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Computational Linguistics
"Human knowledge is expressed in language. So computational linguistics is very important." -Mark Steedman, ACL Presidential Address (2007) Computational linguistics is the scientific and engineering discipline concerned with understanding written and spoken language from a computational perspective, and building artifacts that usefully process and produce language, either in bulk or in ...
Brentano's Theory of Judgement
1. An Outline of Brentano's Theory. In this section, we start with an overview of Brentano's theory of judgement, as far as it is contained in the first edition of the Psychology. [] It will be convenient to divide the material covered by Brentano in chapter 7 of this work (and the final section of chapter 6) into four parts.
Whorfianism
Supplement to Philosophy of Linguistics. Whorfianism. Emergentists tend to follow Edward Sapir in taking an interest in interlinguistic and intralinguistic variation. Linguistic anthropologists have explicitly taken up the task of defending a famous claim associated with Sapir that connects linguistic variation to differences in thinking and ...
Innate/Acquired Distinction
The distinction played an important role in the history of philosophy as the locus of the dispute between Rationalism and Empiricism discussed in ... , however, came from linguistics. The linguist Noam Chomsky argued that existing behaviorist accounts of the development of language were unworkable and offered a general argument for the ...
Language of Thought Hypothesis
The language of thought hypothesis (LOTH) proposes that thinking occurs in a mental language. Often called Mentalese, the mental language resembles spoken language in several key respects: it contains words that can combine into sentences; the words and sentences are meaningful; and each sentence's meaning depends in a systematic way upon the meanings of its component words and the way those ...
Empiricism: Logical
'Logical empiricism' here includes three groups: (1) the Vienna Circle, here taken broadly to include those who were part of various private discussion groups, especially that around Moritz Schlick, and also the members of the more public Ernst Mach Society (Verein Ernst Mach), (2) the smaller, but perhaps more influential Berlin Society ...