876) was an African-American who was tortured and murdered at a public, heavily attended and promoted lynching on February 1, 1893 at the Paris Fairgrounds in Paris, Texas.
Henry Smith (born 1876) was an African-American who was tortured and murdered at a public, heavily attended and promoted lynching on February 1, 1893 at the Paris Fairgrounds in Paris, Texas.
History of Marshall, Texas
The History of Marshall, Texas follows the city; from its founding as an administrative center of the Republic of Texas, through its rise to be one of the largest cities in the early State of Te...
The History of Marshall, Texas follows the city; from its founding as an administrative center of the Republic of Texas, through its rise to be one of the largest cities in the early State of Te...
Isaac Woodard
Isaac Woodard, Jr., often written Isaac Woodward, was an African American World War II veteran whose 1946 beating and maiming, hours after being discharged from the United States Army, spa...
Isaac Woodard, Jr., often written Isaac Woodward, was an African American World War II veteran whose 1946 beating and maiming, hours after being discharged from the United States Army, spa...
Jack Trice
Johnny "Jack" Trice (1902 – October 8, 1923) was a football player who became the first African-American athlete from Iowa State College (now Iowa State University).
Johnny "Jack" Trice (1902 – October 8, 1923) was a football player who became the first African-American athlete from Iowa State College (now Iowa State University).
James Chaney
James Earl "J.E." Chaney, from Meridian, Mississippi, was one of three American civil rights workers who were murdered during Freedom Summer by members of the Ku Klux Klan near Philadelphia.
James Earl "J.E." Chaney, from Meridian, Mississippi, was one of three American civil rights workers who were murdered during Freedom Summer by members of the Ku Klux Klan near Philadelphia.
James Craig Anderson
James Craig Anderson was a 49-year-old African American who died after, as authorities allege, being repeatedly beaten and robbed by white teens, and run over, in Jackson, Mississippi on June 26...
James Craig Anderson was a 49-year-old African American who died after, as authorities allege, being repeatedly beaten and robbed by white teens, and run over, in Jackson, Mississippi on June 26...
James Meredith
James Howard Meredith is an American civil rights movement figure, a writer, and a political adviser.
James Howard Meredith is an American civil rights movement figure, a writer, and a political adviser.
Jesse Washington lynching
The Jesse Washington lynching, or Waco Horror, was the disfigurement, torture, and lynching of a 17-year old African American farmhand from Waco, Texas, United States, on May 15, 1916.
The Jesse Washington lynching, or Waco Horror, was the disfigurement, torture, and lynching of a 17-year old African American farmhand from Waco, Texas, United States, on May 15, 1916.
Jimmie Lee Jackson
Jimmie Lee Jackson was a civil rights protestor who was shot and killed by Alabama State Trooper James Bonard Fowler in 1965.
Jimmie Lee Jackson was a civil rights protestor who was shot and killed by Alabama State Trooper James Bonard Fowler in 1965.
Joe Coe
Joe Coe, also known as George Smith, was an African-American laborer who was lynched on October 18, 1891 in Omaha, Nebraska.
Joe Coe, also known as George Smith, was an African-American laborer who was lynched on October 18, 1891 in Omaha, Nebraska.
Johnny Bright Incident
The "Johnny Bright Incident" was a violent on-field assault against African-American player Johnny Bright by White American player Wilbanks Smith during an American college football game held o...
The "Johnny Bright Incident" was a violent on-field assault against African-American player Johnny Bright by White American player Wilbanks Smith during an American college football game held o...
Ku Klux Klan
Ku Klux Klan, often abbreviated KKK and informally known as the Klan, is the name of three distinct past and present far-right organizations in the United States, which have advocate...
Ku Klux Klan, often abbreviated KKK and informally known as the Klan, is the name of three distinct past and present far-right organizations in the United States, which have advocate...
Laurence C. Jones
Laurence Clifton Jones, was the founder and long-time president of Piney Woods Country Life School in the United States state of Mississippi.
Laurence Clifton Jones, was the founder and long-time president of Piney Woods Country Life School in the United States state of Mississippi.
Lemuel Penn
Lt. Col. Lemuel Augustus Penn (September 19, 1915, Washington, D.C. – July 11, 1964 in Madison County, Georgia) was a decorated veteran of World War II and a United States Army Reserve off...
Lt. Col. Lemuel Augustus Penn (September 19, 1915, Washington, D.C. – July 11, 1964 in Madison County, Georgia) was a decorated veteran of World War II and a United States Army Reserve off...
Lombard Street Riot
The Lombard Street Riot, sometimes called the Abolition Riots was a three-day race riot in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1842.
The Lombard Street Riot, sometimes called the Abolition Riots was a three-day race riot in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1842.
Louis Allen
Louis Allen was an African-American logger and civil rights activist, involved in voter registration in the small town of Liberty, Mississippi.
Louis Allen was an African-American logger and civil rights activist, involved in voter registration in the small town of Liberty, Mississippi.
Lynching of Ell Persons
Ell Persons was an African American man who was lynched on 22 May 1917, after he was accused of having raped and murdered a 16-year-old white girl, Antoinette Rappel, in Memphis, Tennessee, Unit...
Ell Persons was an African American man who was lynched on 22 May 1917, after he was accused of having raped and murdered a 16-year-old white girl, Antoinette Rappel, in Memphis, Tennessee, Unit...
Lynching of Jesse Washington
The Jesse Washington lynching was the disfigurement, torture, and lynching of a 17-year old African American farmhand from Waco, Texas, United States, on May 15, 1916.
The Jesse Washington lynching was the disfigurement, torture, and lynching of a 17-year old African American farmhand from Waco, Texas, United States, on May 15, 1916.
Lynching of Laura and Lawrence Nelson
Laura and Lawrence Nelson were African-Americans who were lynched in Okemah, Oklahoma, on May 25, 1911.
Laura and Lawrence Nelson were African-Americans who were lynched in Okemah, Oklahoma, on May 25, 1911.
Mack Charles Parker
Mack Charles Parker (1936 – April 24, 1959) was an African-American victim of lynching in the United States.
Mack Charles Parker (1936 – April 24, 1959) was an African-American victim of lynching in the United States.
Mary Turner
Mary Turner (died 1918) was an African-American victim of lynching in Valdosta, Georgia.
Mary Turner (died 1918) was an African-American victim of lynching in Valdosta, Georgia.
Medgar Evers
Medgar Wiley Evers was an African American civil rights activist from Mississippi involved in efforts to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi.
Medgar Wiley Evers was an African American civil rights activist from Mississippi involved in efforts to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi.
Megan Williams case
The Megan Williams case involves a 20-year-old African American woman from West Virginia who originally claimed that she was kidnapped, raped and tortured in an allegedly racist attack by six w...
The Megan Williams case involves a 20-year-old African American woman from West Virginia who originally claimed that she was kidnapped, raped and tortured in an allegedly racist attack by six w...
Meridian race riot of 1871
The Meridian race riot of 1871, also called the Meridian Riot, was a race riot in Meridian, Mississippi in March 1871.
The Meridian race riot of 1871, also called the Meridian Riot, was a race riot in Meridian, Mississippi in March 1871.
Michael Donald
Michael Donald was a young African American man who was murdered by two Ku Klux Klan members in Mobile, Alabama in 1981.
Michael Donald was a young African American man who was murdered by two Ku Klux Klan members in Mobile, Alabama in 1981.
Mulugeta Seraw
Mulugeta Seraw was an Ethiopian student and father who went to the United States to attend college.
Mulugeta Seraw was an Ethiopian student and father who went to the United States to attend college.
Murder of James Byrd, Jr.
James Byrd, Jr. (May 2, 1949 – June 7, 1998) was an African-American who was murdered by three white men, asserted to be white supremacists, during a racially motivated crime in Jasper, T...
James Byrd, Jr. (May 2, 1949 – June 7, 1998) was an African-American who was murdered by three white men, asserted to be white supremacists, during a racially motivated crime in Jasper, T...
Murder of James Craig Anderson
James Craig Anderson was a 49-year-old African American who died after being run over, in Jackson, Mississippi on June 26, 2011, by a truck driven by 18-year old Deryl Dedmon.
James Craig Anderson was a 49-year-old African American who died after being run over, in Jackson, Mississippi on June 26, 2011, by a truck driven by 18-year old Deryl Dedmon.
Murder of Jan Pawel and Quiana Jenkins Pietrzak
The Murder of Jan Paweł Pietrzak and Quiana Jenkins Pietrzak relates to the events surrounding the 2008 deaths of United States Marine Corps Sergeant Jan Paweł Pietrzak and his 26-year-old wife ...
The Murder of Jan Paweł Pietrzak and Quiana Jenkins Pietrzak relates to the events surrounding the 2008 deaths of United States Marine Corps Sergeant Jan Paweł Pietrzak and his 26-year-old wife ...
Murder of Louis Allen
Louis Allen (murdered January 31, 1964) was an African-American logger and civil rights activist, involved in voter registration in the small town of Liberty, Mississippi.
Louis Allen (murdered January 31, 1964) was an African-American logger and civil rights activist, involved in voter registration in the small town of Liberty, Mississippi.
Octavius Catto
Octavius Valentine Catto (22 February 1839 – 10 October 1871) was a black educator, intellectual, and civil rights activist.
Octavius Valentine Catto (22 February 1839 – 10 October 1871) was a black educator, intellectual, and civil rights activist.
Ole Miss riot of 1962
The Ole Miss riot 1962 was a riot fought between Southern segregationist civilians and federal and state forces as a result of the forced enrollment of black student James Meredith at the Univer...
The Ole Miss riot 1962 was a riot fought between Southern segregationist civilians and federal and state forces as a result of the forced enrollment of black student James Meredith at the Univer...
Orangeburg massacre
The Orangeburg massacre was an incident on February 8, 1968, in which nine South Carolina Highway Patrol officers in Orangeburg, South Carolina, fired into an aggravated but unarmed mob protesti...
The Orangeburg massacre was an incident on February 8, 1968, in which nine South Carolina Highway Patrol officers in Orangeburg, South Carolina, fired into an aggravated but unarmed mob protesti...
Progressive Farmers and Household Union of America
The Progressive Farmers and Household Union of America was a union of African-American tenant farmers (sharecroppers).
The Progressive Farmers and Household Union of America was a union of African-American tenant farmers (sharecroppers).
Pulaski Riot
The Pulaski Riot was a race riot that occurred in the town of Pulaski, Tennessee in the summer of 1868.
The Pulaski Riot was a race riot that occurred in the town of Pulaski, Tennessee in the summer of 1868.
Raymond Gunn
Raymond Gunn (January 11, 1904-January 12, 1931) was a black man killed by a mob in Maryville, Missouri, United States, after he confessed to killing and attempting to rape a white school teache...
Raymond Gunn (January 11, 1904-January 12, 1931) was a black man killed by a mob in Maryville, Missouri, United States, after he confessed to killing and attempting to rape a white school teache...
Rosewood massacre
The Rosewood massacre was a violent, racially motivated conflict that took place during the first week of January 1923 in rural Levy County, Florida, United States.
The Rosewood massacre was a violent, racially motivated conflict that took place during the first week of January 1923 in rural Levy County, Florida, United States.
Sam Hose
Sam Hose was an African American worker who was brutally tortured and executed by a lynch mob in Coweta County, Georgia.
Sam Hose was an African American worker who was brutally tortured and executed by a lynch mob in Coweta County, Georgia.
Shooting of Trayvon Martin
The fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin by George Zimmerman took place on February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States.
The fatal shooting of Trayvon Martin by George Zimmerman took place on February 26, 2012, in Sanford, Florida, United States.
Spook Hunters
The Spook Hunters were a white racist youth gang of South Gate, California, active from the 1940s to the 1950s.
The Spook Hunters were a white racist youth gang of South Gate, California, active from the 1940s to the 1950s.
Springfield Race Riot of 1908
The Springfield Race Riot of 1908 was a mass civil disturbance in Springfield, Illinois, USA sparked by the transfer of two African American prisoners out of the city jail by the county sheriff.
The Springfield Race Riot of 1908 was a mass civil disturbance in Springfield, Illinois, USA sparked by the transfer of two African American prisoners out of the city jail by the county sheriff.
Thibodaux massacre
The Thibodaux Massacre was a violent labor dispute and racial attack in Thibodaux, Louisiana in November 1887.
The Thibodaux Massacre was a violent labor dispute and racial attack in Thibodaux, Louisiana in November 1887.
Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith
Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith were two African-American men who were lynched on August 7, 1930 in Marion, Indiana.
Thomas Shipp and Abram Smith were two African-American men who were lynched on August 7, 1930 in Marion, Indiana.
Tulsa race riot
The Tulsa Race Riot was a large-scale racially motivated conflict on May 31 and June 1, 1921, between the white and black communities of Tulsa, Oklahoma, in which the wealthiest African-American...
The Tulsa Race Riot was a large-scale racially motivated conflict on May 31 and June 1, 1921, between the white and black communities of Tulsa, Oklahoma, in which the wealthiest African-American...
Tulsa Reparations Coalition
The Oklahoma Commission to Study the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, also called the 1921 Race Riot Commission, was authorized in 1997 by the Oklahoma State Legislature.
The Oklahoma Commission to Study the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921, also called the 1921 Race Riot Commission, was authorized in 1997 by the Oklahoma State Legislature.
Vernon Dahmer
Vernon Ferdinand Dahmer, Sr. (March 10, 1908 - January 11, 1966) was an American civil rights leader and president of the Forrest County chapter of the NAACP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
Vernon Ferdinand Dahmer, Sr. (March 10, 1908 - January 11, 1966) was an American civil rights leader and president of the Forrest County chapter of the NAACP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.
Willie Edwards
Willie Edwards, Jr. was a 24-year-old African American, husband and father, murdered by members of the Alabama Ku Klux Klan.
Willie Edwards, Jr. was a 24-year-old African American, husband and father, murdered by members of the Alabama Ku Klux Klan.
Willie Turks
Willie Turks (February 4, 1948 - June 22, 1982) was a subway car maintenance worker who was fatally beaten by a white mob in the Gravesend section of Brooklyn, New York.
Willie Turks (February 4, 1948 - June 22, 1982) was a subway car maintenance worker who was fatally beaten by a white mob in the Gravesend section of Brooklyn, New York.
Wilmington Insurrection of 1898
The Wilmington Insurrection of 1898, also known as the Wilmington Massacre of 1898 or the Wilmington Race Riot of 1898, occurred in Wilmington, North Carolina on November 10, 1898 an...
The Wilmington Insurrection of 1898, also known as the Wilmington Massacre of 1898 or the Wilmington Race Riot of 1898, occurred in Wilmington, North Carolina on November 10, 1898 an...
Yusef Hawkins
Yusef Hawkins (also spelled as Yusuf Hawkins, March 19, 1973 – August 23, 1989) was a 16-year-old African American youth who was shot to death on August 23, 1989 in Bensonhurst, a hea...
Yusef Hawkins (also spelled as Yusuf Hawkins, March 19, 1973 – August 23, 1989) was a 16-year-old African American youth who was shot to death on August 23, 1989 in Bensonhurst, a hea...