History of Africa
Archaic humans emerged out of Africa between 0.5 and 1.8 million years ago. This was followed by the emergence of modern humans in East Africa around 300,000–250,000 years ago. In the 4th millennium BC written history arose in Ancient Egypt, and later in Nubia's Kush, the Horn of Africa's Dʿmt, and Ifrikiya's Carthage. Between around 3000 BC and 1000 AD, the Bantu expansion swept from north-western Central Africa across much of sub-Saharan Africa, laying the foundations for states in Central, Eastern, and Southern regions. The oral word is revered in most African societies, and history has generally been recorded via oral tradition. This has led anthropologists to term them oral civilisations, contrasted with literate civilisations which pride the written word. Traditions were crafted utilising various sources, performed, and passed down through generations. Many kingdoms and empires came and went in all regions of the continent. Wikipedia