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  1. Only showing results from www.encyclopedia.com

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  2. encyclopedia.com

    Judaism, History of Science and Religion, Modern Period. Moses Maimonides (1135 - 1204) wrote at the beginning of his comprehensive code of Jewish law, the Mishneh Torah, that the most fundamental commandment in Judaism is to believe in the creator deity, that no one can believe in the creator who does not understand creation, and to understand creation requires knowledge of the sciences ...
  3. encyclopedia.com

    The invention of glass vessel-making dates to the mid-second millennium b.c.e., when the first core-formed glass vessels appear almost simultaneously in Egypt and Mesopotamia. ... The first group of glass vessels which is distinctly Jewish by reason of its decoration is the famous gold glass with Jewish symbols. The term is used to describe ...
  4. encyclopedia.com

    Overview: Technology and Invention 2000 b.c. to a.d. 699Technology in the ancient and classical worlds reached impressive levels of achievement. The use of simple tools, skilled management of large numbers of workers (many of them slaves), and the absence of time pressure allowed these societies to create both productive farms and thriving cities.
  5. encyclopedia.com

    The invention of rag papermaking has been attributed to Ts'ai Lun, who ran the Chinese imperial workshop during the late Han dynasty (202 b.c.-a.d. 220 ). He is supposed to have demonstrated his version of paper to the emperor around. a.d. 104-105, although papermaking may have began in China 200 years earlier.
  6. encyclopedia.com

    JUDAISM. The term Judaism admits of various meanings. Rarely, it denotes the identity of an individual Jew (as, "He is aware of his Judaism") or an indeterminate bond among all Jews; occasionally, the whole of Jewry; more often, the manifold expression of Jewish history or culture; and commonly, the sum total of commandments, rites, traditions, and beliefs that make up the Jewish religion.
  7. encyclopedia.com

    Medieval Judaism Diaspora and Reestablishment. Judaism came to Europe as a result of a process known as diaspora (from the Greek "scattering"), which can refer to any number of migrations of Jewish communities when they were forced to leave their homes and live among Gentiles outside the Holy Land.Major diaspora occurred after the Babylonian exile in the sixth century b.c.e., after the ...
  8. encyclopedia.com

    For example, the Sibylline Oracles, written in Greek hexameters in the Jewish Diaspora, share many features of the historical apocalypses, especially the long overview of history in the guise of prophecy and the division into periods. The earliest Jewish Sibylline Oracles derive from Egypt in the second century bce. These oracles look for a ...
  9. encyclopedia.com

    Judaism to 1800 As a religion developing over three millennia, Judaism changed, diversified, and acculturated to many cultural and spiritual environments, while maintaining at the same time some basic characteristics. In the following, an attempt is made to describe both the continuities and the variations characteristic of the various forms of Judaism up to 1800.
  10. encyclopedia.com

    Judaism, History of Science and Religion, Medieval Period. Interest in science among medieval Jews, which began in the ninth century, was a consequence of the unprecedented rise of a scientific culture within Islamic civilization a century earlier.Traditionally, Jewish intellectual life was self-contained. It revolved around a canonic corpus of texts, notably the Talmud and the midrash in ...
  11. encyclopedia.com

    IBN TIBBON A famous Jewish family of Hebrew translators from the Arabic of philosophical, linguistic, and scientific treatises by Jewish and Arab scholars. It flourished in Provence (southern France) during the 12th and 13th centuries. The prodigious efforts of the members of this family made available to non-Arabic-speaking Jews (and through renditions of their translations, to non-Jews ...

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