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The French organized Switzerland as the Helvetic Republic in 1798. In 1815 the Congress of Vienna recognized Swiss independence and guaranteed its neutrality. A new federal state was formed in 1848 with Bern as the capital. Switzerland remained neutral in both World War I and World War II and has continued to defend this neutrality.
Other articles where history of Switzerland is discussed: Switzerland: History of Switzerland: Switzerland's history is one of a medieval defensive league formed during a time and in an area lacking imperial authority. The different cantons (traditionally called Orte in German) were to a large extent independent states that remained united through the shared defense of…
Switzerland - Alps, Neutrality, Banking: The year 1848 was a decisive turning point in Swiss history. Although internal conflict was not wholly eliminated thereafter, it was always settled within the framework of the 1848 federal constitution. The liberals and radicals, who completely dominated the state in the 19th century and remained a leading force into the 21st century, gradually and not ...
Switzerland - Alps, Confederation, Cantons: Switzerland's then biggest town, Basel, became a cultural centre as a result of the Council of Basel (1431-49), the foundation of its university (1460), and its printing industry, which attracted famed Renaissance scholar Desiderius Erasmus, whose Christian philosophy became the heart of humanism in Switzerland.
Switzerland - Alpine, Multicultural, Neutrality: In the 1990s Switzerland was one of the world's wealthiest and most prosperous countries, and neutrality, still the country's official doctrine, became much more complicated. In 1986 some three-fourths of voters rejected entry into the UN, despite the endorsement of membership by most mainstream politicians.
Switzerland was formed in 1291 by an alliance of cantons against the Habsburg dynasty—the Confoederatio Helvetica (or Swiss Confederation), from which the abbreviation CH for Switzerland derives—though only in 1848, when a new constitution was adopted, was the present nation formed. Prior to 1848, internal conflict was quite common, but ...
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