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  2. Livius Andronicus lĭˈvēəs ăndrənīˈkəs , fl. 3d cent. b.c., Roman poet, a Greek, b. Tarentum (Taranto). He was captured and made a slave at the fall of Tarentum and was freed by his master, a Livian noble, hence his name. Later he became a teacher and an actor.
  3. The close of the First Punic War (c.240 BC) marks the beginning of literary work in Rome with the plays of the slave Livius Andronicus, adapted from the Greek. The epic poet Gnaeus Naevius also wrote dramas, but he was far surpassed by the greatest of
  4. As a result of the intensified interest in Greek and Roman culture, especially the works of Plato and Cicero, classical standards were reinstated as the ideal norm in literature. In Florence, the early center of Renaissance learning, Cosimo de' Medici gathered a circle of humanists (see humanism ) who collected, studied, expounded, and imitated ...
  5. In the late classical period (400-300 b.c.) there was increased emphasis on the expression of emotion in art. Sculptural works attributed to Praxiteles are characterized by elegance of proportion and graceful beauty. Powerful emotional effects are ... The style of the sculptors is adduced from fragments and Roman copies. Even less is known ...
  6. The vaulting technique of the Etruscans was absorbed by the Romans, who started in the 1st cent. a.d. the development of a mature vaulting system. Casting concrete in one solid mass, the Romans created vaults of perfect rigidity, devoid of external
  7. Arts & Entertainment Business Government ... for here are none but friends, What Roman lord it was durst do the deed: Or slunk not Saturnine, as Tarquin erst, That left the camp to sin in Lucrece' bed? ... Revenge, ye heavens, for old Andronicus! Exit. William Shakespeare: Titus Andronicus, Act III, Scene II. The Tragedy of Titus Andronicus.
  8. The continued striving after three-dimensional illusionist effects revealed in the various phases of painting was duplicated in the development of mosaics, extensively produced throughout the empire. In general the Roman minor arts tend to emphasize sumptuousness of materials and ornamentation. Cameos and golden jewelry were extensively produced.
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