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  1. History of Turkmenistan

    The history of Turkmenistan traditionally began with the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BC. Early tribes were nomadic or semi-nomadic due to the arid conditions of the region, preventing widespread adoption of agriculture. The steppe culture in Central Asia was an extension of a larger Eurasian series of horse cultures which spanned the entire spectrum of language families, including the Indo-Europeans and Turko-Mongol groups. Some of the known early Iranian tribes included the Massagatae, the Scythians/Sakas, and early Soghdians, who were most likely precursors of the Khwarezmians. Turkmenistan was a passing point for numerous migrations and invasions by tribes, which gravitated towards the settled regions of the south, including ancient Mesopotamia, Elam, and the Indus Valley civilization. Wikipedia

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  2. en.wikipedia.org

    The history of Turkmenistan traditionally began with the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BC. Early tribes were nomadic or semi-nomadic due to the arid conditions of the region, preventing widespread adoption of agriculture. The steppe culture in Central Asia was an extension of a larger Eurasian series of horse cultures which spanned the entire spectrum of language families ...
    • English

      Turkmenistan [a] is a landlocked country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west. [15] Ashgabat is the capital and largest city.It is one of the six independent Turkic states. With a population over 7 million, [16] Turkmenistan is the 35th ...

  3. britannica.com

    Dec 21, 2024Turkmenistan is located in the southwest of the Central Asia region. It is bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south, and the Caspian Sea to the west. Though Turkmenistan is the second largest country in Central Asia in terms of land area, most of the land consists of oases scattered amid otherwise uninhabitable ...
  4. britannica.com

    In history of Central Asia: Soviet rule (now Turkmenistan) in 1924, and the Uzbek S.S.R. (now Uzbekistan) in 1924. The plan was to will into being five new nations whose separate development under close surveillance and firm tutelage from Moscow would preempt the emergence of a "Turkistani" national identity and such concomitant ideologies…
  5. en.wikipedia.org

    Turkmenistan [a] is a landlocked country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west. [15] Ashgabat is the capital and largest city.It is one of the six independent Turkic states. With a population over 7 million, [16] Turkmenistan is the 35th ...
  6. thoughtco.com

    Turkmenistan's recorded history starts around 500 B.C., with its conquest by the Achaemenid Empire. In 330 B.C., Alexander the Great defeated the Achaemenids. Alexander established a city on the Murgab River, in Turkmenistan, which he named Alexandria. The city later became Merv.
  7. history-maps.com

    Jan 11, 2025The history of Turkmenistan begins with the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BCE, drawn to the vast steppes and arid terrain. These tribes, including the Massagatae, Scythians (Sakas), and early Soghdians, were primarily nomadic or semi-nomadic, relying on horse culture that tied them to a broader Eurasian steppe civilization
  8. mejlis.gov.tm

    On December 12, 1995, Turkmenistan was recognized as a permanently neutral State by the resolution of the UN General Assembly with the unanimous support of 185 member States. At present Turkmenistan has established diplomatic relations with 151 countries. Turkmenistan is a democratic, law-based, secular State.
  9. advantour.com

    History of Turkmenistan. The ancient sources say that history of Turkmenistan appeared during the early paleolith. The numerous stone tools found there are related to that period. The remnants of the settlements of hunters and fishers are related to neolith: the most known of them are Dzhebel grottos in the eastern Caspian Sea coast. ...
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