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  1. Protostome

    Clade of animals whose mouth develops before the anus

    Protostomia is the clade of animals once thought to be characterized by the formation of the organism's mouth before its anus during embryonic development. This nature has since been discovered to be extremely variable among Protostomia's members, although the reverse is typically true of its sister clade, Deuterostomia. Well-known examples of protostomes are arthropods, molluscs, annelids, flatworms and nematodes. They are also called schizocoelomates since schizocoely typically occurs in them. Together with the Deuterostomia and Xenacoelomorpha, these form the clade Bilateria, animals with bilateral symmetry, anteroposterior axis and three germ layers. Wikipedia

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  3. britannica.com

    Protostomia are animals with the mouth developing from the first opening in the embryo. They include arthropods, mollusks, annelids, and some others. Learn more about their features, diversity, and comparison with deuterostomes.
    Author:The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  4. encyclopedia.com

    Protostomia and Deuterostomia are also characterized by different larvae. In most protostomes, the larval type is a trochophore, basically defined by the presence of two rings of multiciliated cells (prototroch and metatroch) surrounding a ciliated zone around the mouth. Most deuterostomes have a dipleurula-type larva, defined by the presence ...
  5. Protostomes develops mouth from the blastopore during the development of embryo. On the other hand, deuterostomes develop anus from the blastopore. Both protostomia and deuterostomia also consist of differences in the development of their three germ layers. Deuterostomes bear a higher modified nervous and muscular systems.
  6. library.fiveable.me

    Protostomia is a major lineage in the animal kingdom characterized by the developmental pattern where the mouth forms before the anus during embryonic development. This group includes a diverse range of animals such as arthropods, mollusks, and annelids, showcasing varied body plans and ecological roles. The unique developmental sequence in protostomes sets them apart from deuterostomes, which ...
  7. academic.oup.com

    Protostomia includes Spiralia (Lophotrochozoa) and Ecdysozoa, based on molecular phylogenies. The group is characterized by the fate of the blastopore, which becomes the mouth, and the trochophora larva, which has a circumoral brain and ventral nerve cords.

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