History of the Caucasus
The history of the Caucasus region may be divided by geography into the history of the North Caucasus, historically in the sphere of influence of Scythia and of Southern Russia, and that of the South Caucasus in the sphere of influence of Persia, Anatolia, and Assyria. Throughout history, Southern Caucasus and parts of the North Caucasus have come under the control of various empires, including the Achaemenid, Neo-Assyrian Empire, Parthian, Roman, Sassanian, Byzantine, Mongol, Ottoman, and successive Iranian. In 1813 and 1828 by the Treaty of Gulistan and the Treaty of Turkmenchay respectively, Qajar Iran officially ceded its territories in the Caucasus in what is now Dagestan, eastern Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the Russian Empire. Russia conquered and annexed the rest of the North Caucasus in the course of the 19th century in the Caucasian Wars. The North Caucasus became the scene of intense fighting during the Second World War. Wikipedia